Incidence of mandibular fractures in black sea region of Turkey

Background: The aim of this study is to review the incidence of mandibular fractures in the Black Sea Region of Turkey and to present our treatment protocol. Material and Methods: Data were collected regarding age, sex, etiology, time distribution, site of the fracture and the associated injuries and evaluated. These patients were treated at Ondokuz Mayıs University Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery between 2003 and 2010. Data were collected from patient files in the archive and were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 software. Results: A total of 82 patients with 133 mandibular fractures were included in this study. After the follow up period of the patients, the results were achieved from 58 (70.7%) males and 24 (29.3%) females, whose ages ranged from 5 to 72 years and the mean age was 29. Fractures were most seen in 2008 and the busiest month was August. Falls (40.2%) were the major causes of mandibular fractures followed by traffic accidents and violence. The mandibular anatomical sites of higher fracture incidence were: condyle (34.6%), body and symphysis. The number of the fractures and injuries which were seen in other places such as zygomatic arch, alveolar process, tongue, upper and lower lips, orbita, arms was 14. 53 (64.6%) patients were treated by closed reduction, whereas 13 (15.8%) patients were treated by open reduction. Conclusions: We concluded that our results were widely similar with the studies in developing countries. Socio- economic factors, cultures, geographic conditions and education could affect the etiology of the mandibular fractures and cause different results between the studies conducted in different countries

BISPHOSPHONATE INDUCED OSTEONECROSIS OF THE JAWS AND CURRENT THERAPIES

Bisphosphonates are pharmacological agents which are the potent inhibitors of osteoclastic activity. Nowadays, bisphosphonates are used to treat a variety of bone disease or related complications such as metastatic or osteolytic bone disease, hypercalcemia of malignant origin and osteoporosis. Although, bisphosphonates are significantly reduces the skeletal complications of these diseases, they are inevitably cause a specific osteonecrosis characterized by treatment resistant exposed necrotic bone, especially seen in the jaw bones where the bone turnover is high. Currently there is no definitive treatment for this complication induced by the use of bisphosphonates. The search for new treatments methods to prevent the complications that cause patients to become a victim of the economic and social aspects of this situation is still ongoing. This review is intended to provide information about the chemical structure of bisphosphonates, their mechanisms of action and current diagnosis/treatment methods of the osteonecrosis

Bone height measurement of maxillary and mandibular bones in panoramic radiographs of edentulous patients

Objectives. The purpose of this in vitro study were to determine variation in maxillary and mandibular vertical measurements and to assess vertical bone loss made from panoramic radiographs in edentulous measurements. Study Design. In this descriptive study, a total of 600 panoramic radiograph’s of edentulous patient were examined. The mean ages of edentulous patients were 31 and 87 years respectively. Measurements were made from reference lines drawn from anatomic landmarks on standardized panoramic rediographs. All radiographs were made using a standardized manner by the same technician. Twelve sites were measured on every panoramic radiograph whenever possible, five sites in the maxilla and seven sites in the mandible. Results. In the maxilla all vertical measurements distance were significantly greater in the edentulous men than in the edentulous women (p<0,05). In the mandible all vertical measurements distance were significantly greater in the edentulous men than in the edentulous women (p<0,05). Conclusion. The results of this study may guide clinicians to make primer decision of implant insertion area for implant supported prosthesis in edentulous patient

Is it possible to change of the duration of consolidation period in the distraction osteogenesis with the repetition of extracorporeal shock waves?

