Shock wave formation in compliant arteries

[EN] We focus on the problem of shock wave formation in a model of blood flow along an elastic artery. We analyze the conditions under which this phenomenon can appear and we provide an estimation of the instant of shock formation. Numerical simulations of the model have been conducted using the Discontinuous Galerkin Finite Element Method. The results are consistent with certain phenomena observed by practitioners in patients with arteriopathies, and they could predict the possible formation of a shock wave in the aorta.C. Rodero and I. Garcia-Fernandez are supported by Projects TIN2014-59932-JIN (MINECO/FEDER, EU) and CIB16-BM019 (IISCII). J. A. Conejero is supported by MEC, Project MTM2016-75963-P.Rodero, C.; Conejero, JA.; García-Fernández, I. (2019). Shock wave formation in compliant arteries. Evolution Equations and Control Theory (Online). 8(1):221-230. https://doi.org/10.3934/eect.2019012S2212308

Benefits of a dance group intervention on institutionalized elder people: A Bayesian network approach

The present study aims to explore the effects of an adapted classical dance intervention on the psychological and functional status of institutionalized elder people using a Bayesian network. All participants were assessed at baseline and after the 9 weeks period of the intervention. Measures included balance and gait, psychological well-being, depression, and emotional distress. According to the Bayesian network obtained, the dance intervention increased the likelihood of presenting better psychological well-being, balance, and gait. Besides, it also decreased the probabilities of presenting emotional distress and depression. These findings demonstrate that dancing has functional and psychological benefits for institutionalized elder people. Moreover it highlights the importance of promoting serious leisure variety in the daily living of institutionalized elder adults

Smooth functions with uncountably many zeros

[EN] In this short note we show that there exist uncountably generated alge- bras every non-zero element of which is a smooth function having uncount- ably many zeros. This result complements some recent ones by Enflo et al. [7, 9].The authors would like to thank the anonymous referee, whose thorough analysis and insightful remarks improved the text. The authors were supported by CNPq Grant 401735/2013-3 (PVE - Linha 2), MTM2012-34341, MEC Project MTM2013-47093-P, and Programa de Investigacion y Desarrollo de la UPV, Referencia SP2012070. The third author is also supported by a FPU grant of MEC Project MTM2010-14909.Conejero, JA.; Muñoz-Fernández, GA.; Murillo Arcila, M.; Seoane Sepúlveda, JB. (2015). Smooth functions with uncountably many zeros. Bulletin of the Bengian Mathematical Society. 22:1-5. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/64844152

Detection of nonadjacent rotor faults in induction motors via spectral subtraction and autocorrelation of stray flux signals

(c) 2019 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.[EN] In this paper, statistical signal processing techniques are applied to electromotive force signals captured in external coil sensors for adjacent and nonadjacent broken bars detection in induction motors. An algorithm based on spectral subtraction analysis is applied for broken bar identification, independent of the relative position of the bar breakages. Moreover, power spectrum analyses enable the discrimination between healthy and faulty conditions. The results obtained with experimental data prove that the proposed approach provides good results for fault detectability. Moreover, the identification of the faults, and the signal correlation indicator to prove the results are also presented for different positions of the flux sensor.This work was supported in part by MEC under Project MTM 2016-7963-P and in part by the Spanish 'Ministerio de Ciencia Innovacion y Universidades' and FEDER program in the framework of the 'Proyectos de I+D de Generacion de Conocimiento del Programa Estatal de Generacion de Conocimiento y Fortalecimiento Cientifico y Tecnologico del Sistema de I+D+i, Subprograma Estatal de Generacion de Conocimiento' (ref: PGC2018-095747-B-I00).Iglesias-Martínez, ME.; Fernández De Córdoba, P.; Antonino Daviu, JA.; Conejero, JA. (2019). Detection of nonadjacent rotor faults in induction motors via spectral subtraction and autocorrelation of stray flux signals. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 55(5):4585-4594. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2019.2917861S4585459455

Large scale evaluation of differences between network-based and pairwise sequence-alignment-based methods of dendrogram reconstruction

