Improving the Forward Link of the Future Airport Data Link by Space-Time Coding

In the context of the future communication system for the airport surface operations (AeroMACS), we investigate the 2×1 Alamouti scheme applied to the 802.16e standard for improving the performance of the forward link. We propose a novel space-time coding realization which preserves the original frame structure of WiMAX, analyzing its performance in a realistic airport environment. Simulation results show the performance of the system over different scenarios

Educación Física : Debates y tensiones de su campo académico. Los debates y tensiones relativos al movimiento

El presente trabajo forma parte del proyecto de investigación Educación Física: debates y tensiones de su campo académico (11H646), desarrollado entreenero de 2012 y diciembre de 2013, dirigido por Carlos Carballo. A su vez, este proyecto es continuidad de otro denominado Primer Diccionario Crítico de la Educación Física Académica en Argentina (11H493), llevado a cabo entre enero de 2008 y diciembre de 2011, bajo la misma dirección. El Diccionario permitió reconocer los términos más frecuentemente utilizados en el campo académico de la Educación Física (en ponencias y conferencias, artículos y capítulos de libros, investigaciones y tesis de posgrado), y con ellos identificar los elementos críticos que delinean ese campo. El actual proyecto retoma esas cuestiones y organiza cinco zonas de debate: - Los debates relativos a la denominación del campo (Educación Física). - Las posiciones adoptadas en torno al cuerpo. - Las definiciones en relación con el movimiento. - Los problemas vinculados a los contenidos de las prácticas de enseñanza. - Las cuestiones derivadas de los sujetos y los ámbitos de las prácticas. Esta ponencia, en particular, parte del análisis efectuado sobre dos términos muy presentes en los discursos y prácticas del campo de la Educación Física como son Movimiento y Motricidad, observándose una polisemia sincrónica y diacrónica en el uso histórico de dichos términos que da cuenta de distintas posturas, tensiones y debates epistémicos al interior del áreaFil: Carballo, Carlos Gabriel. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.Fil: Di Domizio, Débora Paola. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación. Instituto de Investigaciones en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales (UNLP-CONICET); Argentina.Fil: Crespo, Bettina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación. Instituto de Investigaciones en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales (UNLP-CONICET); Argentina.Fil: Chiani, Laura. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación. Instituto de Investigaciones en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales (UNLP-CONICET); Argentina.Fil: Achucarro, Santiago. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación. Instituto de Investigaciones en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales (UNLP-CONICET); Argentina

Antiretroviral Therapy with Protease Inhibitors Has an Early, Immune Reconstitution–Independent Beneficial Effect on<i>Candida</i>Virulence and Oral Candidiasis in Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Subjects

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Investigation on the evolution of Shiga Toxin-converting phages based on whole genome sequencing

Bacteriophages are pivotal elements in the dissemination of virulence genes. The main virulence determinants of Shiga Toxin producing E. coli, Shiga Toxins (Stx), are encoded by genes localized in the genome of lambdoid bacteriophages. Stx comprise two antigenically different types, Stx1 and Stx2, further divided into subtypes. Among these, certain Stx2 subtypes appear to be more commonly occurring in the most severe forms of the STEC disease, haemorrhagic colitis and haemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). This study aimed at obtaining insights on the evolution of Stx2 bacteriophages, due to their relevance in public health, and we report here on the analysis of the genomic structure of Stx2 converting phages in relation with the known reservoir of the E. coli strains harboring them. Stx2-converting phages conveying the genes encoding different stx2 subtypes have been isolated from STEC strains and their whole genomes have been sequenced, analyzed and compared to those of other Stx2 phages available in the public domain. The phages' regions containing the stx2 genes have been analyzed in depth allowing to make inference on the possible mechanisms of selection and maintenance of certain Stx2 phages in the reservoir. The 'stx regions' of different stx2 gene subtypes grouped into three different evolutionary lines in the comparative analysis, reflecting the frequency with which these subtypes are found in different animal niches, suggesting that the colonization of specific reservoir by STEC strains could be influenced by the Stx phage that they carry. Noteworthy, we could identify the presence of nanS-p gene exclusively in the 'stx regions' of the phages identified in STEC strains commonly found in cattle. As a matter of fact, this gene encodes an esterase capable of metabolizing sialic acids produced by submaxillary glands of bovines and present in great quantities in their gastrointestinal tract

La infancia maltratada: valor y función de la educación física ante el cuerpo del niño como presa

