THE EFFECT OF APPLIED DIRECTION OF KINESIO TAPING IN ANKLE MUSCLE STRENGTH AND FLEXIBILITY

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of applied direction of Kinesio taping (KT) in ankle range of motion and calf muscle strength. Twenty healthy subjects voluntarily participated in this study. The ankle plantar flexor muscle strength and ankle dorsiflexion ROM were assessed in knee flexion and knee extension before and after taping applied. Two applied directions, heel to posterior of knee cap (insertion to origin of calf muscles) and posterior of knee cap to heel (origin to insertion of calf muscles) were applied over both side of calf muscles, respectively. The results had not showed significantly difference in any of the results. The beneficial effects of applied direction of KT has not provided scientific evidence in this study. Future study may be able to seek other methods to identify the effect on strength or flexibility while KT applied

THE BALANCE EFFECT OF REARFOOT WEDGES WITH DIFFERENT HEIGHT FOR COLLEGIATE STUDENTS WITH CHRONIC ANKLE INSTABILITY: PILOT STUDY

Chronic ankle instability (CAI) is caused by recurrent lateral ankle sprain. Foot orthotic is one option of treatment. The purpose of this study was to determinate the balance effect of rearfoot wedges with different height in collegiate students with chronic ankle instability. Eight collegiate students with CAI subjects were voluntarily particapated in this study. The area of center of pressure was used as balance variable of outcome measurement. Seven height of rearfoot wedge was used to test, included 0°, 2°, 4°, 6° of medial wedge and 2°, 4°, 6° of lateral wedge. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze the difference among sevent height of wedge intervention in CAI group. The results were showed no significantly difference among seven height of wedge intervention. However, we found a trend of balance improvement with the wedge intervention, especially in 4 degrees of medial wedge intervention

Tauopathy

Tauopathy is a category of neurodegenerative diseases that are caused or associated with pathological tau protein. Some of the diseases are relatively common, which include Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and various Parkinsonism (PD). Tau protein is a type of microtubule-associated protein (MAP), encoded by the gene MAPT (microtubule-associated protein tau). Normally, tau binds to microtubule, supporting the assembling and structure of cytoskeletons. However, in tauopathy, normal tau protein undergoes abnormal posttranslational modifications and detaches from microtubule; furthermore, they may aggregate forming paired helical filaments (PHF) or straight filaments (SF). Abundant PHF could be observed under microscope as fibrillary tangles. In this chapter, we will introduce the pathogenesis process of tauopathy with regard to the posttranslational modifications of the protein, the animal models, and the developing treatments against tauopathy from a clinical prospective

How do students from different disciplines perceive the concept of “data”?: A visual elicitation method

Transforming the iSquare draw-and-write technique into the dSquare draw-and-tell approach, we conducted synchronous online visual-elicitation inter-views with 37 college students in six different disciplines to examine how they perceived the concept of “data.” The preliminary findings showed that students across disciplines tend to use group diagrams to present ICT and print materials in their dSquares. When explaining their drawings, students typically relate to functional purposes in academic contexts. While students typically use data in coursework or other work-related contexts in a positive way, students in different disciplines consider data in different original forms and use different types of metaphors to express the concept of data. While science students tend to include files or lab tools and describe data processing through the tools, humanities and social science students tend to include texts or secondary sources and describe data processing or application through personal thinking. Future research suggestions are provided based on the findings

Failure to Thrive and Multiple Anomalies in a Newborn: Edwards Syndrome (CPC 95-1)

A 3 hour-old male baby was admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Sowha Children's Hospital due to low birth weight He was delivered to a 32 year-old mother by normal vaginal delivery at a local obstetric clinic at 39 weeks' gestational age with: birth 'I/eight of 1,850gm. There was no history of premature rupture of membrane or maternal fever before delivery On admission, his vital signs were as follows: BP 60/40 mmHg, respiration rate 40/min, heart rate 120/min, body temperature 36°C He was pale In appearance and weak In movement The fontanelles were normotensive The face was symmetrical But micrognathia and low set ears were noted. HIs respiration was weak with a grade IIIVI murmur audible at the left sternal border There were 2 arteries and a vein In the umbilical cord. The baby had abnormally clenched fists and rockerbottom feet, Moro reflex was weak

Domino Rh-catalyzed hydroformylation–doublecyclization of o-amino cinnamyl derivatives:applications to the formal total syntheses ofphysostigmine and physovenine

A parallel, versatile and efficient route to synthesis of pyrrolidinoindoline and tetrahydrofuranoindoline alkaloids from cinnamyl derivatives has been developed, featuring a domino Rh-catalyzed hydroformylation–double cyclization sequence. This method can be applied to the syntheses of anti-Alzheimer drugs such as physostigmine and physovenine

Estudio comparativo sobre la traducción del lenguaje no verbal del chino y dos versiones en español : el caso de la novela Xi You Ji /

