Characterization of Key Odorants in Cumberland Rosemary, Conradina verticillata

Conradina verticillata Jennison, commonly known as Cumberland Rosemary, is a threatened plant from the mint family Lamiaceae. This species is a flowering, perennial shrub found in only a few counties of Kentucky and Tennessee. Cumberland Rosemary possesses a unique aroma profile; however, the odorants responsible for its aroma have not been previously identified. In this study, a total of 32 odorants were identified in Cumberland Rosemary using gas chromatography-olfactometry (GC-O) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Odorant flavor dilution (FD) factors were determined through the application of aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA). Seven odorants with FD factors ≥ [greater than or equal to] 64 were quantitated by stable isotope dilution assays (SIDA), and their odor activity values (OAV) were calculated. Odorants with OAV ≥ [greater than or equal to] 1 included 1-octen-3-one (earthy-mushroom, OAV 2900000), 1,8-cineole (eucalyptus, OAV 510000), borneol (earthy, OAV 10000), bornyl acetate (earthy-fruity, OAV 3700), eugenol (spicy, OAV 2200), menthone (mint, OAV 130), and camphor (herbaceous, OAV 72). Sensory analysis confirmed that an odor simulation model, based on the quantitative data, was a close match to the aroma of the plant. Omission studies determined the key odorants within Cumberland Rosemary’s distinct aroma profile. The stereochemistry of selected odorants was also determined by chiral chromatography. These selected chiral odorants included, α-pinene (70% (R)-(+) to 30% (S)-(−)), 1-octen-3-ol (\u3e99% (R)-(−)), menthone (\u3e99% (2S,5R)-(−)), camphor (\u3e99% (R)-(+)), linalool (97% (R)-(−) to 3% (S)-(+)) borneol (57% (1S,2R,4S)-(−) to 43% (1R,2S,4R)-(+)) and carvone (48% (S)-(+) to 52% (R)-(−)). This study established a foundation for future research on the aroma chemistry of C. verticillata and the other 6 members of the Conradina genus

WPS Efforts Underway at the Marine Corps University

This panel presentation will review the WPS efforts underway by Marine Corps University faculty. Moving from macro to micro-level examples, the first presenter will discuss university-wide programs and the second presenter will emphasize the various ways in which WPS has been integrated into the curriculum at the Command & Staff College. The session will begin by tracing the development of a WPS writing award as well as the execution of a WPS Scholars Program – both of which are open to all MCU students and bring together faculty/staff from across the university. The presentation will continue by reviewing specific WPS curriculum efforts at the Command & Staff College– ranging from the delivery of a “Gender, War and Security” elective to the process of integrating WPS considerations into the core curriculum. The speakers’ overarching objective is to share a set of effective WPS interventions in Professional Military Education that could be replicated and built upon by other military education institutions.https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/wps/1013/thumbnail.jp

An evaluation of the falls prevention practice of community-based allied health professionals working in primary care

Objectives: This study aimed to explore allied health professional’s (AHP) current practice and understanding of falls prevention and to investigate self-reported change following a professional development workshop. Methods: Four professional development workshops were designed targeting exercise, home safety interventions, the LiFE program and medication reviews. Self-reported surveys were collected pre, post and at three-month follow-up. Results: Seven workshops were run in Northern Sydney with 161 participants. AHP identified practice barriers were regularly assessing falls risk and collaborating with other service providers. At three months, change in practice was reported by participants in the exercise (88.1%), home safety (48%), LiFE (78.6%), and medication review (62.5%) workshops. Discussion: These findings provide good support for the effectiveness of professional development workshops in knowledge translation for medication review and exercise based interventions. Further studies and initiatives into promoting screening for falls risk and greater collaboration between community service providers is recommended

Synthesis of a Series of Diaminoindoles

[Image: see text] A selection of 3,4-diaminoindoles were required for a recent drug discovery project. To this end, a 10-step synthesis was developed from 4-nitroindole. This synthesis was subsequently adapted and used to synthesize 3,5-; 3,6-; and 3,7-diaminoindoles from the corresponding 5-, 6-, or 7-nitroindole. These novel intermediates feature orthogonal protecting groups that allow them to be further diversified. This is the first reported synthesis of these types of compounds

Sulfonated sporopollenin as an efficient and recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for dehydration of D-xylose and xylan into furfural

