Identification of Nitric Oxide Responsive Genes in the Rudimentary Leaves of Litchi chinensis

Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) is an evergreen woody fruit tree widely cultivated in subtropical and tropical regions. Warm winter and hot spring often leads to abnormal floral differentiation in litchi. Under this condition, the rudimentary leaves in the floral buds expand and the inflorescences will stop developing. Thus, how to promote abortion of rudimentary leaves in litchi inflorescence are important for floral development. Previous study indicated that nitric oxide (NO) produced by sodium nitroprusside (SNP) promoted flowering and abortion of rudimentary leaves in litchi. In the present study, a suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) was used to identify NO responsive genes. As a result, 16 high homologous ESTs were obtained from the SSH library of the SNP treated rudimentary leaves. The ESTs were classified into three groups. They are disease/defensive, protein destination and storage, and protein synthesis. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis indicated that 6 out of the 7 randomly selected ESTs’expression showed an increasing trend from 0 h to 10 h of SNP treatment. It is suggested that the litchi homologs 18S ribosomal RNA gene, cytochrome P450 like TBP, and the senescence-associated protein, chaperone protein, and a hypothetical protein encoding genes may be involved in the NO-induced senescence in litchi rudimentary leaves. LcERD15-like may be a key gene involved in this process

Distributed Spectrum and Power Allocation for D2D-U Networks: A Scheme based on NN and Federated Learning

In this paper, a Device-to-Device communication on unlicensed bands (D2D-U) enabled network is studied. To improve the spectrum efficiency (SE) on the unlicensed bands and fit its distributed structure while ensuring the fairness among D2D-U links and the harmonious coexistence with WiFi networks, a distributed joint power and spectrum scheme is proposed. In particular, a parameter, named as price, is defined, which is updated at each D2D-U pair by a online trained Neural network (NN) according to the channel state and traffic load. In addition, the parameters used in the NN are updated by two ways, unsupervised self-iteration and federated learning, to guarantee the fairness and harmonious coexistence. Then, a non-convex optimization problem with respect to the spectrum and power is formulated and solved on each D2D-U link to maximize its own data rate. Numerical simulation results are demonstrated to verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme

血管内皮細胞接着分子と細胞間接着分子発現からみた静脈グラフト内膜肥厚における静脈弁と高コレステロ-ル血症の影響

取得学位 : 博士（医学）, 学位授与番号 : 医博甲第1353号，学位授与年月日：平成11年3月25日,学位授与年：199

Distribution of bacterial keratitis and emerging resistance to antibiotics in China from 2001 to 2004

Chen Zhang, Yanchuang Liang, Shijing Deng, Zhiqun Wang, Ran Li, Xuguang SunDepartment of Ocular Microbiology, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren hospital, Capital University of Medical Science, BeijingObjective: To study on the distribution of bacterial keratitis isolates and the resistance to antibiotics in China from 2001 to 2004.Methods: 1985 specimens from the bacterial keratitis at the Beijing Tong Ren Eye Center were cultured and identified. In vitro susceptibility testing of positive isolates to antibiotics was determined by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method and interpreted according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute.Results: Out of 1985 specimens, 279 were culture positive. The percentage of positive culture was 14.06%. Gram-positive cocci and gram-negative bacilli represented 42.65% (119/270) and 35.13% (98/279) respectively. Pseudomonas sp. was the most common organism (20.07%), followed by Corynebacterium sp. (16.85%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (13.98%). Resistance to ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and tobramycin was 20.2%, 35.9%, 15.5%, and 29.4% respectively. Gram-negative bacilli showed higher resistance to ciprofloxacin. Staphycoccus sp. revealed significant resistance to ciprofloxacin. Streptococcus sp. showed high resistance to tobramycin. The resistance of isolates from older patients (≥60Y) to ciproloxacin, levofloxacin, and tobramycin was higher than that from adult patients (>14 to 59Y).Conclusion: Staphylococcus sp., Pseudomonas sp., and Corynebacterium sp. were the most common bacterial keratitis isolates in China. Attentions should be paid to the increase of the resistance to levofloxacin.Keywords: bacteria keratitis resistanc

