EUCARIS A DOS OLHOS DOCES E NICANOR, O HERÓI: ANOS DE FORMAÇÃO DE DALTON TREVISAN

A partir da década de 40, houve um número significativo de revistas que alteraram o aspecto literário no cenário brasileiro pós-guerra. Os periódicos são de muita importância para a compreensão de determinada época, porque ao mesmo tempo em que mostram as várias correntes literárias, experimentam novas idéias e formas de pensamento. Centramo-nos na mais representativa do período no Paraná: Joaquim. Ela é tida como porta-voz de uma geração de autores e críticos que, consagrados posteriormente, ali iniciaram suas carreiras. Selecionamos e analisamos dois contos desta revista intitulados: “Eucaris a dos olhos doces” e “Nicanor, o herói”, com a intenção de compreender aspectos estruturais e os possíveis efeitos dessas narrativas do contista Dalton Trevisan. Ele foi o principal contribuidor do periódico em questão, uma vez que, além de seu fundador e diretor, publicou em suas páginas suas primeiras criações literárias. Para o presente estudo, além da pesquisa no periódico mencionado, foram feitas leituras de teorias do conto e de obras determinadas de autores como Edgar Allan Poe e Manuel Bandeira, aludidos nos contos selecionados. Com isso, analisamos a estrutura dos contos selecionados, bem como a inserção dos ideais de modernidade no cenário paranaense através dos textos do escritor curitibano. E também evidenciamos, por meio do diálogo presente nos dois contos, uma das características pertinentes à sua obra: a repetição.           

The health and socio-demographic factors associated with depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic:A cross-sectional study

Introduction: Our objective was to analyze depressive symptoms during the COVID‐19 pandemic and their association with health and sociodemographic factors. Methods: A survey of 4203 adults from ten municipalities was conducted in Mato Grosso state, Amazon region of Brazil. Data collection was done at home, with the collection of sociodemographic characteristics, and aspects of both physical and mental health. The DSM‐5 level 1 cross‐sectional symptom scale was used to identify symptoms of depression, substance use disorders, sleep disturbances, and anxiety. Chemiluminescence was also used to detect IgG anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies. Results: The estimated prevalence of anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies was 12.5% and the prevalence of depressive symptoms was 23.2%. In the multivariate analysis, depression was associated with being male, having a low income, the level of physical activity before the pandemic, chronic illness, substance use disorder, sleep and anxiety disorders. Conclusion: Evidence on depression and its associated factors is critical to understanding the extent of the population situation from which recommendations can be made to guide public policy.Introdução: O nosso objetivo foi analisar a associação entre sintomas depressivos e fatores sociodemográficos e de saúde durante a pandemia de COVID‐19. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo com 4203 adultos de dez municípios do estado de Mato Grosso, região amazônica do Brasil. A recolha de dados foi realizada na residência, com levantamento de informações sobre as características sociodemográficas, aspectos de saúde física e mental. A Escala de Sintomas Transversais de Nível 1 do DSM‐5 foi utilizada para identificar sintomas de depressão, transtorno por uso de substâncias, distúrbios do sono e ansiedade. A quimiluminescência foi utilizada para detectar anticorpos IgG anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2. Resultados: A prevalência estimada de anticorpos anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 foi de 12,5% e a prevalência de sintomas depressivos foi de 23,2%. Na análise multivariada, a depressão esteve associada a ser do sexo masculino, ter baixa renda, nível de atividade física antes da pandemia, ter doença crónica, apresentar transtorno por uso de substâncias, transtornos do sono e de ansiedade. Conclusão: Os achados sobre a depressão e seus fatores associados são essenciais para a compreensão sobre a magnitude do quadro desses sintomas na população, a partir de onde podem ser feitas recomendações que norteiem as políticas públicas

Low-intensity resistance exercise does not affect cardiac autonomic modulation in patients with peripheral artery disease

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effect of a single bout of resistance exercise on cardiac autonomic modulation in patients with peripheral artery disease. METHODS: Fifteen patients with peripheral artery disease (age: 58.3±4.0 years) underwent the following sessions in a random order: resistance exercise (three sets of 10 repetitions of the six resistance exercises with a workload of 5-7 in the OMNI-RES scale) and control (similar to the resistance session; however, the resistance exercises were performed with no load). The frequency domain (low frequency, high frequency and sympathovagal balance) and symbolic analysis (0V, 1V and 2V patterns) of heart rate variability were obtained before and until one hour after the interventions. RESULTS: After the resistance exercise and control sessions, similar increases were observed in the consecutive heartbeat intervals (control: 720.8±28.6 vs. 790.9±34.4 ms; resistance exercise: 712.9±30.1 vs. 756.8±37.9 ms;

Host-defense peptides AC12, DK16 and RC11 with immunomodulatory activity isolated from Hypsiboas raniceps skin secretion

