Case Report Inguinal Hernia Containing Uterus, Fallopian Tube, and Ovary in a Premature Newborn

A female infant weighing 2,200 g was delivered at 34 weeks of gestation by vaginal delivery. She presented with an irreducible mass in the left inguinal region at 32 days of age. An ultrasonography (US) was performed and an incarcerated hernia containing uterus, fallopian tube, and ovary was diagnosed preoperatively. Surgery was performed through an inguinal approach; the uterus, fallopian tube, and ovary were found in the hernia sac. High ligation and an additional repair of the internal inguinal ring were performed. Patent processus vaginalis was found during contralateral exploration and also closed. The postoperative course was uneventful. After one year of follow-up, there have been no signs of recurrence

Biofouling of marbles by oxygenic photosynthetic microorganisms

WOS: 000358330800009PubMed ID: 25801371Phototrophic microorganisms disfigure the surfaces of different types of stone. Stone structure is damaged by the activity of photoautotrophic and other microorganisms. However, to date few, investigations have been undertaken into the relationship between microorganisms and the properties of different types of marble. In this study, biological activity of photoautotrophic microorganisms on three types of marble (Yatagan White, Giallo Anticato and Afyon White) was investigated under laboratory conditions over a short period of time. The three types of marble supported the growth of phototrophic microbial communities on their outer and inner layers, turning their original colour from white to a yellowish green colour. The porosity of the marble types facilitated filamentous microbial growth in the presence of water. Scanning electron microscope analysis revealed the accumulation of aggregates such as small spherical, fibrillar, calcified globular bodies on the inner surfaces of the marbles. This suggests that the microscopic characteristics of particular marble types may stimulate the growth of certain types of microorganisms.Office of Scientific Research Projects of Nigde University, Nigde [FEB 2010/31]This research, which was conducted by the corresponding author, was financially supported by the Office of Scientific Research Projects of Nigde University, Nigde, under the code FEB 2010/31. The authors would like to extend their gratitude to Nigde University for her generosity

ATTITUDE TOWARDS COVID-19 VACCINE AND AFFECTING FACTORS IN ADULTS FROM TURKEY

Objective: This study aims to examine the attitude towards COVID-19 Vaccine and its affecting factors in adults from Turkey

Determination of antibacterial activities of isolated Streptomyces strains from soil at Cukurova University in Turkey

WOS: 000322278800001Fourteen Streptomyces strains were isolated from soil samples of five different areas of Cukurova University. Four strains (S35, S47, S48, S50) had antibacterial activity against test organisms which were Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and this antibacterial activity was evaluated by three different media. The strains S47 and S48 showed the biggest zone diameter against test organisms at glycerol-yeast agar medium, on the other hand, the strains S35 and S50 indicated the biggest zone diameter at glucose-asparagine agar medium. As a result, the group and activity of bioactive compounds produced by Streptomyces can be influenced by their nutritional conditions and environmental factors.Cukurova UniversityCukurova UniversityThe authors would like to thank Cukurova University Scientific Research Project Fund for supporting

Age and Growth of the Green Toad, Bufo viridis (Laurenti, 1768) from an Island and a Mainland Population in Giresun, Turkey

WOS: 000298089700019Age structure and some growth parameters of Bufo viridis from the Giresun Island and Giresun province in Turkey were studied by skeletochronology. We studied 56 specimens (41 female, 15 male) from island and 44 (5 female, 39 male) from mainland population. In both populations, age at sexual maturity was 2-3 years in both males and females. Age was ranged from 2-8 years for females and 3-6 years for males in island while 4-7 and 3-8 years in mainland population, respectively. Males and females did not differ in the mean age while SVL and weight were significantly different between males and females in two populations. In addition, we found positive correlations between age and SVL in both sexes in two populations

The Designing of a Gel Formulation with Chitosan Polymer Using Liposomes as Nanocarriers of Amphotericin B for a Non-invasive Treatment Model of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis

