37 research outputs found

    Design and baseline characteristics of the finerenone in reducing cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in diabetic kidney disease trial

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    Background: Among people with diabetes, those with kidney disease have exceptionally high rates of cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality and progression of their underlying kidney disease. Finerenone is a novel, nonsteroidal, selective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist that has shown to reduce albuminuria in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) while revealing only a low risk of hyperkalemia. However, the effect of finerenone on CV and renal outcomes has not yet been investigated in long-term trials. Patients and Methods: The Finerenone in Reducing CV Mortality and Morbidity in Diabetic Kidney Disease (FIGARO-DKD) trial aims to assess the efficacy and safety of finerenone compared to placebo at reducing clinically important CV and renal outcomes in T2D patients with CKD. FIGARO-DKD is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, event-driven trial running in 47 countries with an expected duration of approximately 6 years. FIGARO-DKD randomized 7,437 patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate >= 25 mL/min/1.73 m(2) and albuminuria (urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio >= 30 to <= 5,000 mg/g). The study has at least 90% power to detect a 20% reduction in the risk of the primary outcome (overall two-sided significance level alpha = 0.05), the composite of time to first occurrence of CV death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or hospitalization for heart failure. Conclusions: FIGARO-DKD will determine whether an optimally treated cohort of T2D patients with CKD at high risk of CV and renal events will experience cardiorenal benefits with the addition of finerenone to their treatment regimen. Trial Registration: EudraCT number: 2015-000950-39; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02545049

    "Herre, hör vÄr bön" : kyrkans förbön i Svenska kyrkans kyrkohandböcker 1942, 1986 och 2017

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    Jag har i denna uppsats gjort en jÀmförande undersökning av kyrkohandböckerna frÄn 1942, 1986 och 2017 kring instruktioner om förbönsmomentet. Genom en innehÄllsanalys av instruktioner och av de fÀrdigformulerande bönerna har jag sökt efter likheter och skillnader under nÄgra teman jag valt: Gud, mÀnniskan, kyrkan.  Resultatet av analysen visar att det skett förskjutningar nÀr man tittar pÄ förbönerna genom de tre valda temana. Gud har gÄtt frÄn att vara en mÀktig hÀrskare som styr sin vÀrld fjÀrran ifrÄn till att framstÀllas som stark och kÀrleksfull och sedan i den senaste av kyrkohandböckerna har Gud flyttat in i mÀnniskan. MÀnniskan har i sin tur gÄtt frÄn att vara nÄgon som behöver bli helgad och förbÀttras av Gud, det Àr Gud som Àr aktiv och mÀnniskan passiv. I de senare kyrkohandböckerna Àr mÀnniskan en Guds medarbetare som aktivt ska ta ansvar för vÀrlden, medmÀnniskan och sig sjÀlv. Bilden av kyrkan skiljer sig ocksÄ mellan de tre kyrkohandböckerna. Det Àr intressant att det i HB86 visar sig tvÄ olika bilder. I HB42 har bilden av kyrkan stark betoning pÄ Àmbete och det nationella, det Àr en Guds kyrka. I HB86 Àr den ena bilden en Guds kyrka som Àr stark, med tydliga drag av att vara överhet, kyrkan Àr vÀrldsvid i en universell betydelse. Den andra har betoning pÄ en vÀrldsvid kyrka som omfattar alla kristna pÄ jorden. Hon kommer underifrÄn och församlingen Àr tydlig. HB17 visar en bild av en vÀrldsvid kyrka som syns i det lokala. Hon relaterar bÄde personligt till individer och till en kollektiv gemenskap. I tolkningen av resultatet diskuterar jag kring hur man kan förstÄ dessa skillnader med hjÀlp av frÀmst Karin Oljelund, Avery Dulles och Ninna Edgardh. DÀr Oljelunds analysmotiv i paren: nÀrhet och distans, individ och gemenskap, inklusivitet och exklusivitet fÄtt bidra med förstÄelser kring mina teman. Dulles Models of The Church bidrar med hur man kan se pÄ kyrka med hjÀlp av olika bilder. Ninna Edgardh bidrar med förstÄelser kring gudstjÀnst i nutiden, och hur förskjutning som synliggjorts kan förstÄs. DÄ kyrkohandböckerna har sin plats i gudstjÀnstlivet inom Svenska kyrkan Àr det i gudstjÀnsten som min diskussion ocksÄ landar.  Jag menar att man kan göra en tolkning av kyrkohandböckernas tydliga förskjutning genom det titthÄl som gÀller förbönen. DÀr gudstjÀnsten gÄr att förstÄs i HB42 som Guds kontrollbehov, i HB86 som mellanhanden mellan Gud och mÀnniskan och i HB17 som frihet i Kristus