In this study we examined the effects of two different repeated Extracorporeal Shock Waves (ESW) on the consolidation period of the distraction osteogenesis (DO) of the rabbit mandible using stereological, radiological and immunohistochemical methods. DO was performed unilaterally in the mandible of 18 New Zealand rabbits (six months old, weighing between 2.5-3 kg). In the consolidation period, rabbits were divided into three groups randomly after the distraction period. The distraction zone of the mandible was received no treatment as controls (E0*2). Group 2 (E 500*2) received ESWT (twice 500 impulses at 14 kV and 0.19 mJ/mm2 energy) in the first and fourth days of the consolidation. Group 3 (E1000*2) treated with ESWT (twice 1000 impulses at 14 kV and 0.19 mJ/mm2 energy) in the first and fourth days of the consolidation period. After the sacrification, radiologically bone mineral density, new bone formation, new fibrous tissue and new vessel formation were analyzed by stereological. It was found a statistically significant difference between the study groups and control group in the bone mineral density measurements and the highest value was in the E1000*2 group. In the stereological analysis, new bone formation was highest in the E1000*2 group and there was a significant difference compared to the other groups (E0*2 and E500*2) (p=0.000). The lowest connective tissue volume was found in the E500*2 and there was a significant difference compared to the other groups (E0*2 and E1000*2) (p=0.000). The volume of the new vessel was highest in the E500*2 and lowest in the E0*2 group. It was found statistically significant difference between the values of the study and control groups. Interestingly, we found that repetition of the 1000 impulses ESWT accelerated the consolidation, 500 impulses ESWT extended consolidation period of the DO

Retrospective analysis of impacted first and second permanent molars in the turkish population : a multicenter study

Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to retrospectively analyze 170 case series of patients with 200 impacted first and second permanent molars. Study Design: Records of 104.408 patients were retrospectively screened in this multicenter study. The chosen study population consists of 170 patients who presented with impacted or retained first and second permanent molar. All patients with impacted first or second permanent molar had undergone clinical and radiographic examinations. The following factors were analyzed: age and gender, frequency, distribution, location, position, the number of impacted tooth, primary and secondary retention, degree of infraocclusion, associated pathologic conditions and treatment method. Results: There were a total of 170 patients (male: 91, female: 79, mean ages 22.69±8.99 years ranging from 13 to 66 years of age) with 200 retained or impacted permanent molars in 104.408 patients. In this study, 200 impacted teeth which were analyzed were 125 molars (62.5%) vertical position, 17 (8.5%) horizontal, 38 (19%) mesioangular, 12 (6%) distoangular, and 7 (3.5%) buccolingual inclination. There were 52 primarily retained (26%) and 32 secondarily retained (16%) molars. 137 (68.5%) molars were asymptomatic. Cystic formation was present in 13 (6.5%) cases. Conclusions: Although the impactions of first and second permanent molars do not occur frequently, it is important to make an early diagnosis in order to start treatment at the optimal time. © Medicina Oral S.L

Characteristics of 351 supernumerary molar teeth In Turkish population

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the demographic profile of supernumerary molar (SM) teeth in people in various regions of Turkey. Study Design: A retrospective analysis was carried out on an initial sample of 104,902 subjects drawn from the ortopantographics files from 10 clinics in 7 Turkish cities with documentation of demographic data, the presence of SM teeth, their location, eruption, morphology, and position within the arch. In one region associated patho­logies and treatments were also evaluated. Results: Three hundred fifty-one SMs were detected in 288 patients, constituting 0.33% of the study subjects, with a greater frequency in females (56.4%). SMs were found more frequently in the maxilla (87.7%) than in the mandible, and distomolars (62.9%) were more common than paramolars. The SMs encountered were mostly of conical shape (45.7%), impacted (81.1%), and in a vertical position (52.1). The 33% of SM teeth were related to impacted molar teeth. Conclusion: The most common complication involving these teeth was soft tissue irritation. Demographic data from such specific extensive studies are crucial for improved diagnosis of SM teeth. Early detection allows for measures against complications and more successful therapy

