Osteopaattisen hoidon vaikutus tennispelaajien olkapäävaivoihin : tapaustutkimus

Opinnäytetyön tavoitteena oli selvittää miten osteopaattinen hoito vaikuttaa aktiivisen tennispelaajan urheilusuoritukseen. Työn tarkoituksena oli kuvata hoitojakson aikana tapahtuneita muutoksia olkapään kiputuntemuksissa ja urheilusuorituksen aikana koetussa haitassa. Sen lisäksi mittasimme hoidon aikana tapahtuneita mahdollisia muutoksia olkanivelen ja rintarangan liikkuvuudessa sekä scapulan staattisessa asennossa. Tämän tapaustutkimuksen alussa konsultoimme yhteistyökumppaneittemme HVS:n ja Smash-tennis ry:n valmennuspäälliköitä tennispelaajien yleisimmistä vaivoista. Heidän kokemuksiin perustuen rajasimme aiheemme tennispelaajan olkapäävaivoihin. Tietoa tenniksestä ja olkapäävaivoista sekä niiden hoidosta kokosimme kirjallisuudesta. Marras- ja Joulukuun 2012 aikana hoidimme neljää olkapäävaivoista kärsivää tennispelaajaa Metropolia ammattikorkeakoulun Positia opetusyksikössä. Tammikuussa 2013 pidimme potilaille kontrollikäynnit, jossa suoritettiin loppumittaukset ja potilaat täyttivät loppukyselylomakkeen koskien hoitojaksoa. Mittauksissa saaduissa tuloksissa potilaiden liikelaajuudet rintarangassa lisääntyivät sekä ekstensio- että fleksiosuuntiin. Lisäksi hoidettavan puolen olkanivelen sisärotaatio ja ulkorotaatio kasvoivat. Hoidettavan puolen scapulan asennossa tapahtui muutoksia siten, että scapula oli laskeutunut superiorisesta asennosta lähelle toisen scapulan tasoa. Mielenkiintoista oli, että myös ei-hoidettavan puolen scapula siirtyi lähemmäksi keskilinjaa sekä olkanivelen sisärotaatio lisääntyi. Potilaiden kokema kipu väheni jopa kokonaan ja haitta urheilusuoritukseen oli merkittävästi pienentynyt hoitojakson aikana. Tammikuussa 2013 pidetyillä kontrollikäynnillä saavutetut hyödyt olivat pysyneet. Opinnäytetyössä mukana olleet potilaat kokivat hyötyneensä hoitojaksosta. Heidän mielestä osteopaattinen hoito on auttanut vähentämään kipuja sekä olkapään alueella että urheilusuorituksen aikana. Tutkimuspotilaat kokivat hoidon sopivan erittäin hyvin tenniksen harjoitteluun ja pelaamiseen. Videoanalyysin käyttäminen pelaajien urheilusuoritusten muutosten seuraamisessa hoitojakson aikana luo seuraaville yliolanheittolajeista kiinnostuville hyvän jatkotutkimisaiheen. Myös suurempi otanta potilasmäärässä mahdollistaisi vertailun ja tulosten yleistettävyyden.The aim of this bachelor's thesis was to find out how the osteopathic treatment affects on an active tennis players sport performance. The task was to define any changes in pain and discomfort during sport performance in shoulder region. In addition we measured any possible changes in the range of motion of shoulder and thoracic spine and static position of scapula during the treatment sessions. In the first phase of this case study we consulted two head coaches from our partners: Smash-Tennis ry and HVS about most common ailments of tennis players. According to their experience our subject confined to shoulder region. Information about tennis related shoulder complaints and treatments was gathered from the literature. The study involved four patients with shoulder pain or discomfort and consisted four to six osteopathic treatment sessions in November-December 2012 and one follow-up visit with measurement control in January 2013 in Metropolia University of applied sciences teaching clinic Positia. The measurements of the shoulder internal and external range of motion, flexion and extension of the thoracic spine and the static position of scapula were performed before and after every treatment session and in the follow-up visit. According to our findings both extension and flexion of the thoracic spine increased. Both internal and external rotation of the glenohumeral joint increased on the treated side. In addition the static position of the scapula on the treated side became more balanced with the non-treated scapula. What we found interesting was that the measurement findings on the non-treated shoulder and scapula changed as well. Especially internal rotation of glenohumeral joint increased and the position of the scapula moved more to the midline. Patients reported that the pain on the shoulder region and discomfort during the sport performance were significantly decreased during the treatment session and in the follow-up visit. All the patients who participated in the case study were satisfied with the treatment session and they found it really beneficial. They felt that the shoulder pain and the discomfort during sport performance were diminished. Patients agreed that osteopathic treatment works well with ongoing training of tennis. In the future it could be interesting to make a video analysis about a sport performance of an overhead athlete and does osteopathic treatment have any effects on that. A larger sample size would make the results more valid and reliable

Understanding the leakage process for multi-scale water infrastructure asset management: necessity for a dialogue between sociological and data sciences