    Höra, göra, beröra : En studie om förstÄelser av mening med en symbolhandling

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    In this essay I have tried ways to understand the meaning of the symbolic act that took place in the morning service on November 24, 2019 in Mariakyrkan, GÀvle. I have first tried how the symbolic act can be understood within the dominant tradition of worship in the Church of Sweden, and its historical background in Lutheran Orthodoxy. It is a tradition with a strong emphasis on preaching and teaching, where hearing is the main task of worship. The verbal communication has over the last 50 years had to make way for more sensual communication in worship life. Although the sensuous is more present in today's worship celebrations, it has been difficult to find an understanding of meaning in the symbolic act that has been tried, as it is neither accompanied by any explanation for how it should be interpreted nor be teaching. Then I tested the example against the understanding of symbols that have come from greater liturgical awareness in the Church of Sweden's services. Nor does the result of it provide an understanding of meaning for the example of the intercession stones. What I find after trying the symbol act against the liturgical symbolism that has been resurrected within the Church of Sweden is not a sentence, but rather it is a resistance by being new and has no roots backwards that give it interpretation and/or meaning. To test whether it is possible to find meaning of the symbolic act of newer liturgical theology, I have turned to first Gordon Lathrop and his thinking about ordo, symbols and juxtapositions. Lathrop gave human life space throughout its joy and noise, but it was still not possible to find an understanding of a meaning in the symbolism. At Lathrop there is too strong an emphasis on the sacred things that he brings up as the word, table, bath, prayer. How these sacred things, in different combinations juxtaposition, are crucial to how Lathrop sees a sense of meaning. My example with the intercession stones never ends up in a juxtaposition of the kind necessary to create a voltage field for interpretation according to Lathrop. Nor does the intercession stones have the "depth" of Lathrop's sacred things or allude to them. The result is that it is not possible to find an understanding of a meaning in the symbolic act by Lathrops liturgical theology. I turn to the Liturgical theologians Lena Sjöstrand. Through her dissertation, I find that understanding of a meaning in the symbolic act. Sjöstrand believes that there is a possible meaning, but it cannot be described in words, it is at a level where verbalization or character interpretation is not possible, because at the atmospheric level it is not about intellect but about having confidence that what is happening actually is happening. In the example of the symbolic act of the intercession stones, we need to have a confidence that something is happening, together the worshippers pray Kyrkans förbön; With the help of bodies, stones, music, light, visible, and at the atmospheric level something that is not visible. This is not possible to explain, nor is it necessary to find a common understanding of what is happening

    "Herre, hör vÄr bön" : kyrkans förbön i Svenska kyrkans kyrkohandböcker 1942, 1986 och 2017

    No full text
    Jag har i denna uppsats gjort en jÀmförande undersökning av kyrkohandböckerna frÄn 1942, 1986 och 2017 kring instruktioner om förbönsmomentet. Genom en innehÄllsanalys av instruktioner och av de fÀrdigformulerande bönerna har jag sökt efter likheter och skillnader under nÄgra teman jag valt: Gud, mÀnniskan, kyrkan.  Resultatet av analysen visar att det skett förskjutningar nÀr man tittar pÄ förbönerna genom de tre valda temana. Gud har gÄtt frÄn att vara en mÀktig hÀrskare som styr sin vÀrld fjÀrran ifrÄn till att framstÀllas som stark och kÀrleksfull och sedan i den senaste av kyrkohandböckerna har Gud flyttat in i mÀnniskan. MÀnniskan har i sin tur gÄtt frÄn att vara nÄgon som behöver bli helgad och förbÀttras av Gud, det Àr Gud som Àr aktiv och mÀnniskan passiv. I de senare kyrkohandböckerna Àr mÀnniskan en Guds medarbetare som aktivt ska ta ansvar för vÀrlden, medmÀnniskan och sig sjÀlv. Bilden av kyrkan skiljer sig ocksÄ mellan de tre kyrkohandböckerna. Det Àr intressant att det i HB86 visar sig tvÄ olika bilder. I HB42 har bilden av kyrkan stark betoning pÄ Àmbete och det nationella, det Àr en Guds kyrka. I HB86 Àr den ena bilden en Guds kyrka som Àr stark, med tydliga drag av att vara överhet, kyrkan Àr vÀrldsvid i en universell betydelse. Den andra har betoning pÄ en vÀrldsvid kyrka som omfattar alla kristna pÄ jorden. Hon kommer underifrÄn och församlingen Àr tydlig. HB17 visar en bild av en vÀrldsvid kyrka som syns i det lokala. Hon relaterar bÄde personligt till individer och till en kollektiv gemenskap. I tolkningen av resultatet diskuterar jag kring hur man kan förstÄ dessa skillnader med hjÀlp av frÀmst Karin Oljelund, Avery Dulles och Ninna Edgardh. DÀr Oljelunds analysmotiv i paren: nÀrhet och distans, individ och gemenskap, inklusivitet och exklusivitet fÄtt bidra med förstÄelser kring mina teman. Dulles Models of The Church bidrar med hur man kan se pÄ kyrka med hjÀlp av olika bilder. Ninna Edgardh bidrar med förstÄelser kring gudstjÀnst i nutiden, och hur förskjutning som synliggjorts kan förstÄs. DÄ kyrkohandböckerna har sin plats i gudstjÀnstlivet inom Svenska kyrkan Àr det i gudstjÀnsten som min diskussion ocksÄ landar.  Jag menar att man kan göra en tolkning av kyrkohandböckernas tydliga förskjutning genom det titthÄl som gÀller förbönen. DÀr gudstjÀnsten gÄr att förstÄs i HB42 som Guds kontrollbehov, i HB86 som mellanhanden mellan Gud och mÀnniskan och i HB17 som frihet i Kristus

