Recent experimental results in sub- and near-barrier heavy ion fusion reactions

Recent advances obtained in the field of near and sub-barrier heavy-ion fusion reactions are reviewed. Emphasis is given to the results obtained in the last decade, and focus will be mainly on the experimental work performed concerning the influence of transfer channels on fusion cross sections and the hindrance phenomenon far below the barrier. Indeed, early data of sub-barrier fusion taught us that cross sections may strongly depend on the low-energy collective modes of the colliding nuclei, and, possibly, on couplings to transfer channels. The coupled-channels (CC) model has been quite successful in the interpretation of the experimental evidences. Fusion barrier distributions often yield the fingerprint of the relevant coupled channels. Recent results obtained by using radioactive beams are reported. At deep sub-barrier energies, the slope of the excitation function in a semi-logarithmic plot keeps increasing in many cases and standard CC calculations over-predict the cross sections. This was named a hindrance phenomenon, and its physical origin is still a matter of debate. Recent theoretical developments suggest that this effect, at least partially, may be a consequence of the Pauli exclusion principle. The hindrance may have far-reaching consequences in astrophysics where fusion of light systems determines stellar evolution during the carbon and oxygen burning stages, and yields important information for exotic reactions that take place in the inner crust of accreting neutron stars.Comment: 40 pages, 63 figures, review paper accepted for EPJ

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Reading And Writing: Psychoanalytical Treatment In A Case Of Paranoia