[EN] Dendrograms are a way to represent relationships between organisms. Nowadays, these are inferred based on the comparison of genes or protein sequences by taking into account their differences and similarities. The genetic material of choice for the sequence alignments (all the genes or sets of genes) results in distinct inferred dendrograms. In this work, we evaluate differences between dendrograms reconstructed with different methodologies and for different sets of organisms chosen at random from a much larger set. A statistical analysis is performed to estimate fluctuations between the results obtained from the different methodologies that allows us to validate a systematic approach, based on the comparison of the organisms' metabolic networks for inferring dendrograms. This has the advantage that it allows the comparison of organisms very far away in the evolutionary tree even if they have no known ortholog gene in common. Our results show that dendrograms built using information from metabolic networks are similar to the standard sequence-based dendrograms and can be a complement to them.All authors received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement number 308518 (CyanoFactory) (https://ec.europa.eu/research/fp7/index_en.cfm).The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Gamermann, D.; Montagud, A.; Conejero, JA.; Fernández De Córdoba, P.; Urchueguía Schölzel, JF. (2019). Large scale evaluation of differences between network-based and pairwise sequence-alignment-based methods of dendrogram reconstruction. PLoS ONE. 14(9):1-13. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0221631S113149Robinson, D. F., & Foulds, L. R. (1981). Comparison of phylogenetic trees. Mathematical Biosciences, 53(1-2), 131-147. doi:10.1016/0025-5564(81)90043-2Day, W. H. E. (1985). 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Higher-order spectral analysis of stray flux signals for faults detection in induction motors

[EN] This work is a review of current trends in the stray flux signal processing techniques applied to the diagnosis of electrical machines. Initially, a review of the most commonly used standard methods is performed in the diagnosis of failures in induction machines and using stray flux; and then specifically it is treated and performed the algorithms based on statistical analysis using cumulants and polyspectra. In addition, the theoretical foundations of the analyzed algorithms and examples applications are shown from the practical point of view where the benefits that processing can have using HOSA and its relationship with stray flux signal analysis, are illustrated.This work has been supported by Generalitat Valenciana, Conselleria d'Educació, Cultura i Esport in the framework of the "Programa para la promoción de la investigación científica, el desarrollo tecnológico y la innovación en la Comunitat Valenciana", Subvenciones para grupos de investigación consolidables (ref: AICO/2019/224). J. Alberto Conejero is also partially supported by MEC Project MTM2016-75963-P.Iglesias Martínez, ME.; Antonino Daviu, JA.; Fernández De Córdoba, P.; Conejero, JA. (2020). Higher-order spectral analysis of stray flux signals for faults detection in induction motors. Applied Mathematics and Nonlinear Sciences. 5(2):1-14. https://doi.org/10.2478/amns.2020.1.00032S11452H. Akçay and E. Germen. 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Fpga-based broken bars detection on induction motors under different load using motor current signature analysis and mathematical morphology. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 63(5):1032–1040, 2013.P. A. Delgado-Arredondo, D. Morinigo-Sotelo, R. A. Osornio-Rios, J. G. Avina-Cervantes, H. Rostro-Gonzalez, and R. de Jesus Romero-Troncoso. Methodology for fault detection in induction motors via sound and vibration signals. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 83:568–589, 2017.M. Drif and A. J. M. Cardoso. Stator fault diagnostics in squirrel cage three-phase induction motor drives using the instantaneous active and reactive power signature analyses. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 10(2):1348–1360, 2014.L. Frosini, C. Harlişca, and L. Szabó. Induction machine bearing fault detection by means of statistical processing of the stray flux measurement. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 62(3):1846–1854, 2014.Z. Gao, C. Cecati, and S. X. Ding. 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Non invasive sensors for monitoring the efficiency of ac electrical rotating machines. Sensors, 10(8):7874–7895, 2010

Automatic Classification of Winding Asymmetries in Wound Rotor Induction Motors based on Bicoherence and Fuzzy C-Means Algorithms of Stray Flux Signals

