The Effect of Inquiry Learning on the Academic Achievement and Bilingual Verbal Cognition of Young Bilingual Students

The issues that prompt this study are based on current research indicating the positive effects of inquiry learning on the cognitive development of children. The purpose of this case study was to understand the effects of inquiry learning on the academic achievement and bilingual verbal cognition of 5th grade bilingual students in a French/English dual immersion program. The treatment group of students completed research projects through a guided inquiry learning approach, while the control group experienced the traditional problem-solving research approach. Empirical findings reported a significant mean increase in mathematics achievement, bilingual verbal cognitive ability, higher motivation to learn and increased self-efficacy in the treatment versus the control group of students

Comparative studies on the components of innate partial resistance to Venturia inaequalis (Cke) Wint in nine apple cultivars

The components of partial resistance to Venturia inaequalis and the expression of resistance were quantified in nine apple cultivars (\u27Delicious,\u27 \u27McIntosh,\u27 \u27Stayman,\u27 \u27Mutsu,\u27 \u27Paula Red,\u27 \u27Ida Red,\u27 \u27Golden Delicious,\u27 \u27Spartan,\u27 and \u27Rome\u27) under field conditions. Ascospore productivity was influenced by cultivar, and was greatest on \u27Rome\u27 (476 spores/cm\sp2 leaf), but cultivar did not affect the rate of ascospore maturation significantly. Relative conidium productivity/lesion was influenced by cultivar, and ranged from 30,126 conidia/lesion on \u27Golden Delicious\u27 leaves to 4,443 conidia/lesion on \u27Delicious\u27 leaves. The infectious period (length of time conidia are produced) was longest on \u27Golden Delicious\u27 (94 and 68 days) and shortest on \u27McIntosh\u27 (51 and 52 days). An early buildup of scab occurred on cultivars with lesions that had high conidium productivity during the first 10 days after lesion appearance. A non-destructive technique that allowed repeated removal of conidia from scab lesions is described. Incubation period was not influenced by cultivar, but it was correlated with leaf age: the greater the age of a leaf when infected, the longer the incubation period. An ontogenic resistance mechanism was apparently operational in all cultivars by the 12th day after a leaf unfurled. The area of exposed tissue at each fruit bud growth stage measured and the area of the youngest five leaves on a shoot differed among the cultivars. The rate of extension shoot growth (leaves emerged/week) did not differ among the cultivars. Each year, phenological development of the fruit buds differed among the cultivars on each observation date except the final observation at fruit-set. The cultivars are ranked for resistance, based on incidence and severity of foliar scab as follows: least resistant are \u27McIntosh\u27 and \u27Rome,\u27 moderately resistant (disease reduced by 41-76 %, relative to \u27McIntosh\u27) are \u27Stayman,\u27 \u27Mutsu,\u27 \u27Spartan,\u27 \u27Golden Delicious,\u27 and \u27Delicious,\u27 and highly resistant (disease reduced 92 %, relative to \u27McIntosh\u27) are \u27Ida Red\u27 and \u27Paula Red.\u27

Market Women: Lessons Learned from Successful Black Women Entrepreneurs

The purpose of this research was to explore the learning and business strategies of successful Black women entrepreneurs. The fundamental assumption of the study was that the life experiences of this underresearched group has value and worth and can provide useful lessons for adult learners, educators and entrepreneurs regardless of race, ethnicity or gender

TOl\1ATINE: ROLE IN RESISTANCE OF TOMATO TO FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM F, SP. LYCOPERSICI RACE 1 AND RACE 2

Previous workers have suggested that the host-produced fungitoxicant, alpha-tomatine, may play a key role in the resistance of tomato plants to the vascular wilt pathogen, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Sacc.) Hans. & Snyd. race 1. The in vivo and in vitro studies reported herin were undertaken to examine that hypothesis and to investigage the effect of tomatine on Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol) race 2

The Self Concept of Black and White Disturbed Adolescent Girls in Residential Treatment

The purpose of the present study was to examine the extent to which race and self concept were associated in a group of disturbed adolescent girls in residential treatment. I The study drew on an earlier investigation of self concept, which conceived of the self concept as a part of the personality of an individual that acted as a motivating force. The study assumed that self concept was implicated in the dynamics of the disturbances that brought adolescents into treatment, and its purpose was directed towards securing a better understanding of the girls. The study was conducted with a non-probability sample consisting of 19 of the 1|.6 girls in residential treatment at Hawthorne Cedar Knolls School during March, 1969. The sample included six black and 13 white girls, roughly matched by frequency distribution on age, intelligence, and socioeconomic class. Data on structural and content aspects of self concepts and ego ideals of the girls were secured in the form of responses to a questionnaire administered to the girls by social workers in small groups. The instrument was a modification of the Kuhn-McP art land test. The data did not yield evidence that race was significantly associated with the structural aspects of the self concept and the ego ideal, nor with the content of the ego ideal. The major finding was that black girls in this sample described themselves in personally evaluative terms significantly more than did the white girls, who described themselves in group memberships and associations. Family composition was found to be significantly associated with several structural aspects of the self concept and ego ideal. The findings suggest a relationship between race and the conceptions black and white disturbed adolescents form of themselves. The study did not, however, yield information on the nature of the other variables implicated in the relationship and both the size and nature of the sample preclude generalization beyond the sample

Bio-Security Proficiencies Project for Beginning Producers in 4-H

Improving bio-security practices among 4-H members who raise and show project animals is important. Bio-security measures can reduce the risk of disease spread and mitigate potential health and economic risks of disease outbreaks involving animal and zoonotic pathogens. Survey data provided statistical evidence that the Bio-Security Proficiencies Project for Beginning Producers in 4-H advanced youth participants\u27 knowledge and skills related to bio-security and financial risk management. Furthermore, the project provided youth with opportunities to apply their understanding and abilities to authentic settings and extend their learning to their communities

Non-Emergency Medical Transportation Needs of Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Rural-Urban Comparison in Delaware, USA.

Background: Older adults in rural areas have unique transportation barriers to accessing medical care, which include a lack of mass transit options and considerable distances to health-related services. This study contrasts non-emergency medical transportation (NEMT) service utilization patterns and associated costs for Medicaid middle-aged and older adults in rural versus urban areas. Methods: Data were analyzed from 39,194 NEMT users of LogistiCare-brokered services in Delaware residing in rural (68.3%) and urban (30.9%) areas. Multivariable logistic analyses compared trip characteristics by rurality designation. Results: Rural (37.2%) and urban (41.2%) participants used services more frequently for dialysis than for any other medical concern. Older age and personal accompaniment were more common and wheel chair use was less common for rural trips. The mean cost per trip was greater for rural users (difference of $2910 per trip), which was attributed to the greater distance per trip in rural areas. Conclusions: Among a sample who were eligible for subsidized NEMT and who utilized this service, rural trips tended to be longer and, therefore, higher in cost. Over 50% of trips were made for dialysis highlighting the need to address prevention and, potentially, health service improvements for rural dialysis patients