457 research outputs found
Workplace Accommodations for Individuals with Arthritis
This brochure on individuals with arthritis and the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) is one of a series on human resources practices and workplace accommodations for persons with disabilities edited by Susanne M. Bruyère, Ph.D., CRC, SPHR, Director, Program on Employment and Disability, School of Industrial and Labor Relations – Extension Division, Cornell University.
Cornell University was funded in the early 1990’s by the U.S. Department of Education National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research as a National Materials Development Project on the employment provisions (Title I) of the ADA (Grant #H133D10155). These updates, and the development of new brochures, have been funded by Cornell’s Program on Employment and Disability, the Pacific Disability and Business Technical Assistance Center, and other supporters
Interrupting the Pattern: Knowing Why and Respecting Who We Teach
Although research has identified culturally responsive pedagogy (CRP) as vitally important for educators in today’s increasingly diverse classrooms, few studies exist to explore the development of both pre- and in-service teachers’ knowledge about and self efficacy for CRP. This mixed methods study examined pre- and in-service teachers’ perceptions of CRP as well as their CRP self-efficacy. Both pre-service and in-service teachers participated in professional development aimed at improved knowledge and self-efficacy for CRP. Dependent-samples t-tests revealed positive and statistically significant changes in participants’ CRP self-efficacy. Qualitative analyses demonstrated participants worked to better understand their core values (know why they teach), identified a need to better understand their students (respect who they teach), and recognized high expectations for all students as a core principle of CRP
Double radiative pion capture on hydrogen and deuterium and the nucleon's pion cloud
We report measurements of double radiative capture in pionic hydrogen and
pionic deuterium. The measurements were performed with the RMC spectrometer at
the TRIUMF cyclotron by recording photon pairs from pion stops in liquid
hydrogen and deuterium targets. We obtained absolute branching ratios of for hydrogen and for deuterium, and
relative branching ratios of double radiative capture to single radiative
capture of for hydrogen
and for
deuterium. For hydrogen, the measured branching ratio and photon energy-angle
distributions are in fair agreement with a reaction mechanism involving the
annihilation of the incident on the cloud of the target proton.
For deuterium, the measured branching ratio and energy-angle distributions are
qualitatively consistent with simple arguments for the expected role of the
spectator neutron. A comparison between our hydrogen and deuterium data and
earlier beryllium and carbon data reveals substantial changes in the relative
branching ratios and the energy-angle distributions and is in agreement with
the expected evolution of the reaction dynamics from an annihilation process in
S-state capture to a bremsstrahlung process in P-state capture. Lastly, we
comment on the relevance of the double radiative process to the investigation
of the charged pion polarizability and the in-medium pion field.Comment: 44 pages, 7 tables, 13 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.
Search for exotic baryons in double radiative capture on pionic hydrogen
We report a search for low-lying exotic baryons via double radiative capture
on pionic hydrogen. The data were collected at the TRIUMF cyclotron using the
RMC spectrometer by detecting gamma-ray pairs from pion stops in liquid
hydrogen. No evidence was found to support an earlier claim for exotic baryons
of masses 1004 and 1044 MeV/. We obtain upper limits on the branching
ratios for double radiative capture via these exotic states of and respectively.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figure
Observation of double radiative capture on pionic hydrogen
We report the first observation of double radiative capture on pionic
hydrogen. The experiment was conducted at the TRIUMF cyclotron using the RMC
spectrometer, and detected --ray coincidences following stops
in liquid hydrogen. We found the branching ratio for double radiative capture
to be . The measured
branching ratio and angle-energy distributions support the theoretical
prediction of a dominant contribution from the
annihilation mechanism.Comment: 4 Pages, 4 Figures. accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Let
Expression of mitochondrial protein genes encoded by nuclear and mitochondrial genomes correlate with energy metabolism in dairy cattle
Background
Mutations in the mitochondrial genome have been implicated in mitochondrial disease, often characterized by impaired cellular energy metabolism. Cellular energy metabolism in mitochondria involves mitochondrial proteins (MP) from both the nuclear (NuMP) and mitochondrial (MtMP) genomes. The expression of MP genes in tissues may be tissue specific to meet varying specific energy demands across the tissues. Currently, the characteristics of MP gene expression in tissues of dairy cattle are not well understood. In this study, we profile the expression of MP genes in 29 adult and six foetal tissues in dairy cattle using RNA sequencing and gene expression analyses: particularly differential gene expression and co-expression network analyses.