The natural acidity of sporopollenin, the biopolymer coating the outer walls of pollen grains, was enhanced by the sulfonation of its surface. Modified sporopollenin displaying sulfonic acid groups has been prepared, characterized by elemental analysis, SEM, EDX, FTIR and XPS and tested as a heterogeneous catalyst in the dehydration of D-xylose and xylan to produce furfural. The optimal reaction conditions involve 10 wt % of sulfonated sporopollenin in the presence of 1.5 mmol of NaCl in a biphasic water-CPME system. When heated at 190 °C, the reaction affords furfural in a yield of 69% after 40 min under microwave irradiation. The time dependence of the dehydration and influence of temperature, pentose loading and positive effect of chloride ions on the reaction rate are reported. It was found that the catalytic system, recharged with the pentose and solvent, could be recycled ten times without loss of performance. The transformation of xylan into furfural at 190 °C for 50 min gave furfural in a yield of 37%

Is there Gender Bias in Key Stage 3 Textbooks?: Content Analysis using the Gender Bias 14 (GB14) Measurement Tool

Abstract Background: In recent times, there has been much interest in the worlds of Science, Technology, Engineering and Maths (STEM) over why a gender gap exists. The gap exists from as early as infancy and continues onwards through to secondary school where it has been shown to influence choice of A-Levels. The result of this gender gap is therefore thought to influence future career options and the longer-term career trajectory. The objective of this study was to develop an instrument that measures overall gender bias, or genderness, within Key Stage 3 textbooks; Textbooks that may exert an influence on an individual’s choice of A-level study, and their subsequent career. Methods: Using descriptors that reflect different aspects of genderness, the Gender Bias 14 (GB14) tool was developed, piloted and tested for inter-rater reliability. The tool was then used to analyse the content of Key Stage 3 textbooks for genderness and a genderness score was generated for each chapter. Results: With high inter-rater reliability, the GB14 tool was used to analyse the content of a selected set of Key Stage 3 2014 National Curriculum science textbooks, from a single publisher, for gender bias and a genderness score was generated. Results have demonstrated that of the 18 chapters across these textbooks, 16 of those chapters were highly male biased. Overall, there were more male images, more male role-models, more male pronouns, more male-gendered words and more occasions where the ‘status’ of the male was ‘improved’ compared to the female measured status. Conclusion: The GB14 analysis tool has determined that the National Curriculum textbooks for Key Stage 3 Science are very highly gendered and have a strong bias towards males which, whilst the impact has not been directly measured here, has the potential to severely disadvantage female students within the classroom. This further adds to the ‘Hidden Curriculum’ which reportedly influences students’ future life choices (Wren, 1999; Blumberg, 2008; Michalec, 2011). The GB14 fulfils modern measurement tool requirements for content validity and provides a global score of genderness severity, present within textbooks

GB14 Analysis Tool

This supplementarty file is the Gender Bias 14 Analysis Tool

Comparison of Single Leg Squat Variations on Lower Limb Muscle Activation and Center of Pressure Alterations

International Journal of Exercise Science 12(1): 950-959, 2019. Following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, individuals experience inadequate functioning of the quadriceps and decreased muscular strength. Decreased function delays return to physical activity and increases potential for re-injury. While several squat variations exist, a new variation has emerged in rehabilitation. The purpose of this study was to compare muscle activation of the Vastus Lateralis (VL), Vastus Medialis (VM), Rectus Femoris (RF), Gluteus Maximus (GM), and anterior posterior center of pressure (AP displacement) alterations during a single leg squat variation (SLS variation) versus a traditional split squat using electromyography (EMG) in healthy active females. Seventeen females performed one set of both squat variations on a force plate while muscle activation was measured. Paired t-tests were used to compare dependent variable (DV) means between squat variations. Results indicated SLS variation yielded lower peak and mean quadriceps activation compared to traditional split squat, (p \u3c 0.05). However, peak and mean GM muscle activity was greater in the SLS variation compared to the traditional split squat, (p \u3c 0.01). Lastly, AP displacement was greater during the SLS variation, (p \u3c 0.001). All three quadricep muscles had greater peak and mean EMG suggesting the traditional split squat be used for quadricep activation in rehabilitation/training settings, while the SLS variation should be prescribed for greater GM muscle activation. Understanding muscle activation patterns amongst squat variations can be practically applied by therapists, coaches and trainers to aid in reducing risks of arthrokinetic dysfunction via synergistic dominance, faster return to physical activity and normal functions of daily activity

Representation of Aging Women in Fashion and Non-fashion Advertisements

The purpose of this study was to investigate how older women are represented in fashion media compared to non-fashion media, based on the social comparison theory