Difficulties encountered in clinical work with psychoses require psychoanalytical approaches different from those used for treating neurosis. The authors use a clinical case of a paranoiac patient to highlight the role played by writing, drawing, and painting in the psychoanalytical treatment of psychosis. They also discuss the role of the reader-analyst in this patient's transferential process, which led to the emergence of a new subjectivity. © 2005 Association for the Advancement of Psychoanalysis.653219238Aulagnier, P., (1979) A Violência Da Interpretação [the Violence of the Interpretation], , Imago Rio de JaneiroAulagnier, P., The concept of potential (1989) O Aprendiz de Historiador e O Mestre-feiticeiro [The Apprentice of Historian and the Wizard-Master], pp. 234-235. , São Paulo: EscutaAulagnier, P., The right to the secret (1990) Um Intérprete Em Busca de Sentido I [An Interpreter to Search of Meaning I], pp. 262-268. , São Paulo: EscutaAulagnier, P., Remarks upon the psychotic structure (1990) Um Intérprete Em Busca Do Sentido II [An Interpreter to Search of Meaning II], p. 21. , São Paulo: EscutaBartucci, G., (2001) Psicanálise, Literatura e Estéticas Da Subjetivaç ão [Psychoanalysis, Literature and Aesthetics of Subjectiveness], , Imago Rio de JaneiroDerrida, J., (1997) A Farmácia de Platão [Plato's Pharmacy], , Iluminuras São PauloFédida, P., (2002) Dos Benefícios Da Depressão-Elogio Da Psicoterapia [From the Benefits of the Depression-Eulogy of Psychoterapy], , Escuta São PauloFreire, J.M.G., O Leitor: O Outro indispensável [The reader: The indispensable Other]) (2003) Revista Latinonamericana de Psicopatologia Fundamental, 6, pp. 51-68. , 2Freud, S., The neuro-psychoses of defence (1968) The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works, 3, pp. 45-61. , London: Hogarth Press. (Original work published in 1894)Freud, S., Studies on hysteria (1968) The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works, 2, p. 30. , London: Hogarth Press. (Original work published in 1895)Freud, S., Psycho-analytic notes on an autobiographical account of a case of paranoia ("dementia paranoides") (1968) The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works, 12, pp. 9-82. , London: Hogarth Press. (Original work published in 1911)Freud, S., On narcissism: An introduction (1968) The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works, 14, p. 75. , London: Hogarth Press. (Original work published in 1914)Freud, S., The unconscious (1968) The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works, 14, pp. 166-204. , London: Hogarth Press. (Original work published in 1915)Freud, S., Constructions in analysis (1968) The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works, 23, pp. 257-269. , London: Hogarth Press. (Original work published in 1938)Freud, S., An outline of psychoanalysis (1968) The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works, 12, pp. 9-82. , London: Hogarth Press. (Original work published in 1938)Freud, S., (1986) The Freud/Fliess Correspondence [A Correspondência Completa de S. Freud para W. Fliess-1887-1904)], p. 209. , J. M. Masson (Ed.). Rio de Janeiro: ImagoGori, R., (1998) A Prova Pela Fala. Sobre a Causalidade Em Psicanálise[the Proof by Speech. on the Causality at Psychoanalysis], pp. 23-70. , Escuta São PauloGrubrich-Simitis, I., (1996) De Volta Aos Textos de Freud. Dando Voz a Documentos Mudos [Back to Freud's Texts. Yale University], pp. 93-97. , Imago Rio de JaneiroHughes, J.M., (1989) Reshaping the Psychoanalytic Domain, pp. 139-140. , Regents of the University of California San DiegoKhan, M.S.R., (1991) Locura Y Soledad. Entre la Teoria Y la Práctica Psicanalítica [Madness and Loneliness. between the Theory and the Psychoanalytic Practical], , Lugar Editorial Buenos AiresKlein, M., The origin of transference (1952) Envy and Gratitude and Other Works (1946-1963), p. 78. , London: International Psycho-Analytical Library. (Origens da transferência. In Inveja e Gratidão. Rio de Janeiro: Imago.)Kon, N.M., (1996) Freud e Seu Duplo [Freud and Your Double], p. 207. , Edusp São PauloLacan, J., (1932) De la Psychose Paranoïaque Dans Ses Rapports Avec la Personalité [From the Paranoic Psychoses in Its Relations with the Personality], p. 175. , Seuil ParisLacan, J., (1976) Scilicet. Seuil, 6-7, p. 36. , ParisLacan, J., (1985) As Psicoses. O Seminário, Livro 3 [Psychoses. 1955-1956], p. 93. , Jorge Zahar Rio de JaneiroMannoni, O., (1976) Freud e a Psicanálise [Freud and the Psychoanalysis], p. 37. , Editora Rio Rio de JaneiroMahony, P., (1982) Freud As a Writer, , International Universities Press New York (Freud como Escritor [pp.169, 196]. Rio de Janeiro: Imago, 1992.)Mahony, P., Psicanálise-O Tratamento pela Escrita [Treatment by writing) (1990) Revista Brasileira de Psicanálise, 24, p. 555. , 4Milner, M., (1969) The Hands of the Living God: An Account of a Psycho-analytic Treatment, pp. 30-82. , Hogarth Press LondonNasio, J.-D., (2001) Os Grandes Casos de Psicose [the Great Cases of the Psychoses], p. 7. , Zahar Rio de JaneiroQuinet, A., (1997) Teoria e Clínica Da Psicose [the Theory and the Clinic of the Psychosis], , Forense Universitária Rio de JaneiroSchreber, D.P., (1903) Memoirs of My Nervous Illness, , J. Mc. Alpine & R. Hunter (Eds.). 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Impact of an intra-abdominal cooling device during open kidney transplantation in pigs.

Transplantation of kidneys from deceased donors is still associated with a high rate of postoperative renal dysfunction. During implantation into the recipient, the kidney rewarms. This second warm ischaemia time, which is not monitored, is harmful especially if prolonged. We recently developed an intra-abdominal cooling device that efficiently prevents kidney rewarming during robotic transplantation, and prevents ischaemia-reperfusion injuries. We tested the benefits of this cooling device during open kidney transplantation in pigs. Kidneys were procured from large pigs by open bilateral nephrectomy. Following procurement, kidneys were flushed with 4°C Institut Georges Lopez-1 preservation solution, and placed on ice. Animals then underwent double sequential autologous open renal transplantation with (n = 7) and without (n = 6) intra-abdominal cooling. Mean anastomosis time was similar between groups (43.9 ± 13 minutes). At reperfusion, the renal cortex temperature was lower in the group with cooling (4.3 ± 1.1°C vs 26.5 ± 5.5°C, p <0.001). The cooled kidneys tended to be protected from injury, including some histopathological ischaemia-reperfusion lesions. With the device, kidneys had a better immediate postoperative urine output (p = 0.05). Our results indicate that the intra-abdominal cooling device significantly reduced second warm ischaemic time during transplantation, is technically safe and does not prolong anastomotic time