Evidências sobre o uso de leite materno no tratamento dermatológico da pele do recém-nascido: Evidence on the use of breast milk in the dermatological treatment of newborn skin

O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar as evidências sobre o uso de leite materno no tratamento dermatológico da pele do recém-nascido. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida com base em uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura (RSL). A pesquisa foi realizada na Biblioteca Virtual do Ministério da Saúde (BVS) que indexa artigos de diferentes bases de dados como Scielo, Lilacs e MedLine e na PubMed.  Como critérios de inclusão foi considerado ser disponível em formato completo e publicado nos últimos dez anos (2012-2022). Foram excluídos estudos que não respondessem o tema de pesquisa ou que estivessem duplicados nas bases de dados. O uso do leite materno como tratamento dermatológico de pele é potencial, porém, os estudos ainda são escassos e inconclusivos, fazendo-se importante que estudos sejam realizados para que se possa sanar dúvidas sobre o uso do leite materno, considerando ser um tratamento natural e de baixo custo

Uso de AAS em pacientes cardiopatas e ocorrência de Úlcera Perfurada quais as melhores soluções? uma revisão sistemática com metánalise

A administração do ácido acetilsalicílico (AAS) é uma das medidas indicadaspelos médicos em caso de suspeita de infarto agudo do miocárdio. De acordo com os especialistas, o medicamento serve para diminuir a agregação de plaquetas e inibir a formação de coágulos no interior das artérias. O objetivo deste estudo é verificar na literatura o uso do Ácido Acetilsalicílico (AAS) em pessoas cardiopatas e sua possível relação com o aparecimento de úlcera. Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática com base em publicações, dos último cinco anos, que essa temática, extraídas de bases de dados eletrônicas como Scielo, PubMed, Lilacs, BVS, Embase e Medline, em língua inglesa e portuguesa. Dos estudo que se aproximaram do objetivo da pesquisa, muitos não relataram a estreita relação entre o uso AAS e o surgimento de úlcera. Assim, espera-se que este estudo sirva de incentivo para que mais estudos sejam realizados sobre essa temática afim de estabelecer e conhecer se há alguma relação entre o fármaco e a doença

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

First report on the occurrence of Trypanosoma rangeli Tejera, 1920 in the state of Ceará, Brazil, in naturally infected triatomine Rhodnius nasutus Stal, 1859 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae)

The aim of this work was to identify and report the occurrence of Trypanosoma rangeli and Trypanosoma cruzi in naturally infected Rhodnius nasutus (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae) in the state of Ceará, Brazil. Triatomines feces, salivary glands, and hemolymph were collected for fresh examination, and specific detection of T. rangeli and T. cruzi DNA by polymerase chain reaction was carried out. The specific characterization of these two parasites showed the simultaneous presence of both parasites in two (7.7%) of the 26 positive insects. Our results provide further knowledge on the geographical distribution of T. rangeli in Brazil

Ecological aspects of Rhodnius nasutus St l, 1859 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) in palms of the Chapada do Araripe in Ceará, Brazil.

The aim of this work is to present aspects related to the ecology of Rhodnius nasutus Stål, 1859 in palms from Chapada do Araripe in Ceará, Brazil. The following five species of palms were investigated: babaçu (Attalea speciosa), buriti (Mauritia flexuosa), carnaúba (Copernicia prunifera), catolé (Syagrus oleracea) and macaúba-barriguda (Acrocomia intumescens). Fifth palms were dissected (10 specimens for each species). The overall infestation index was 86%, with a total of 521 triatomines collected. The Trypanosoma cruzi Chagas, 1909 Index was 16.8% and two insects presented mixed infection with Trypanosoma rangeli Tejera, 1920. A precipitin test showed that R. nasutus from palms of Chapada do Araripe are associated with opossum and bird although other possible bloodmeals were observed. Our results showing a high index of infestation of the palms as well as T. cruzi infection, the association of R. nasutus with the most diverse species of palms and proximity of these palms to houses demonstrate the importance of this area for sylvatic T. cruzi transmission and suggest the need for epidemiological surveillance in the region of the Chapada do Araripe

USO DE DIFERENTES SUBSTRATOS E DO SUPERFOSFATO SIMPLES NA PRODUÇÃO DE MUDAS DE NESPEREIRA (Eriobotrya japonica Lind)

It was carried out, in the nursery area located at Campus of Federal University of Lavras (UFLA) Minas Gerais, an experiment aiming to evaluate different doses of simple super phosphate and two substrates in plant production of loquat tree. It was tested four doses of simple super phosphate (0; 2.5; 5; 10 kg m-3 of substrate) and two substrates: A (organic compost + sand + soil in 1:1:3 volume proportion) and B ( Plantmax + sand + soil 1:1:3 volume proportion) A randomized block design was used with a 4 x 2 factorial scheme, with four replications and four plants per plot. The following characteristics were evaluated: high of plants (cm); length of root (cm); number of leaves/plant, dry matter of above ground part, roots and total (g/plant). The results showed that for seedlings of loquat tree, it is recommended to mix to substrate the super phosphate fertilizer in doses until 6 kg m-3. Between the substrates, the one the showed more viable was the substrate A (organic compost + sand + soil in 1:1:3 volume proportions)

Susceptibility of Triatoma brasiliensis from state of Ceará, Northeastern Brazil, to the pyrethroid deltamethrin

After controlling Triatoma infestans in Brazil, other species of triatomine that were considered minor in the transmission of Chagas disease became important. The persistence of Triatoma brasiliensis in Northeastern Brazil, associated with reinfection of domestic environments recently sprayed with pyrethroids, may be a signal of susceptibility alteration of this species to this insecticide. Specimens of T. brasiliensis from the municipality of Tauá, state of Ceará, were captured before and one year after spraying. They were submitted to bioassays using deltamethrin. The LD50 ranged from 0.19-0.33 ng of deltamethrin/nymph. The resistance ratio among samples from Tauá varied from 1.16-1.79 in the samples captured before the spraying and 1.00-1.74 in the samples captured one year after spraying, demonstrating that the two populations were equally susceptible to deltamethrin. The small difference in susceptibility between the two captures suggests that T. brasiliensis obtained in the second capture are from new invasions of the domestic environment and that the insecticide did not select resistant individuals. Therefore, it is suggested that T. brasiliensis control be carried out supplementing the regular use of pyrethroids with complementary measures, such as improvement of the dwellings and health education