Purpose Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by different Leishmania spp., which are transmitted to humans by a bite of infected female sand flies. Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL, oriental sore), visceral leishmaniasis (VL), and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL) are three main clinical forms, however, only CL and VL are seen in Turkey. Cutaneous leishmaniasis is characterized by skin lesion(s) and is one of the most important vector-borne diseases in Turkey with over 2000 cases reported annually in 40 out of 81 provinces. The treatment is usually made invasively and painfully by intralesional injection of pentavalent antimony compounds. Non-invasive and innovative treatment methods are needed as aimed in this study. Methods In the present study, one of the classical antileishmanial drugs, amphotericin B (AmB), encapsulated in liposomes was evaluated using non-invasive design based on chitosan, which is a nontoxic, biocompatible and biodegradable polymer. To avoid the invasive effect of conventional intralesional needle application, the drug was encapsulated in liposomes and incorporated into a chitosan gel for applying topically on the skin lesion. The efficacy of encapsulation of amphotericin B into liposomes and the drug release from liposomes were studied. The chitosan gel was evaluated for viscosity, flowability, appearance and pH. The efficacy of the drug embedded into chitosan gel, liposomal AmB alone and chitosan gel alone in four different concentrations was also tested using Leishmania spp. promastigotes in vitro. Results The findings have shown that AmB was encapsulated into the liposomes with high efficiency (86.6%) and long-term physical and chemical stability. Therefore, designed liposomal formulation was suitable for sustained release. The appearance of the drug-embedded chitosan gel was transparent and appropriate. Chitosan gels showed non- Newtonian behavior and plastic flow. The liposomal AmB also showed higher efficacy with no parasites in all concentrations while drug embedded into chitosan gel and chitosan gel alone were effective in two higher concentrations. The lower efficacy of the drug-embedded chitosan gel in 24 h in in-vitro study was probably due to slow release of the drug. Conclusion The gel design created in this study will provide ease of use for the lesions of CL patients that do not have a specific number, size, and shape. Follow-up studies by the ex-vivo macrophage infection model with Leishmania intracellular amastigote forms and Leishmania-infected animal models are needed to understand the present design's efficacy better.Ege University Scientific Research Projects [17-TIP-004]This project is supported by Ege University Scientific Research Projects (Project number: 17-TIP-004). The authors would like to thank to Ege University Faculty of Pharmacy Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Centre (FABAL) for rheological analysis, and Zeph Nelson Omondi for English editing of the text

Severe allergic reaction to human insulin in the patient with diabetic ketoacidosis

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is an acute and major life-threatening complication of diabetes mellitus. Fluid resuscitation, insulin therapy, and electrolyte replacement are essential for DKA treatment. Rarely, life threatening allergic reactions might develop in a patient treated with insulin. If anaphylaxis develops after insulin, the DKA treatment options are restricted. A limited number of case reports have been reported in patients with severe anaphylactic reactions to human insulin who were then treated with synthetic insulin analogues. We present a case of a 45-year-old male patient with allergic reactions to human insulin. The patient was successfully treated with insulin aspart and hemodialysis. Keywords: Diabetic ketoacidosis, Regular insulin, Allergic reaction, Emergency treatment, Insulin aspar

Investigation of antimicrobial activity of some Turkish pleurocarpic mosses

WOS: 000298544000016In this study, the antimicrobial activities of different extracts from the five pleurocarpic mosses (Platyhypnidium riparioides (Hedw.) Dixon, Leucodon sciuroides (Hedw.) Schwagr., Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw., Homalothecium sericeum (Hedw.) Br.Eur., and Anomodon viticulosus (Hedw.) Hook & Taylor.) were tested aganist eight bacterial and fungal strains. For the extraction, four different solvents (ethyl alcohol, methyl alcohol, chloroform and acetone) were used. While methanolic extracts of P. riparioides showed the highest antibacterial effect against the Gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeroginosa ATCC 27853, acetone extract of A. viticulosus showed the highest antifungal effect against the fungus Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC. All the results were compared with standard antibiotic discs: ketoconazole (50 mu g), amphicillin (10 mu g), eritromycin (15 mu g), penicillin (10 mu g) and vancomycin (30 mu g).Nigde University [FEB2010/35]The authors are indebted to the Research Fund of Nigde University for financial support (Project no: FEB2010/35)

Emergency physicians performed Point-of-Care-Ultrasonography for detecting distal forearm fracture

Objectives: Several studies focusing diagnosis of forearm fracture using Point-of-Care-Ultrasonography (POCUS) had been carried out in children. There is a lack of evidence for the utility of sonographic (US) examination for detecting of distal forearm fracture in adults. We aim to determine the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of POCUS examination for the fracture of the distal radius and ulna in adult patients presenting with blunt forearm trauma. Material and Methods: Adult patients presenting with acute distal forearm trauma and suspicion of fracture were enrolled into study. POCUS had been performed by blinded emergency physicians, than anteroposterior and lateral x-rays was obtained. If inconsistency between x-rays and POCUS has been occurred, computed tomography were ordered. Assessment of orthopedic surgeon was accepted as a gold standard diagnosis. Results: Ninety three POCUS were performed in 90 patients. Fifty nine radius and 19 ulna fracture had been diagnosed. POCUS detected all radius fracture, but missed 2 ulna fracture. There were 4 false positive results for both radius and ulna with POCUS. X-ray missed 4 radius, and 1 ulna fractures. Diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of POCUS for fracture of ulna were 89.5% (CI%95, 65.5–98.1) and 94.6 (CI%95, 86–98.2), for fracture of radius were 100% (CI%95, 92.4–100), and 88.2%. (CI%95, 71.6–96.1). Conclusion: Emergency physician performed POCUS examination is very sensitive and specific the diagnosis of distal forearm fracture. Diagnostic sensitivity of POCUS for radius fracture is higher than x-ray. Keywords: Ultrasonography, Emergency departments, Forearm, Fractur