    Overcoming the struggle of living with type 2 diabetes - diabetes specialist nurses and patients perspectives on digital interventions

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    BackgroundDiabetes self-management education and support (DSMES) is a cornerstone in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It is unclear whether delivering DSMES as a digital health intervention (DHI) might meet the needs experienced by patients with T2DM and diabetes specialist nurses (DSN) of the primary health care system in Sweden.MethodsFourteen patients with T2DM and four DSN participated in three separate focus groups: two groups comprised patients and one group comprised DSN. The patients discussed the questions: "What needs did you experience after your T2DM diagnosis?" and "How might these needs be met with a DHI?" The DSN discussed the questions: "What needs do you experience when treating a patient with newly diagnosed T2DM?" and "How might these needs be met with a DHI?". Furthermore, data were collected in the form of field notes from group discussions at a meeting including 18 DSNs working with T2DM in PHCCs. The discussions from focus groups were transcribed verbatim and analyzed together with the field notes from the meeting using inductive content analysis.ResultsThe analysis yielded the overall theme: "Overcoming the struggle of living with T2DM", which was summarized in two categories: "learning and being prepared" and "giving and receiving support". Important findings were that, for success, a DHI for DSMES must be integrated into routine care, provide structured, high-quality information, suggest tasks to stimulate behavioral changes, and provide feedback from the DSN to the patient.ConclusionThis study highlighted several important aspects, from the perspectives of both the patient with T2DM and the DSN, which should be taken into consideration for the successful development and use of a DHI for DSMES

    Reduction in antibiotic prescribing for respiratory tract infections in Swedish primary care- a retrospective study of electronic patient records

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    Abstract Background Swedish studies on antibiotic use in primary care have been based on one-week registrations of infections. In order to study adherence to guidelines, analyses based on large databases that provide information on diagnosis linked prescriptions, are needed. This study describes trends in management of infections in Swedish primary care particularly with regards to antibiotic prescribing and adherence to national guidelines. Methods A descriptive study of Sweden’s largest database regarding diagnosis linked antibiotic prescription data, the Primary care Record of Infections in Sweden (PRIS), for the years 2008, 2010 and 2013. Results Although the consultation rate for all infections remained around 30% each year, antibiotic prescribing rates decreased significantly over the years from 53.7% in 2008, to 45.5% in 2010, to 38.6% in 2013 (p = .032). The antibiotic prescribing rate for respiratory tract infections (RTIs) decreased from 40.5% in 2008 to 24.9% in 2013 while those for urinary tract infections and skin and soft tissue infections were unchanged. For most RTI diagnoses there was a decrease in prescription rate from 2008 to 2013, particularly for the age group 0–6 years. Phenoxymethylpenicillin (PcV) was the antibiotic most often prescribed, followed by tetracycline. Tonsillitis and acute otitis media were the two RTI diagnoses with the highest number of prescriptions per 1000 patient years (PY). For these diagnoses an increase in adherence to national guidelines was seen, with regards to treatment frequency, choice of antibiotics and use of rapid antigen detection test. The frequency in antibiotic prescribing varied greatly between different Primary Healthcare Centres (PHCCs). Conclusion Falling numbers of consultations and decreased antibiotic prescription rates for RTIs have reduced the antibiotic use in Swedish primary care substantially. Overprescribing of antibiotics could still be suspected due to large variability in prescribing frequency, especially for acute bronchitis and sinusitis. Continuous evaluation of diagnosis linked prescribing data and feedback to doctors is essential in order to achieve a more prudent antibiotic use

    Molecular Epidemiological Analysis of Escherichia coli Isolates Producing Extended-Spectrum ÎČ-Lactamases for Identification of Nosocomial Outbreaks in Stockholm, Sweden

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    From June to October of 2002, a cluster of Escherichia coli isolates producing extended-spectrum ÎČ-lactamases (ESBLs) was detected in Stockholm. The isolates were grouped into two clones, one of which had already circulated in the same area before the outbreak. CTX-M-type ESBLs and coresistance to ciprofloxacin were identified in the strains

    Corrosion of copper in pure O2-free water?

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    Copper exposed to pure, O-2-free water for several months in glass- and metal-contained, well-controlled systems shows no evidence of corrosion, either through hydrogen evolution or through the occurrence of oxidized copper. The results contradict the interpretation of recent experiments where it has been claimed that copper corrodes in pure, O-2-free water far above the very limited extent predicted by established thermodynamic data. Reasons for the different experimental outcomes are discussed. Experimental and theoretical efforts to identify hitherto unknown, potentially corrosion driving species of the Cu-O-H system and studies of copper/water surface reactions are reviewed as background for the present study
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