121 research outputs found

    Pengaruh Pemberian Probiotik Dan Sinbiotik Pada Anak Dengan Diare Akut Di Rsup Prof. Dr.r.d Kandou Manado

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    : Acute diarrhea is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children in developing countries. Probiotics and synbiotic can improve intra-intestinal ecology that is effective for preventing and treating acute diarrhea. Several studies have proven the benefits of probiotics and synbiotic as adjunctive therapy in acute diarrhea. However, research on the comparative effectiveness between probiotics and synbiotik limited. The purpose of this study to determine differences in the duration and frequency of diarrhea after being given the probiotic and synbiotic in children with acute diarrhea. Type of research is a randomized controlled clinical trial, double blind in 40 children aged 1-14 years in the department of Prof.dr.RD Kandou Manado were divided into groups of probiotics and synbiotic. The results of this research, more men (52%) than women (48%). Age group 0-1 years are the age group most the 18 patients. There was no significant difference between the duration of diarrhea was 2.6 days probiotic group (SD 0.48) and sinbiotik 2.9 days (SD 0.64) p = 0.211. No difference between probiotics and synbiotic frequency (p> 0.05 ). Conclusions in this study showed no difference between probiotics and synbiotic effect in shortening the duration and frequency of acute diarrhea in childre

    Immune Reconstitution and Thymic Involution in the Acute and Delayed Hematopoietic Radiation Syndromes

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    Lymphoid lineage recovery and involution after exposure to potentially lethal doses of ionizing radiation have not been well defined, especially the long-term effects in aged survivors and with regard to male / female differences. To examine these questions, male and female C57BL/6 mice were exposed to lethal radiation at 12 weeks of age in a model of the Hematopoietic-Acute Radiation Syndrome, and bone marrow, thymus, spleen and peripheral blood examined up to 24 months of age for the lymphopoietic Delayed Effects of Acute Radiation Exposure. Aged mice showed myeloid skewing and incomplete lymphocyte recovery in all lymphoid tissues. Spleen and peripheral blood both exhibited a mono-phasic recovery pattern while thymus demonstrated a bi-phasic pattern. Naïve T cells in blood and spleen and all subsets of thymocytes were decreased in aged irradiated mice compared to age-matched non-irradiated controls. Of interest, irradiated males experienced significantly improved reconstitution of thymocyte subsets and peripheral blood elements compared to females. Bone marrow from aged irradiated survivors was significantly deficient in the primitive lymphoid-primed multipotent progenitors and common lymphoid progenitors, which were only 8–10% of levels in aged-matched non-irradiated controls. Taken together, these analyses define significant age- and sex-related deficiencies at all levels of lymphopoiesis throughout the lifespan of survivors of the Hematopoietic-Acute Radiation Syndrome, and may provide a murine model suitable for assessing the efficacy of potential medical countermeasures and therapeutic strategies to alleviate the severe immune suppression that occurs after radiation exposure

    Carotid Intima-Media Thickness and Presence or Absence of Plaque Improves Prediction of Coronary Heart Disease Risk. The ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities) Study

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    We evaluated whether carotid intima-media thickness (C-IMT) and the presence or absence of plaque improved coronary heart disease (CHD) risk prediction when added to traditional risk factors (TRF)

    Monitoring local well-being in environmental interventions: a consideration of practical trade-offs

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    Within the field of environmental management and conservation, the concept of well-being is starting to gain traction in monitoring the socio-economic and cultural impact of interventions on local people. Here we consider the practical trade-offs policy makers and practitioners must navigate when utilizing the concept of well-being in environmental interventions. We first review current concepts of well-being before considering the need to balance the complexity and practical applicability of the definition used and to consider both positive and negative components of well-being. A key determinant of how well-being is operationalized is the identity of the organization wishing to monitor it. We describe the trade-offs around the external and internal validity of different approaches to measuring well-being and the relative contributions of qualitative and quantitative information to understanding well-being. We explore how these trade-offs may be decided as a result of a power struggle between stakeholders. Well-being is a complex, multi-dimensional, dynamic concept that cannot be easily defined and measured. Local perspectives are often missed during the project design process as a result of the more powerful voices of national governments and international NGOs, so for equity and local relevance it is important to ensure these perspectives are represented at a high level in project design and implementation

    Taking reincarnation seriously: Critical discussion of some central ideas from John Hick

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    Reincarnation has not been entirely neglected in the philosophy of religion but it has not always been taken seriously or carefully discussed in relation to its role in believers’ lives. John Hick is exceptional insofar as he gave sustained attention to the belief, at least as it features in the philosophies of Vedānta and Buddhism. While acknowledging the value of Hick’s recognition of the variety of reincarnation beliefs, this article critically engages with certain aspects of his approach. It argues that Hick’s search for a ‘criterion’ of reincarnation is misguided, and that his distinction between ‘factual’ and ‘mythic’ forms of the doctrine is over-simplifying

    Prediction of Incident Heart Failure in General Practice: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study

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    A simple and effective heart failure (HF) risk score would facilitate the primary prevention and early diagnosis of HF in general practice. We examined the external validity of existing HF risk scores, optimized a 10-year HF risk function, and examined the incremental value of several biomarkers, including N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide

    Priorities for synthesis research in ecology and environmental science

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    ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We thank the National Science Foundation grant #1940692 for financial support for this workshop, and the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis (NCEAS) and its staff for logistical support.Peer reviewedPublisher PD
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