1,212 research outputs found
Comparing Older and Younger Adults' Traversal Time in Expandable and Non-Expandable Hierarchical Structures
Quantum Monte Carlo Calculations of Pion Scattering from Li
We show that the neutron and proton transition densities predicted by recent
quantum Monte Carlo calculations for A=6,7 nuclei are consistent with pion
scattering from 6Li and 7Li at energies near the Delta resonance. This has
provided a microscopic understanding of the enhancement factors for quadrople
excitations, which were needed to describe pion inelastic scattering within the
nuclear shell model of Cohen and Kurath.Comment: 10 pages, REVTeX, 3 postscript figures; added calculation of elastic
and inelastic pion scattering from 6Li at multiple energie
Quantum statistics in complex networks
In this work we discuss the symmetric construction of bosonic and fermionic
networks and we present a case of a network showing a mixed quantum statistics.
This model takes into account the different nature of nodes, described by a
random parameter that we call energy, and includes rewiring of the links. The
system described by the mixed statistics is an inhomogemeous system formed by
two class of nodes. In fact there is a threshold energy such that
nodes with lower energy increase their connectivity
while nodes with higher energy decrease their
connectivity in time.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure
Highly clustered scale-free networks
We propose a model for growing networks based on a finite memory of the
nodes. The model shows stylized features of real-world networks: power law
distribution of degree, linear preferential attachment of new links and a
negative correlation between the age of a node and its link attachment rate.
Notably, the degree distribution is conserved even though only the most
recently grown part of the network is considered. This feature is relevant
because real-world networks truncated in the same way exhibit a power-law
distribution in the degree. As the network grows, the clustering reaches an
asymptotic value larger than for regular lattices of the same average
connectivity. These high-clustering scale-free networks indicate that memory
effects could be crucial for a correct description of the dynamics of growing
networks.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure
Lyapunov exponents for products of complex Gaussian random matrices
The exact value of the Lyapunov exponents for the random matrix product with each , where
is a fixed positive definite matrix and a complex Gaussian matrix with entries standard complex normals, are
calculated. Also obtained is an exact expression for the sum of the Lyapunov
exponents in both the complex and real cases, and the Lyapunov exponents for
diffusing complex matrices.Comment: 15 page
Antecedent use of fluoroquinolones is associated with resistance to moxifloxacin in Clostridium difficile
ObjectiveMoxifloxacin is characterized by high activity against Gram-positive cocci and some Gram-positive and -negative anaerobes, including Clostridium difficile. This study investigates the role of prior quinolone use in relation to patterns of susceptibility of C. difficile to moxifloxacin.MethodsSixty-three clinical isolates of C. difficile were investigated for toxigenicity, susceptibility to moxifloxacin, and mutations in the DNA gyrase gene. The medical histories for 50 of these patients were available and used to identify previous fluoroquinolone use.ResultsThirty-three (52.4%) strains showed resistance to moxifloxacin (MICs ≥ 16 mg/L). All moxifloxacin-resistant strains harbored a mutation at amino acid codon Ser-83 of gyrA. Forty-five isolates (71.4%) were toxigenic; all moxifloxacin-resistant strains were in this group. Resistance to moxifloxacin was associated with prior use of fluoroquinolones (P-value 0.009, chi-square).ConclusionsAlthough the use of moxifloxacin to treat C. difficile-associated diarrhea is not likely to be common, these data show a relationship between antecedent fluoroquinolone use and resistance to moxifloxacin in C. difficile isolates, and raise questions regarding selection pressure for resistance placed on colonizing bacteria exposed to fluoroquinolones. Mutations in gyrA are involved in moxifloxacin resistance
Stability of shortest paths in complex networks with random edge weights
We study shortest paths and spanning trees of complex networks with random
edge weights. Edges which do not belong to the spanning tree are inactive in a
transport process within the network. The introduction of quenched disorder
modifies the spanning tree such that some edges are activated and the network
diameter is increased. With analytic random-walk mappings and numerical
analysis, we find that the spanning tree is unstable to the introduction of
disorder and displays a phase-transition-like behavior at zero disorder
strength . In the infinite network-size limit (), we
obtain a continuous transition with the density of activated edges
growing like and with the diameter-expansion coefficient
growing like in the regular network, and
first-order transitions with discontinuous jumps in and at
for the small-world (SW) network and the Barab\'asi-Albert
scale-free (SF) network. The asymptotic scaling behavior sets in when , where the crossover size scales as for the
regular network, for the SW network, and
for the SF network. In a
transient regime with , there is an infinite-order transition with
for the SW network
and for the SF network. It
shows that the transport pattern is practically most stable in the SF network.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figur
Hypermagnetic Baryogenesis
We study a new scenario for baryogenesis due to the spontaneous breaking of
the invariance through the interaction between a baryon current and a
hypermagnetic helicity. The hypermagnetic helicity (Chern-Simons number) of
provides a violation background for the generation of baryons
via sphaleron processes, which protects these baryons from the sphaleron
wash-out effect in thermal equilibrium. It is shown that if the present
amplitude of the resultant magnetic fields are sufficiently large, for a wide
range mass scale (from TeV to the Planck scale), the observational magnitude of
the baryon asymmetry of the Universe can be realized.Comment: 8 pages, no figure, accepted in Phys. Lett.
High Pressure Thermoelasticity of Body-centered Cubic Tantalum
We have investigated the thermoelasticity of body-centered cubic (bcc)
tantalum from first principles by using the linearized augmented plane wave
(LAPW) and mixed--basis pseudopotential methods for pressures up to 400 GPa and
temperatures up to 10000 K. Electronic excitation contributions to the free
energy were included from the band structures, and phonon contributions were
included using the particle-in-a-cell (PIC) model. The computed elastic
constants agree well with available ultrasonic and diamond anvil cell data at
low pressures, and shock data at high pressures. The shear modulus and
the anisotropy change behavior with increasing pressure around 150 GPa because
of an electronic topological transition. We find that the main contribution of
temperature to the elastic constants is from the thermal expansivity. The PIC
model in conjunction with fast self-consistent techniques is shown to be a
tractable approach to studying thermoelasticity.Comment: To be appear in Physical Review
Band Gaps for Atoms in Light based Waveguides
The energy spectrum for a system of atoms in a periodic potential can exhibit
a gap in the band structure. We describe a system in which a laser is used to
produce a mechanical potential for the atoms, and a standing wave light field
is used to shift the atomic levels using the Autler-Townes effect, which
produces a periodic potential. The band structure for atoms guided by a hollow
optical fiber waveguide is calculated in three dimensions with quantised
external motion. The size of the band gap is controlled by the light guided by
the fiber. This variable band structure may allow the construction of devices
which can cool atoms. The major limitation on this device would be the
spontaneous emission losses.Comment: 7 pages, four postscript figures, uses revtex.sty, available through
http://online.anu.edu.au/Physics/papers/atom.htm
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