Serum Micronutrient Status, Sleep Quality and Neurobehavioral Function Among Early Adolescents

Objective: To examine associations between serum micronutrients and neurobehavioral function and the mediating role of sleep quality in early adolescents. Design: In this cross-sectional study, peripheral blood samples were analyzed for iron and zinc levels. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Penn Computerized Neurocognitive Battery were used to assess sleep quality and neurobehavioral function, respectively. The generalized linear regressions (bootstrap) were performed to estimate the associations. Setting: Jintan, China Participants: 226 adolescents (106 females) from the Jintan Child Cohort study. Results: Adolescents with low iron (\u3c 75 ug/dl) (OR=1.29, p=0.04) and low zinc (\u3c 70 ug/dl) (OR=1.58, p0.05). Conclusion: Iron and zinc deficiencies may possibly be associated with poor sleep and neurobehavioral function among early adolescents. Poor sleep may partially mediate the relationship between micronutrients and neurobehavioral function

Home parenteral nutrition provision modalities for chronic intestinal failure in adult patients:An international survey

Background & aims: The safety and effectiveness of a home parenteral nutrition (HPN) program depends both on the expertise and the management approach of the HPN center. We aimed to evaluate both the approaches of different international HPN-centers in their provision of HPN and the types of intravenous supplementation (IVS)-admixtures prescribed to patients with chronic intestinal failure (CIF). Methods: In March 2015, 65 centers from 22 countries enrolled 3239 patients (benign disease 90.1%, malignant disease 9.9%), recording the patient, CIF and HPN characteristics in a structured database. The HPN-provider was categorized as health care system local pharmacy (LP) or independent home care company (HCC). The IVS-admixture was categorized as fluids and electrolytes alone (FE) or parenteral nutrition, either commercially premixed (PA) or customized to the individual patient (CA), alone or plus extra FE (PAFE or CAFE). Doctors of HPN centers were responsible for the IVS prescriptions. Results: HCC (66%) was the most common HPN provider, with no difference noted between benign-CIF and malignant-CIF. LP was the main modality in 11 countries; HCC prevailed in 4 European countries: Israel, USA, South America and Oceania (p < 0.001). IVS-admixture comprised: FE 10%, PA 17%, PAFE 17%, CA 38%, CAFE 18%. PA and PAFE prevailed in malignant-CIF while CA and CAFE use was greater in benign-CIF (p < 0.001). PA + PAFE prevailed in those countries where LP was the main HPN-provider and CA + CAFE prevailed where the main HPN-provider was HCC (p < 0.001). Conclusions: This is the first study to demonstrate that HPN provision and the IVS-admixture differ greatly among countries, among HPN centers and between benign-CIF and cancer-CIF. As both HPN provider and IVS-admixture types may play a role in the safety and effectiveness of HPN therapy, criteria to homogenize HPN programs are needed so that patients can have equal access to optimal CIF care

A.S.P.E.N. Clinical Guidelines

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141317/1/jpen0538-sup-0001.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141317/2/jpen0538.pd

Adolescent Obesity Prevention in Botswana: Beliefs and Recommendations of School Personnel

The study’s objectives were to gain school personnel’s (1) perceptions on diet, physical activity, body size, and obesity, (2) description of school food and physical activity practices, and (3) recommendations for programs to prevent adolescent obesity. The study took place in six junior secondary schools of varying socioeconomic status in Gaborone, Botswana. Using a qualitative descriptive design, semistructured interviews were conducted with key school personnel. Directed content analysis was used to summarize the findings. School personnel believed that obesity was an important problem. They felt that school food was unhealthy and that physical activity was provided insufficiently. Participants shared enthusiasm for a school-based health-promoting intervention that must be fun and include active engagement and education on healthy lifestyles for all students. Participants supported on-site food shop inventory changes and physical activity programs. Potential barriers listed were schools’ financial resources, interest of students, and time limitations of all involved