Results
MP genes were differentially expressed (DE; over-expressed or under-expressed) across tissues in cattle. All 29 tissues showed DE NuMP genes in varying proportions of over-expression and under-expression. On the other hand, DE of MtMP genes was observed in < 50% of tissues and notably MtMP genes within a tissue was either all over-expressed or all under-expressed. A high proportion of NuMP (up to 60%) and MtMP (up to 100%) genes were over-expressed in tissues with expected high metabolic demand; heart, skeletal muscles and tongue, and under-expressed (up to 45% of NuMP, 77% of MtMP genes) in tissues with expected low metabolic rates; leukocytes, thymus, and lymph nodes. These tissues also invariably had the expression of all MtMP genes in the direction of dominant NuMP genes expression. The NuMP and MtMP genes were highly co-expressed across tissues and co-expression of genes in a cluster were non-random and functionally enriched for energy generation pathway. The differential gene expression and co-expression patterns were validated in independent cow and sheep datasets.
Conclusions
The results of this study support the concept that there are biological interaction of MP genes from the mitochondrial and nuclear genomes given their over-expression in tissues with high energy demand and co-expression in tissues. This highlights the importance of considering MP genes from both genomes in future studies related to mitochondrial functions and traits related to energy metabolism
Shared genome analyses of notable listeriosis outbreaks, highlighting the critical importance of epidemiological evidence, input datasets and interpretation criteria
The persuasiveness of genomic evidence has pressured scientific agencies to supplement or replace well-established methodologies to inform public health and food safety decision-making. This study of 52 epidemiologically defined Listeria monocytogenes isolates, collected between 1981 and 2011, including nine outbreaks, was undertaken (1) to characterize their phylogenetic relationship at finished genome-level resolution, (2) to elucidate the underlying genetic diversity within an endemic subtype, CC8, and (3) to re-evaluate the genetic relationship and epidemiology of a CC8-delimited outbreak in Canada in 2008. Genomes representing Canadian Listeria outbreaks between 1981 and 2010 were closed and manually annotated. Single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and horizontally acquired traits were used to generate phylogenomic models. Phylogenomic relationships were congruent with classical subtyping and epidemiology, except for CC8 outbreaks, wherein the distribution of SNV and prophages revealed multiple co-evolving lineages. Chronophyletic reconstruction of CC8 evolution indicates that prophage-related genetic changes among CC8 strains manifest as PFGE subtype reversions, obscuring the relationship between CC8 isolates, and complicating the public health interpretation of subtyping data, even at maximum genome resolution. The size of the shared genome interrogated did not change the genetic relationship measured between highly related isolates near the tips of the phylogenetic tree, illustrating the robustness of these approaches for routine public health applications where the focus is recent ancestry. The possibility exists for temporally and epidemiologically distinct events to appear related even at maximum genome resolution, highlighting the continued importance of epidemiological evidence
Characterization of the Megalopal Premoult Stages of the Green Crab, Carcinus Maenas (Decapoda, Portunidae), from Laboratory Culture
The premoult stages of Carcinus maenas (L.) megalopae were described from laboratory-reared larvae. Characterization of the premoult stage sequence was based upon a time sequence of morphological modifications of the distal segment of the second maxilliped, the uropod, and the telson. An intermoult plus seven premoult stages were identified, following a sequence of morphological modifications similar to the one described in previous studies of brachyuran decapods. The later premoult stages
D3
D3
and
D4
D4
mentioned by Drach were not observed, possibly owing to both the low calcification of the megalopae cuticle and the short duration of these moult stages. The knowledge of the time series of moult events will assist in the evaluation of the development state and competence of megalopae throughout the several phases of dispersal and recruitment, based on the observation of their morphological characters
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