Volume CXIV, Number 4, November 7, 1996

Objective: Turner syndrome (TS) is a chromosomal disorder caused by complete or partial X chromosome monosomy that manifests various clinical features depending on the karyotype and on the genetic background of affected girls. This study aimed to systematically investigate the key clinical features of TS in relationship to karyotype in a large pediatric Turkish patient population.Methods: Our retrospective study included 842 karyotype-proven TS patients aged 0-18 years who were evaluated in 35 different centers in Turkey in the years 2013-2014.Results: The most common karyotype was 45,X (50.7%), followed by 45,X/46,XX (10.8%), 46,X,i(Xq) (10.1%) and 45,X/46,X,i(Xq) (9.5%). Mean age at diagnosis was 10.2±4.4 years. The most common presenting complaints were short stature and delayed puberty. Among patients diagnosed before age one year, the ratio of karyotype 45,X was significantly higher than that of other karyotype groups. Cardiac defects (bicuspid aortic valve, coarctation of the aorta and aortic stenosis) were the most common congenital anomalies, occurring in 25% of the TS cases. This was followed by urinary system anomalies (horseshoe kidney, double collector duct system and renal rotation) detected in 16.3%. Hashimoto's thyroiditis was found in 11.1% of patients, gastrointestinal abnormalities in 8.9%, ear nose and throat problems in 22.6%, dermatologic problems in 21.8% and osteoporosis in 15.3%. Learning difficulties and/or psychosocial problems were encountered in 39.1%. Insulin resistance and impaired fasting glucose were detected in 3.4% and 2.2%, respectively. Dyslipidemia prevalence was 11.4%.Conclusion: This comprehensive study systematically evaluated the largest group of karyotype-proven TS girls to date. The karyotype distribution, congenital anomaly and comorbidity profile closely parallel that from other countries and support the need for close medical surveillance of these complex patients throughout their lifespa

Yağ dokusu İçeren Nadir Bir Stafne Kemik Kavitesi Olgusu

&lt;p&gt;Stafne bone cavities are firstly reported by Stafne in the angle of mandibles in1942. These cavities are usually located at the lingual side in the area between the mandibular first molar and the mandibular angle, and are not considered rare. They are usually unilateral and casually diagnosed during routine radiographic examination. One of their primary radiological diagnostic features is the characteristic location below the mandibular canal. Because of the diagnostic mixtures between the Stafne bone cavities and other radiolucent lesions, detailed visualization procedures are essential. The Dental Computerized Tomography (DCT) scan is suggested as the most suitable noninvasive diagnostic and follow-up modality for this bony configuration in the posterior mandible. Magnetic Resonans Imagenes (MRI) findings give detailed information to the surgeons about the content of the these cavities.  In this paper, we present a rare case of Stafne Bone Cavity which has fatty content. Its differential diagnosis was carried out with DCT and MRI.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Keywords:&lt;/strong&gt; Stafne bone cavity, adipose tissue, dental computerized tomography, MRI.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ÖZET&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Stafne kemik kavitesi, 1942 yılında ilk defa Stafne tarafından mandibula angulusunda rapor edilmiştir. Bu kaviteler genellikle mandibula angulusu ve mandibuler birinci molar arasında lingualde lokalizedirler ve nadir oldukları düşünülmez. Genelikle tek taraflı ve rutin radyografik muayene sırasında tesadüfen teşhis edilirler. Radyolojik teşhiste primer özelliklerinden biri de mandibuler kanalın altında karakteristik lokasyonlarıdır. Stafne Kemik Kavitesi ve diğer lezyonların teşhis açısından neden olacağı karışıklardan dolayı detaylı görüntülemeler çok önemlidir. Dental Bilgisayarlı Tomografi (DBT) mandibula posteriorundaki bu kemik konfigürasyonlarının teşhis ve takibinde en uygun noninvaziv metod olarak önerilmektedir. Manyetik rezonans görüntüleme (MR), bu kavitelerin içeriği hakkında cerrahlara ayrıntılı bilgi vermektedir. Bu makalede, yağlı içeriğe sahip nadir bir Stafne Kemik Kavitesi olgusu sunulmaktadır. Ayırıcı tanısı, DBT ve MR ile gerçekleştirilmiştir.&lt;/p&gt

Management of Large Residual Cyst in Elderly Patient with Decompression Alone: Case Report

Background/Aim:Residual cysts comprise approximately 10% of all odontogenic cysts. They are more commonly seen in 4th-6th decades of life, and occur due to incomplete previous surgical removal of a radicular cyst; or due to left epithelial remnants stimulated by tooth extraction. These lesions are often treated with enucleation. However, this procedure is not always the ideal treatment solution for elderly people due to the presence of physical and mental disorders, and risk of jaw fracture