Inducing changes in arousal and valence: Comparison of two mood induction procedures

This research examined the relative effectiveness of two mood induction procedures (MIPs) for inducing four specific moods varying along the dimensions of both valence and arousal. Participants were randomly assigned either to an autobiographical recall or to a music and guided imagery MIP and underwent a happiness, serenity, anger, or sadness mood induction. The findings confirmed the effectiveness of the two MIPs in producing changes on both the valence and arousal dimensions of mood. The results also revealed an unexpected greater efficiency of the autobiographical recall than of the combined procedur

Subtle interactions for distress regulation: efficiency of a haptic wearable according to personality

The incorporation of empathic systems in everyday life draws a lot of attention from society. Specifically, the use of wearables to perform stress regulation is a growing field of research. Among techniques explored, the haptic emulation of lowered physiological signals has been suggested to be promising. However, some discrepancies remain in empirical research focusing on such biofeedback (BF) regarding their efficacy, and the mechanisms underlying the effects of these wearables remains unclear. Moreover, the influence of individual traits on the efficiency of BF has been marginally studied, while it has been shown that personality could impact both stress and its regulation. The aim of this study is to investigate the outcome of interactions with these technologies from a psycho-physiological standpoint, but also to explore whether personality may influence its efficiency when other interaction devices are present. Participants had to play a challenging game while a lowered haptic BF of their heart rate was induced on their wrist. Results showed variable efficiency of the wearable among the participants: a subjective relaxation was evident for the participants exhibiting the highest neurotic and extraverted traits score. Our results highlight the plurality of the modes of action of these techniques, depending on the individual and on the level of stress to regulate. This study also suggests that tailoring these regulation methods to individual characteristics, such as personality traits, is important to consider, and proposes perspectives regarding the investigation of stress and regulation systems embedded in wearables

Determination of cognitive workload variation in driving from ECG derived respiratory signal and heart rate

2nd International Neuroergonomics Conference, PHILADELPHIE, ETATS-UNIS, 27-/06/2018 - 29/06/2018Research works on operator monitoring underline the benefit of taking into consideration several signal modalities to improve accuracy for an objective mental state diagnosis. Heart rate (HR) is one of the most utilized systemic measures to assess cognitive workload (CW), whereas respiration parameters are hardly utilized. This study aims at verifying the contribution of analyzing respiratory signals to extract features to evaluate driver's activity and CW variations in driving with regard to cardiac activity. Eighteen subjects participated in the study. The participants carried out two different cognitive tasks requiring different CW demands, a single task as well as a competing cognitive task realized while driving in a simulator. Our results confirm that both HR and breathing rate (BR) increase in driving and are sensitive to CW. However, HR and BR are differently modulated by the CW variations in driving. Specifically, BR is suitable to evidence a variation of CW when driving is not required. On the other hand, spectral features characterizing respiratory signal could be also used similarly to HR variability indices to detect high CW episodes. These results hint the use of respiration to monitor the driver mental state in autonomic vehicles in order to predict the available cognitive resources if the user has to take over the vehicle

Respiration and Heart Rate Modulation Due to Competing Cognitive Tasks While Driving

Research works on operator monitoring underline the benefit of taking into consideration several signal modalities to improve accuracy for an objective mental state diagnosis. Heart rate (HR) is one of the most utilized systemic measures to assess cognitive workload (CW), whereas, respiration parameters are hardly utilized. This study aims at verifying the contribution of analyzing respiratory signals to extract features to evaluate driver’s activity and CW variations in driving. Eighteen subjects participated in the study. The participants carried out two different cognitive tasks requiring different CW demands, a single task as well as a competing cognitive task realized while driving in a simulator. Our results confirm that both HR and breathing rate (BR) increase in driving and are sensitive to CW. However, HR and BR are differently modulated by the CW variations in driving. Specifically, HR is affected by both driving activity and CW, whereas, BR is suitable to evidence a variation of CW only when driving is not required. On the other hand, spectral features characterizing respiratory signal could be also used similarly to HR variability indices to detect high CW episodes. These results hint the use of respiration as an alternative to HR to monitor the driver mental state in autonomic vehicles in order to predict the available cognitive resources if the user has to take over the vehicle