El presente escrito no es un texto académico en sentido estricto: carece de suficientes citas eruditas y de referencias teóricas precisas; no tiene un objetivo determinado por una indagación cuidadosamente diseñada ni comprueba una hipótesis. Por momentos, parece un ensayo; pero carece de la agudeza y la profundidad que al género se le exige. Es, en todo caso y como expresa el título, un conjunto de reflexiones de modesta factura. Pero trata de preservar con la mayor fidelidad posible la naturaleza política desde la cual fue escrito;y, por cierto, la idea de no abandonar la partida aunque el entorno hoy sea tan hostil respecto de los ideales de igualdad. Las tareas que pensé en aquel momento como asignaturas básicas de un programa de gestión basado en la inclusión cobran, merced al ascenso de la derecha al poder del Estado, nuevos y más profundos significados que espero compartir con los lectores.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Educación Física: debates y tensiones de su campo académico : Los debates y tensiones relativos al movimiento

El presente trabajo forma parte del proyecto de investigación Educación Física: debates y tensiones de su campo académico (11H646), desarrollado entre enero de 2012 y diciembre de 2013, dirigido por Carlos Carballo. A su vez, este proyecto es continuidad de otro denominado Primer Diccionario Crítico de la Educación Física Académica en Argentina (11H493), llevado a cabo entre enero de 2008 y diciembre de 2011, bajo la misma dirección. El Diccionario permitió reconocer los términos más frecuentemente utilizados en el campo académico de la Educación Física (en ponencias y conferencias, artículos y capítulos de libros, investigaciones y tesis de posgrado), y con ellos identificar los elementos críticos que delinean ese campo. El actual proyecto retoma esas cuestiones y organiza cinco zonas de debate: - Los debates relativos a la denominación del campo (Educación Física). - Las posiciones adoptadas en torno al cuerpo. - Las definiciones en relación con el movimiento. - Los problemas vinculados a los contenidos de las prácticas de enseñanza. - Las cuestiones derivadas de los sujetos y los ámbitos de las prácticas. Esta ponencia, en particular, parte del análisis efectuado sobre dos términos muy presentes en los discursos y prácticas del campo de la Educación Física como son Movimiento y Motricidad, observándose una polisemia sincrónica y diacrónica en el uso histórico de dichos términos que da cuenta de distintas posturas, tensiones y debates epistémicos al interior del área.Departamento de Educación Físic

Plant antibodies for human antifungal therapy

There is an increasing interest in the development of therapeutic antibodies (Ab) to improve the control of fungal pathogens, but none of these reagents is available for clinical use. We previously described a murine monoclonal antibody (mAb 2G8) targeting β-glucan, a cell wall polysaccharide common to most pathogenic fungi, which conferred significant protection against Candida albicans, Aspergillus fumigatus and Cryptococcus neoformans in animal models. Transfer of this wide-spectrum, antifungal mAb into the clinical setting would allow the control of most frequent fungal infections in many different categories of patients. To this aim, two chimeric mouse-human Ab derivatives from mAb 2G8, in the format of complete IgG or scFv-Fc, were generated, transiently expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana plants and purified from leaves with high yields (approximately 50 mg Ab/kg of plant tissues). Both recombinant Abs fully retained the β-glucan-binding specificity and the antifungal activities of the cognate murine mAb against C. albicans. In fact, they recognized preferentially β1,3-linked glucan molecules present at the fungal cell surface and directly inhibited the growth of C. albicans and its adhesion to human epithelial cells in vitro. In addition, both the IgG and the scFv-Fc promoted C. albicans killing by isolated, human polymorphonuclear neutrophils in ex vivo assays and conferred significant antifungal protection in animal models of systemic or vulvovaginal C. albicans infection. These recombinant Abs represent valuable molecules for developing novel, plant-derived immunotherapeutics against candidiasis and, possibly, other fungal diseases

A novel glyco-conjugate vaccine against fungal pathogens

To generate a vaccine to protect against a variety of human pathogenic fungi, we conjugated laminarin (Lam), a well-characterized but poorly immunogenic β-glucan preparation from the brown alga Laminaria digitata, with the diphtheria toxoid CRM197, a carrier protein used in some glyco-conjugate bacterial vaccines. This Lam-CRM conjugate proved to be immunogenic and protective as immunoprophylactic vaccine against both systemic and mucosal (vaginal) infections by Candida albicans. Protection probably was mediated by anti-β-glucan antibodies as demonstrated by passive transfer of protection to naive mice by the whole immune serum, the immune vaginal fluid, and the affinity-purified anti-β-glucan IgG fractions, as well as by administration of a β-glucan–directed IgG2b mAb. Passive protection was prevented by adsorption of antibodies on Candida cells or β-glucan particles before transfer. Anti-β-glucan antibodies bound to C. albicans hyphae and inhibited their growth in vitro in the absence of immune-effector cells. Remarkably, Lam-CRM–vaccinated mice also were protected from a lethal challenge with conidia of Aspergillus fumigatus, and their serum also bound to and markedly inhibited the growth of A. fumigatus hyphae. Thus, this novel conjugate vaccine can efficiently immunize and protect against two major fungal pathogens by mechanisms that may include direct antifungal properties of anti-β-glucan antibodies