En la presente tesis, se examina la traducción del lenguaje no verbal del chino al español en dos versiones del Xi You Ji. El marco teórico-metodológico usado en esta tesis combina de modo interdisciplinar un enfoque lingüístico-literario con otro más traductológico. Por una parte, hemos usado dos de las cuatro categorías propuestas por Poyatos (1994) para estudiar las funciones semiótico-comunicativas de los elementos no verbales de los personajes de ficción. Por la otra, hemos adoptado cuatro de las diez categorías que utiliza Korte (1997) para explicar las funciones y los efectos literarios del lenguaje corporal en el texto narrativo. Finalmente, hemos aportado nuestra propia clasificación dividiendo las técnicas de traducción de los elementos no verbales en cuatro categorías, en función de si se traslada o no el mismo gesto y de si se transmite o no su significado. En concreto son: a) traducción del gesto del original por el mismo gesto manteniendo el significado original; b) traducción del gesto del original por el mismo gesto perdiendo el significado original; c) traducción del gesto del original por otro gesto manteniendo el significado original; y d) traducción del gesto del original por otro gesto perdiendo el significado original (incluyendo la reducción u omisión). La tesis consta de cuatro capítulos: en el primero, presentamos nuestro objeto de estudio, la novela Xi You Ji de Wu Cheng'en; en el segundo, exponemos el marco teórico para nuestro trabajo; en el tercero, ofreceremos distintos ejemplos del lenguaje no verbal en Xi You Ji para analizar su papel literario; finalmente, en el último capítulo, comparamos las técnicas de traducción empleadas en las dos versiones del Xi You Ji al español. Con este trabajo, esperamos haber contribuido a un campo de estudio relativamente poco explorado: el del lenguaje no verbal en la traducción y en la literatura y, especialmente, en el caso de la traducción chino-español.This thesis examines the nonverbal language translation from Chinese to Spanish of Xi You Ji in two Spanish versions. The theoretical and methodological framework used in this thesis combines the literary-language and another kind of translation, Interdisciplinary approach. First, we had used two of the four categories proposed by Poyatos (1994) to study the semiotic-communicative functions of nonverbal elements of the fictional characters. On the other hand, we had adopted four of the ten categories used by Korte (1997) to explain the functions and literary effects of body language in the narrative. Finally, we have provided our own classification dividing the techniques of translation of the nonverbal elements into four categories, based on whether or not to move the same gesture and whether or not to transmit meaning. Specification: a) The translation of the original act maintains the same gesture and keeps the original meaning; b) The translation of the original act with the same gesture loses its original meaning; c) The translation of the original gesture, by using another gesture, keeps the original meaning; d) The translation of the original gesture, by using another gesture (including the reduction or omission), loses the original meaning. The thesis consists of four chapters: In the first, we present our object of the study, the novel Xi You Ji, written by Wu Cheng'en; in the second, we present the theoretical framework for our work; in the third, we offer different examples of nonverbal language in Xi You Ji to analyze literary roles; finally, in the last chapter, we have compared the translation techniques used in these two Spanish versions of Xi You Ji. With this work, we hope that we have made the contribution to an unexplored study field, the non-verbal language in translation and literature, and especially in the case of Chinese-Spanish translatio

Earth observing system. Output data products and input requirements, version 2.0. Volume 1: Instrument data product characteristics

Information on Earth Observing System (EOS) output data products and input data requirements that has been compiled by the Science Processing Support Office (SPSO) at GSFC is presented. Since Version 1.0 of the SPSO Report was released in August 1991, there have been significant changes in the EOS program. In anticipation of a likely budget cut for the EOS Project, NASA HQ restructured the EOS program. An initial program consisting of two large platforms was replaced by plans for multiple, smaller platforms, and some EOS instruments were either deselected or descoped. Updated payload information reflecting the restructured EOS program superseding the August 1991 version of the SPSO report is included. This report has been expanded to cover information on non-EOS data products, and consists of three volumes (Volumes 1, 2, and 3). Volume 1 provides information on instrument outputs and input requirements. Volume 2 is devoted to Interdisciplinary Science (IDS) outputs and input requirements, including the 'best' and 'alternative' match analysis. Volume 3 provides information about retrieval algorithms, non-EOS input requirements of instrument teams and IDS investigators, and availability of non-EOS data products at seven primary Distributed Active Archive Centers (DAAC's)

Earth observing system. Output data products and input requirements, version 2.0. Volume 3: Algorithm summary tables and non-EOS data products

Volume 3 assists Earth Observing System (EOS) investigators in locating required non-EOS data products by identifying their non-EOS input requirements and providing the information on data sets available at various Distributed Active Archive Centers (DAAC's), including those from Pathfinder Activities and Earth Probes. Volume 3 is intended to complement, not to duplicate, the the EOSDIS Science Data Plan (SDP) by providing detailed data set information which was not presented in the SDP. Section 9 of this volume discusses the algorithm summary tables containing information on retrieval algorithms, expected outputs and required input data. Section 10 describes the non-EOS input requirements of instrument teams and IDS investigators. Also described are the current and future data holdings of the original seven DAACS and data products planned from the future missions and projects including Earth Probes and Pathfinder Activities. Section 11 describes source of information used in compiling data set information presented in this volume. A list of data set attributes used to describe various data sets is presented in section 12 along with their descriptions. Finally, Section 13 presents the SPSO's future plan to improve this report