(c) 2021 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.[EN] Wound rotor induction motors are used in a certain number of industrial applications due to their interesting advantages, such as the possibility of inserting external rheostats in series with the rotor winding to enhance the torque characteristics under starting and to decrease the high inrush currents. However, the more complex structure of the rotor winding, compared to cage induction motors, is a source for potential maintenance problems. In this regard, several anomalies can lead to the occurrence of asymmetries in the rotor winding that may yield terrible repercussions for the machine¿s integrity. Therefore, monitoring the levels of asymmetry in the rotor winding is of paramount importance to ensure the correct operation of the motor. This work proposes the use of Bicoherence of the stray flux signal, as an indicator to obtain an automatic classification of the rotor winding condition. For this, the Fuzzy C-Means machine learning algorithm is used, which starts with the Bicoherence calculation and generates the different clusters for grouping and classification, according to the level of winding asymmetry. In addition, an analysis regarding the influence of the flux sensor position on the automatic classification and the failure detection is carried out. The results are highly satisfactory and prove the potential of the method for its future incorporation in autonomous condition monitoring systems that can be satisfactorily applied to determine the health of these machines.This work was supported in part by Generalitat Valenciana, Conselleria de Innovacion, Universidades, Ciencia y Sociedad Digital, (project AICO/019/224) and in part by MEC under Project MTM2016-75963-P.Iglesias Martínez, ME.; Antonino-Daviu, JA.; Fernández De Córdoba, P.; Conejero, JA.; Dunai, L. (2021). Automatic Classification of Winding Asymmetries in Wound Rotor Induction Motors based on Bicoherence and Fuzzy C-Means Algorithms of Stray Flux Signals. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 57(6):5876-5886. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2021.3108413S5876588657

Photonic Snake States in Two-Dimensional Frequency Combs

Taming the instabilities inherent to many nonlinear optical phenomena is of paramount importance for modern photonics. In particular, the so-called snake instability is universally known to severely distort localized wave stripes, leading to the occurrence of transient, short-lived dynamical states that eventually decay. The phenomenon is ubiquitous in nonlinear science, from river meandering to superfluids, and to date it remains apparently uncontrollable. However, here we show that optical snake instabilities can be harnessed by a process that leads to the formation of stationary and robust two-dimensional zigzag states. We find that such new type of nonlinear waves exists in the hyperbolic regime of cylindrical micro-resonators and it naturally corresponds to two-dimensional frequency combs featuring spectral heterogeneity and intrinsic synchronization. We uncover the conditions of the existence of such spatiotemporal photonic snakes and confirm their remarkable robustness against perturbations. Our findings represent a new paradigm for frequency comb generation, thus opening the door to a whole range of applications in communications, metrology, and spectroscopy.Comment: 6 figures, 11 page

A system to monitor and model the thermal isolation of coating compounds applied to closed spaces

[EN] Smart control systems and new technologies are necessary to reduce the energy consumption in buildings while achieving thermal comfort. In this work, we monitor the thermal evolution inside a scale reduced closed space whose exterior and/or interior wall faces have been painted with a coating solution. Based on the experimental data obtained under different environmental conditions, a simulator was developed and tuned to reproduce the thermodynamic behavior inside the spaces, with a relative error of less than 3.5%. This simulator lets us also estimate energy savings, temperature, and flux behavior under other conditions.This research was supported by the National Doctoral Program of the Colombian Administrative Department of Science Technology and Innovation (Colciencias).Florez Montes, F.; Fernández De Córdoba, P.; Higón Calvet, JL.; Conejero, JA.; Poza-Lujan, J. (2020). A system to monitor and model the thermal isolation of coating compounds applied to closed spaces. Thermal Science. 24(3A):1885-1892. https://doi.org/10.2298/TSCI190525077MS18851892243

New approach for phylogenetic tree recovery based on genome-scale metabolic networks

[EN] A wide range of applications and research has been done with genome-scale metabolic models. In this work, we describe an innovative methodology for comparing metabolic networks constructed from genome-scale metabolic models and how to apply this comparison in order to infer evolutionary distances between different organisms. Our methodology allows a quantification of the metabolic differences between different species from a broad range of families and even kingdoms. This quantification is then applied in order to reconstruct phylogenetic trees for sets of various organisms.The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement number 308518 (CyanoFactory).Gamermann, D.; Montagud Aquino, A.; Conejero Casares, JA.; Urchueguía Schölzel, JF.; Fernández De Córdoba Castellá, PJ. (2014). New approach for phylogenetic tree recovery based on genome-scale metabolic networks. Journal of Computational Biology. 21(7):508-519. https://doi.org/10.1089/cmb.2013.0150S50851921