Identification and quantitative analysis of rice aroma compounds in black jasmine and Sung-yod Korat rice from Nakhon-Ratchasima province, Thailand / Vanida Choomuenwai

Black jasmine and Sung-yod Korat rice were two new types of rice promoted to cultivar in Nakhon Ratchasima province, Thailand. This research aimed to identify and quantitatively compare rice aroma compounds in black jasmine rice with aromatic compounds in Sung-yod Korat rice. Headspace was used to collect and concentrate the compounds in rice. The rice was preheated in headspace, and subsequent GC-MS analysis was performed. The identification was confirmed by comparing both mass spectra and retention values of 2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) standards and samples. 2AP was reported as the key aromatic compound for aromatic rice. The results showed that the concentration of 2AP in black jasmine rice and Sung-yod Korat rice were 0.77± 0.03, and 0.52± 0.01 ppm, respectively

De quelques catéchismes créoles anciens: oublis, pertes, disparitions, réapparitions, découvertes

Il existe, dans le très vaste domaine des études postcoloniales, des territoires contigus ou semblables qui connaissent des phénomènes communs mais aux histoires très différentes, sinon radicalement opposées : tels les catéchismes - en langues romanes - fruit de la colonisation. Plus précisément, à l’histoire des catéchismes issus de la colonisation hispano-américaine, s’oppose l’histoire des catéchismes issus de la colonisation française, de l’Amérique et d’ailleurs. Ces derniers arrivent un siècle et demi environ après les espagnols et se manifestent de tout autre manière ; différents en sont l’époque, la scène et les acteurs : les destinateurs mais surtout les destinataires. Ce travail se propose de retracer l’histoire souvent aventureuse des plus anciens catéchismes des colonies ou ex-colonies françaises de la Caraïbe et de l’Océan Indien ; écrits en créole ou, parfois, en d’autres langues autochtones, ils constituent aussi des témoignages linguistiques absolument précieux. Rédigés généralement sur place, mais non toujours publiés, leur histoire est faite d’oublis, pertes, disparitions, réapparitions et découvertes. - - - In the wide field of postcolonial studies, there exist related or similar areas whose stories are nevertheless very different, if not indeed opposed. This is the case of catechisms in Romance languages (or of Romance origin), outcomes of European colonization. In particular, contradictions between the history of catechisms from Hispanic-American colonization and the catechisms produced by French colonization, in America and elsewhere. The latter appear a century and a half after the Spanish texts, and exhibit completely distinct characteristics: different periods, settings, actors, and especially recipients. I set out to recount the often adventurous history of the oldest catechisms in the French colonies, or ex-colonies, of the Caribbean and the Indian Ocean. Written in Creole or sometimes other indigenous languages, they are precious linguistic records. Compiled in the colonies, but not always published, these texts are often forgotten, lost, misplaced, resurfaced, discovered

The discovery, synthesis and antimalarial evaluation of natural product ​based polyamine alkaloids

Bioassay-​guided fractionation of an antimalarial ext. derived from the fungus Ramaria subaurantiaca afforded the known polyamine alkaloid, pistillarin. Nine pistillarin analogs were synthesized via EDC-​mediated chem. and these compds. along with the previously reported natural product polyamines, ianthelliformisamines A-​C and spermatinamine, were evaluated against Plasmodium falciparum (3D7) parasites and a normal human cell line to det. parasite-​specific activity. Spermatinamine (IC50 0.23 μM) and pistillarin (IC50 1.9 μM) were the two most potent antimalarials identified during these studies

Entonalactams A–C : isoindolinone derivatives from an Australian rainforest fungus belonging to the genus Entonaema

Bioassay-guided fractionation of an antimalarial DCM/MeOH extract derived from the Australian rainforest fungus Entonaema sp. resulted in the isolation of three new isoindolinone derivatives, entonalactams A-C (1-3), along with the known natural products 3-methoxy-5-methylbenzene-1,2-diol (4), daldinal B (5), and ergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one (6). The chemical structures of the new secondary metabolites were determined following extensive 1D/2D NMR and MS data analysis. A single crystal X-ray structure for entonalactam A (1) confirmed the NMR-based structure assignment. Entonalactams A-C (1-3) were all determined to be racemic based on chiro-optical data. All secondary metabolites were tested in vitro against Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasites, and ergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one (6) was identified as the most active compound with 66% inhibition at 50 μM

Pyridocoumarin, aristolactam and aporphine alkaloids from the Australian rainforest plant Goniothalamus australis

Chemical investigation of the CH2Cl2/CH3OH extracts from aerial parts of the Australian plant Goniothalamus australis has resulted in the isolation of two pyridocoumarin alkaloids, goniothalines A (1) and B (2) as well as eight known natural products, aristolactam AII (3), enterocarpam II (4), caldensine (5), sauristolactam (6), (−)-anonaine (7), asimilobine (8), altholactone (9) and (+)-goniofufurone (10). The chemical structures of all compounds were determined by extensive spectroscopic and spectrometric analysis. Methylation of 2 using TMS-diazomethane afforded 1, which unequivocally established that both 1 and 2 possessed a 10-methyl-2H-pyrano[2,3-f]quinolin-2-one skeleton. These pyridocoumarin alkaloids are putatively proposed to arise biosynthetically from an aporphinoid precursor. Compounds 1–10 were evaluated for in vitro antimalarial activity against a chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum line (3D7). Sauristolactam (6) and (−)-anonaine (7) exhibited the most potent antiparasitic activity with IC50 values of 9 and 7 μM, respectively