Antibodies against a β-glucan-protein complex of Candida albicans and its potential as indicator of protective immunity in candidemic patients

Sera from candidemic and non-candidemic subjects were examined for antibodies against the cell wall β1,3- and β1,6-glucans, as well as the β-glucan-associated protein MP65 of Candida species. Although antibodies against each of the above components were detected in all subjects, candidemic patients had lower antibody titers against β1,3-glucan, but higher antibody titers against β1,6-glucan and MP65, than non-candidemic subjects. The elevated levels of anti-β1,6-glucan and -MP65 antibodies found in candidemic patients were independent on the patient risk category, APACHE II score, presence of co-morbidities, β1,3-glucanemia level, Candida isolate, and antifungal treatment. Interestingly, however, the anti-MP65, but not the anti-β1,6-glucan antibodies, of candidemic patients had higher titers in survivors than in non-survivors, particularly in those subject categories with the highest mortality (&gt;65-years old, diabetic, or septic shock patients). Thus, candidemic patients are capable of boosting anti-Candida immune responses upon infection, and some of these responses might be associated to the generation of protective immunity in patients with candidemia

A cross-sectional study in four provinces of Mozambique: Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in Mozambique

Funding Information: The National Surveillance of Diarrhea was supported by a Senior Fellowship awarded to Nilsa de Deus by the European Foundations Initiative for African Research into Neglected Tropical Diseases (EFINTD, grant number 98539), the World Health Organization, a Master Fellowship funded by the Italian Agency for Development Cooperation (AICS) project AID10524, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, grant number JO369/5–1)—where Adilson Fernando Loforte Bauhofer and Assucênio Chissaque are fellows, GAVI (Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization) through Health System Strengthening (HSS), and Fundo Nacional de Investigação (FNI). The protocol was approved by the National Bioethics Committee for Health of Mozambique (IRB00002657, reference number: 348/CNBS/13), and each caregiver gave written informed consent to authorize their child's participation. The authors want to thank the parents or guardians who consented to their children's enrollment in the surveillance program. The authors acknowledge Dr. Octávio Jossai, the National Reference Laboratory of Microbiology team, all the focal points, and the provincial field teams who helped to conduct this study. Funding Information: The National Surveillance of Diarrhea was supported by a Senior Fellowship awarded to Nilsa de Deus by the European Foundations Initiative for African Research into Neglected Tropical Diseases (EFINTD, grant number 98539), the World Health Organization, a Master Fellowship funded by the Italian Agency for Development Cooperation (AICS) project AID10524, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, grant number JO369/5–1)—where Adilson Fernando Loforte Bauhofer and Assucênio Chissaque are fellows, GAVI (Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization) through Health System Strengthening (HSS), and Fundo Nacional de Investigação (FNI). Publisher Copyright: © 2022Objectives: Analyze the frequency of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) pathotypes and their antimicrobial resistance profiles among children aged <15 years with diarrhea in four Mozambican provinces. Methods: A cross-sectional hospital-based surveillance program of diarrhea was implemented in Maputo, Sofala, Zambézia, and Nampula. A single stool sample was collected from each child from May 2014 to May 2017. Culture methods and biochemical characterization were performed to detect E. coli strains. DEC pathotypes were determined by conventional polymerase chain reaction targeting specific virulence genes. Antimicrobial susceptibility was assessed by the Kirby–Bauer method. Results: From 723 specimens analyzed by culture, 262 were positive for E. coli. A total of 208 samples were tested by polymerase chain reaction for DEC identification, of which 101 (48.6%) were positive for a DEC pathotype. The predominant pathotypes were enteroaggregative (66.3%, 67/101), enteropathogenic (15.8%, 16/101), enterotoxigenic (13.9%, 14/101), and enteroinvasive E. coli (4.0%, 4/101). No Shiga toxin–producing E. coli was identified. Regardless of the province, the most frequent pathotype was enteroaggregative E. coli. Isolated DEC presented high frequency of resistance to ampicillin (97.8%), tetracycline (68.3%), chloramphenicol (28.4%), nalidixic acid (19.5%), and gentamicin (14.4%). Conclusion: Children with diarrhea in Mozambique had DEC and higher resistance to ampicillin and tetracycline.publishersversionpublishe