Non-sterile Submerged Fermentation of Fibrinolytic Enzyme by Marine Bacillus subtilis Harboring Antibacterial Activity With Starvation Strategy

Microbial fibrinolytic enzyme is a promising candidate for thrombolytic therapy. Non-sterile production of fibrinolytic enzyme by marine Bacillus subtilis D21-8 under submerged fermentation was realized at a mild temperature of 34°C, using a unique combination of starvation strategy and self-production of antibacterial agents. A medium composed of 18.5 g/L glucose, 6.3 g/L yeast extract, 7.9 g/L tryptone, and 5 g/L NaCl was achieved by conventional and statistical methods. Results showed efficient synthesis of fibrinolytic enzyme and antibacterial compounds required the presence of both yeast extract and tryptone in the medium. At shake-flask level, the non-sterile optimized medium resulted in higher productivity of fibrinolytic enzyme than the sterile one, with an enhanced yield of 3,129 U/mL and a production cost reduced by 24%. This is the first report dealing with non-sterile submerged fermentation of fibrinolytic enzyme, which may facilitate the development of feasible techniques for non-sterile production of raw materials for the preparation of potential drugs with low operation cost

Bandwidth enhancement of three-device Doherty power amplifier based on symmetric devices

This paper proposes a method for extending the bandwidth of a three-device Doherty power amplifier (DPA) based on symmetric devices. λ/4 transmission lines are inserted between each peaking amplifier output and carrier amplifier output to compensate load impedance of carrier amplifier. In order to achieve perfect load modulation, carrier amplifier output circuit total electrical length is designed to 90 degrees, and the peak amplifier output total electrical length is designed to 180 degrees. The proposed method is demonstrated by designing a three-device broadband DPA using three 10-W packaged GaN HEMT devices. Measurement results show that over 40% drain efficiency is achieved at 9-dB back-off power, over the frequency band of 1.45–2.35 GHz, accounting for 46% fractional bandwidth

Disclination and molecular director studies on bowlic columnar nematic phase using mosaic-like morphology decoration method

National Natural Science Foundation of China [20774077]; Natural Science Foundation of Fujian, China [E0510003, E0710025]; Project of Science and Technology of Xiamen, China [3502Z20055013]Two bowlic cyclotriveratrylene CTV-1 and CTV-2, with different peripheral groups of -OCH(3) and -OCH(2)CH(3) for CTV-1 and -OCH(3) and -OCH(2)COOCH(3) for CTV-2, respectively, were synthesized by typical trimerization via a multistep sequence from vanillin. Both bowlic CTV molecules were thermotropic liquid crystals, and presented typical grainy textures of the nematic phase and homogeneous texture of the single domain nematic phase. It is of interest to observe the regular and beautiful mosaic-like morphologies after cooling from liquid crystalline phases, which appeared and vanished repeatedly in several circles of cooling and heating. The size of each mosaic was several dozens of micron. In nature, the mosaic-like morphologies are the optical pattern of cracks formed by the shrinking, due to the crystallization of frozen texture of nematic phases. By means of scanning electron microscopy, the mosaic-like morphologies were observed to consist of lamellae, and each mosaic is a rectangular multi-layer lamella, which is composed of packed single-layered lamellae. The fibrils in the diameter of about 1 mu m were observed, which are the structural units of lamellae and would be the bundles of the bowlic molecular columns. The mosaic-like morphologies decorate the bowlic molecular columnar nematic phase, therefore, a novel mosaic-like morphologies decoration method was applied to reveal the director distribution of several kinds of point disclinations, such as s = +1(delta=0A degrees and delta =90 A degrees) and s = +/- 1/2, and NSel domain walls. It was shown that the bowlic molecular columnar nematic phase behaved as normal nematic phases; however, the basic structural units ordered were the bowlic molecular column or the bundles of bowlic molecular column (i.e. fibrils), but not the bowlic molecules themselves. The bowlic molecular columns acted as the rod-like molecules in a normal nematic phase. Therefore, a new term BCN (bowlic columnar nematic phase) is used to describe the anomalous nematic phase in this paper