EFFETS DES HUMEURS POSITIVE ET NEGATIVE SUR LES STRUCTURES DE CONNAISSANCES DE TYPE SCRIPT

Most of the works undertaken on the cognition – emotion interaction concerned the study of simple words but few research were interested in the impact of the emotional variations on activation and its propagation within the general knowledge like scripts. The objective of this research consists in studying the impact of moods obtained by induction on the organization of scripts in memory. Four experiments (script generation, generating graded structures, naming actions in automatic and strategic conditions) were carried out in order to test the differential effects of positive and negative moods on these general knowledge. Generally, the results highlight a difference in the access and the organization of the various actions of script according to the centrality between positive and negative moods. The idea of cognitive reorganization in positive mood revealed for the concepts is checked here for scripts.La majorité des travaux menés sur l'interaction entre cognition et émotion a porté sur l'étude de mots simples mais peu de recherches se sont intéressées à l'impact des variations émotionnelles sur l'activation et sa propagation au sein des structures de connaissances comme les scripts. L'objectif de cette recherche consiste à étudier l'impact d'humeurs obtenues par induction sur l'organisation des scripts en mémoire. Quatre expériences (production libre, évaluations, dénominations d'actions en conditions automatique et stratégique) ont été effectuées afin de tester les effets différentiels des humeurs positives et négatives sur ces bases de connaissances. D'une manière générale, les résultats mettent en évidence une différence dans l'accès et l'organisation des diverses actions composant le script selon la dimension centralité entre les humeurs positives et négatives. L'idée de réorganisation cognitive en humeur positive révélée pour les concepts est ici vérifiée pour les scripts

EFFETS DES HUMEURS POSITIVE ET NEGATIVE SUR LES STRUCTURES DE CONNAISSANCES DE TYPE SCRIPT

Most of the works undertaken on the cognition – emotion interaction concerned the study of simple words but few research were interested in the impact of the emotional variations on activation and its propagation within the general knowledge like scripts. The objective of this research consists in studying the impact of moods obtained by induction on the organization of scripts in memory. Four experiments (script generation, generating graded structures, naming actions in automatic and strategic conditions) were carried out in order to test the differential effects of positive and negative moods on these general knowledge. Generally, the results highlight a difference in the access and the organization of the various actions of script according to the centrality between positive and negative moods. The idea of cognitive reorganization in positive mood revealed for the concepts is checked here for scripts.La majorité des travaux menés sur l'interaction entre cognition et émotion a porté sur l'étude de mots simples mais peu de recherches se sont intéressées à l'impact des variations émotionnelles sur l'activation et sa propagation au sein des structures de connaissances comme les scripts. L'objectif de cette recherche consiste à étudier l'impact d'humeurs obtenues par induction sur l'organisation des scripts en mémoire. Quatre expériences (production libre, évaluations, dénominations d'actions en conditions automatique et stratégique) ont été effectuées afin de tester les effets différentiels des humeurs positives et négatives sur ces bases de connaissances. D'une manière générale, les résultats mettent en évidence une différence dans l'accès et l'organisation des diverses actions composant le script selon la dimension centralité entre les humeurs positives et négatives. L'idée de réorganisation cognitive en humeur positive révélée pour les concepts est ici vérifiée pour les scripts

Inducing changes in arousal and valence: Comparison of two mood induction procedures

This research examined the relative effectiveness of two mood induction procedures (MIPs) for inducing four specific moods varying along the dimensions of both valence and arousal. Participants were randomly assigned either to an autobiographical recall or to a music and guided imagery MIP and underwent a happiness, serenity, anger, or sadness mood induction. The findings confirmed the effectiveness of the two MIPs in producing changes on both the valence and arousal dimensions of mood. The results also revealed an unexpected greater efficiency of the autobiographical recall than of the combined procedur

Stress variations and auditory omissions: a pilot study

Neuroergonomics, e-conference, , 11-/09/2021 - 16/09/2021The use of auditory alerts is widespread in peripheral monitoring activities, where the attentional focus of the operator can be diverted from the monitored system toward a secondary task (Hermann et al., 2011). In such activities, an attentional cross-modal phenomenon can arise, leading to omit critical auditory alerts when the operator presents an over-engagement toward a visual task (Dehais et al., 2019). This pilot study had two objectives: - Explore the occurrence of ID (behaviorally defined as the occurence of omissions) during a secondary task imitating those which could take place in large-public contexts (e.g., autonomous driving), and its neurophysiological correlates. - Study the suitability of subtle biofeedback stress reduction and examine whether it affects the occurrence of ID (Béquet, Hidalgo-Muñoz & Jallais, 2020)

Study of potential leakage on several stressed fittings for hydrogen pressures up to 700 bar

International audienceIn order to improve risk analyses and influence the design of the future H2 systems, an experimental study on 'real' leaks qualification and quantification was performed. In H2 energy applications, fittings appeared as a significant leakage potential and subsequently explosion and flame hazards. Thus, as a part of the 'Horizon Hydrogene Energie' French program, four kinds of commercial fittings usually employed on H2 systems were tested thanks to a new high pressure test bench - designed, setup and operated by INERIS - allowing experiments to be led for H2 pressures until 700 bar. The fittings underwent defined stresses representative of H2 systems lifetime and beyond. The associated leaks - when existing - are characterized in terms of flow rate