Reducing water losses is one of the most pressing issues for modern water utilities. To that end, improving the efficiency of the pipe leakage and repair process and aiding the selection of the pipes that are to be renewed or rehabilitated are essential. To help addressing these tasks, in this work, we develop a model predicting the probability of a pipe to be leaking. This work is set the context of a multidisciplinary project with Soci{\'e}t{\'e} Wallone des Eaux and it is aligned with their goal to improve their Infrastructure Asset Management in the short and the long terms. Developing and feeding this leakage probability model relies on an intense data processing phase, mobilizing data and water engineering sciences, since the raw data from SWDE is not ready to be used in the model. Complementarily, we thus employ techniques from sociology (e.g., interviews, analyses of the human/non-human actors and of the tools, sociotechnical translations) in order to complete the data, to improve our understanding of its production, and to increase its value and its availability for the prediction of the pipe leakage probability. This model will be implemented in SWDE's information system and used for strategies to reduce water losses

Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stromal cells and fibroblast-derived extracellular matrix synergistically activate apoptosis in a p21-dependent mechanism in WHCO1 and MDA MB 231 cancer cells in vitro

The tumour microenvironment plays a crucial role in tumour progression and comprises tumour stroma which is made up of different cell types and the extracellular matrix (ECM).Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are part of the tumour stroma and may have conflicting effects on tumour growth. In this study we investigated the effect of Wharton’s Jelly-derived MSCs (WJ-MSCs) and a fibroblast-derived ECM (fd-ECM) on esophageal (WHCO1) and breast (MDAMB 231) cancer cells in vitro. BothWJ-MSCs and the fd-ECM, alone or in combination, downregulate PCNA, cyclin D1, Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and MMPs and upregulate p53 and p21. p21 induction resulted in G2 phase cell cycle arrest and induced apoptosis in vitro. Our data suggest that p21 induction is via p53- dependent and p53-independent mechanisms inWHCO1 andMDA MB 231 cells, respectively. Vascular endothelial growth factor, Akt, and Nodal pathways were downregulated in cancer cells cocultured with WJ-MSCs. We also demonstrate that WJ-MSCs effects on cancer cells appear to be short-lived whilst the fd-ECM effect is long-lived. This study shows the influence of tumour microenvironment on cancer cell behaviour and provides alternative therapeutic targets for potential regulation of tumour cells.The International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), the South African Medical Research Council, the National Research Foundation (NRF) of South Africa, theUniversity of Pretoria, and the University of Cape Town. Karlien Kallmeyer and Michael S. Pepper’s work was funded by the South African Medical Research Council (University Flagship award and Extramural Stem Cell Unit).http://www.hindawi.com/journals/sci/am2016Immunolog

Heat treatment of poplar plywood: modifications in physical, mechanical and durability properties

Plywood made of poplar are limited to indoor usages since poplar exhibits a rather low natural durability. Recently, wood heat treatments have been applied to improve properties such as decay susceptibility and dimensional stability. This study examines the potential of exposing poplar plywood to heat treatment to extend the potential of applications of this engineered wood product to outdoor end uses, and new markets accordingly. Plywood panels were glued with two different adhesive formulations based on the same melamine-urea-formaldehyde (MUF) resin to compare their respective ability to resist to the heat treatment. These different plywoods were thermally modified in saturated steam conditions at 215 °C for 2 hours following the ThermoWood® process, up to reach 14% in mass loss. The durability improvement brought by the heat treatment was assessed in order to evaluate any possible outdoor uses for such plywood. After all the conducted analyses, the potential to use heat treated poplar plywoods in humid interior and protected exterior service conditions was confirmed.ANR-10-EQPX-16 XYLOFOREST laboratoire Mixte Public/privé qui associe les Arts et Métiers (campus de Cluny) et l’entreprise Brugèr

A Monoallelic Variant in REST Is Associated with Non-Syndromic Autosomal Dominant Hearing Impairment in a South African Family

Hearing impairment (HI) is a sensory disorder with a prevalence of 0.0055 live births in South Africa. DNA samples from a South African family presenting with progressive, autosomal dominant non-syndromic HI were subjected to whole-exome sequencing, and a novel monoallelic variant in REST [c.1244GC; p.(C415S)], was identified as the putative causative variant. The co-segregation of the variant was confirmed with Sanger Sequencing. The variant is absent from databases, 103 healthy South African controls, and 52 South African probands with isolated HI. In silico analysis indicates that the p.C415S variant in REST substitutes a conserved cysteine and results in changes to the surrounding secondary structure and the disulphide bonds, culminating in alteration of the tertiary structure of REST. Localization studies using ectopically expressed GFP-tagged Wild type (WT) and mutant REST in HEK-293 cells show that WT REST localizes exclusively to the nucleus; however, the mutant protein localizes throughout the cell. Additionally, mutant REST has an impaired ability to repress its known target AF1q. The data demonstrates that the identified mutation compromises the function of REST and support its implication in HI. This study is the second report, worldwide, to implicate REST in HI and suggests that it should be included in diagnostic HI panels

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

The early visual encoding of a face (N170) is viewpoint-dependent: a parametric ERP-adaptation study.

Visual representations of faces are extracted shortly after 100 ms in the human brain, leading to an occipito-temporal cortex N170 event-related potential (ERP). To understand the nature of this early visual representation, a full-front adapting face preceded a different or identical target face identity. The target face varied parametrically in head orientation from the adapting face (0-90°, 15° steps). The N170 elicited by the target face increased progressively from 0° up to 30° head orientation, with no further increase until 90°. The N170 decreased for repeated face identities, this effect being stable between 0° and 30° changes of viewpoint, and no effect beyond that angle. These observations suggest that a face is encoded in a view-dependent manner, being matched to either a full-front or a profile face view. Yet, individual face representations activated as early as the peak of the N170 generalize partially across view