Inflammation is a natural defense mechanism of the immune system; however, when unregulated, it can lead to chronic illness. Glucocorticoids are the most commonly used agents to effectively treat inflammatory conditions, including autoimmune diseases, however these substances can trigger a number of side effects. Thus, viable alternatives to the use of these drugs would be advantageous. In this study, we have analyzed the anti-inflammatory profile of three synthetic peptides first identified in skin secretion of the tree frog Hypsiboas raniceps. Structural characterization was performed using NMR spectroscopy and Mass Spectrometry, and the peptides were tested in vitro in RAW 264.7 cells and in vivo in Balb/c mice for their functional properties. The samples did not show a significant antimicrobial profile. NMR spectroscopy indicated that AC12 (ACFLTRLGTYVC) has a disulfide bond between C2 and C11 and a β-sheet-turn-β-sheet conformation in aqueous solution. This peptide showed no cytotoxic effect in mammalian cells and it was the most effective in reducing anti-inflammatory markers, such as NO, TNF-α and IL-12. Peptide DK16 (DKERPICSNTFRGRKC) demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties in vitro, while RC11 (RCFRRRGKLTC) significantly altered the cell viability in RAW 264.7 but was shown to be safe in Balb/c erythrocytes. Our results indicate that, of the three peptides studied, AC12 is the most efficient in reducing anti-inflammatory markers, and it could be a potential agent for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.publishe

Ficolin-1 and Ficolin-3 Plasma Levels Are Altered in HIV and HIV/HCV Coinfected Patients From Southern Brazil

The complement system is a key component of the innate immune system, participating in the surveillance against infectious agents. Once activated by one of the three different pathways, complement mediates cell lysis, opsonization, signalizes pathogens for phagocytosis and induces the adaptive immune response. The lectin pathway is constituted by several soluble and membrane bound proteins, called pattern recognition molecules (PRM), including mannose binding lectin (MBL), Ficolins-1, -2, and -3, and Collectin 11. These PRMs act on complement activation as recognition molecules of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) such as N-acetylated, found in glycoproteins of viral envelopes. In this study, Ficolin-1 and Ficolin-3 plasma levels were evaluated in 178 HIV patients (93 HIV; 85 HIV/HCV) and 85 controls from southern Brazil. Demographic and clinical-laboratory findings were obtained during medical interview and from medical records. All parameters were assessed by logistic regression, adjusted for age, ancestry, and sex. Significantly lower levels of Ficolin-1 were observed in HIV/HCV coinfected when compared to HIV patients (p = 0.005, median = 516 vs. 667 ng/ul, respectively) and to controls (p < 0.0001, 1186 ng/ul). Ficolin-1 levels were lower in males than in females among HIV patients (p = 0.03) and controls (p = 0.0003), but no association of Ficolin-1 levels with AIDS was observed. On the other hand, Ficolin-3 levels were significantly lower in controls when compared to HIV (p < 0.0001, medians 18,240 vs. 44,030 ng/ml, respectively) and HIV/HCV coinfected (p < 0.0001, 40,351 ng/ml) patients. There was no correlation between Ficolin-1 and Ficolin-3 levels and age, HIV viral load or opportunistic infections. However, Ficolin-3 showed a positive correlation with T CD4 cell counts in HIV monoinfected patients (p = 0.007). We provide here the first assessment of Ficolin-1 and−3 levels in HIV and HIV/HCV coinfected patients, which indicates a distinct role for these pattern recognition molecules in both viral infections

Transcultural adaptation of the Emotion Matching Task: an emotion neuropsychological assessment

Emotions play a central role in children’s relationships. Deficits in emotional understanding have been associated with several neuropsychiatric disorders. In Brazil, however, few psychological instruments are available to assess young children’s emotional development. The objective of the present study was to make a transcultural adaptation of the Emotion Matching Task (EMT). The EMT was translated and adapted by a team of bilingual researches and then back-translated to English. The preliminary versions were assessed by EMT’s authors and by Brazilians specialized judges. The final version was applied in a sample of 50 children between three and six years of age and answered by nine judges in three Brazilian states. The results indicate good semantic equivalence and good agreement with the answers provided (κ= 0.88, Z=95.2, p<0.001). The final version of the EMT was considered appropriate and satisfactory

Consistent patterns of common species across tropical tree communities

Trees structure the Earth's most biodiverse ecosystem, tropical forests. The vast number of tree species presents a formidable challenge to understanding these forests, including their response to environmental change, as very little is known about most tropical tree species. A focus on the common species may circumvent this challenge. Here we investigate abundance patterns of common tree species using inventory data on 1,003,805 trees with trunk diameters of at least 10 cm across 1,568 locations$^{1-6}$ in closed-canopy, structurally intact old-growth tropical forests in Africa, Amazonia and Southeast Asia. We estimate that 2.2%, 2.2% and 2.3% of species comprise 50% of the tropical trees in these regions, respectively. Extrapolating across all closed-canopy tropical forests, we estimate that just 1,053 species comprise half of Earth's 800 billion tropical trees with trunk diameters of at least 10 cm. Despite differing biogeographic, climatic and anthropogenic histories$^{7}$, we find notably consistent patterns of common species and species abundance distributions across the continents. This suggests that fundamental mechanisms of tree community assembly may apply to all tropical forests. Resampling analyses show that the most common species are likely to belong to a manageable list of known species, enabling targeted efforts to understand their ecology. Although they do not detract from the importance of rare species, our results open new opportunities to understand the world's most diverse forests, including modelling their response to environmental change, by focusing on the common species that constitute the majority of their trees