Modeling Musical Structure with Parametric Grammars

International audienceFinding high-level structure in scores is one of the main challenges in music information retrieval. Searching for a formalization enabling variety through fixed musical concepts, we use parametric grammars , an extension of context-free grammars with predicates that take parameters. Parameters are here small patterns of music that will be used with different roles in the piece. We investigate their potential use in defining and discovering the structure of a musical piece, taking example on Bach inventions. A measure of conformance of a score with a given parametric grammar based on the classical notion of edit distance is investigated. Initial analysis of computational properties of the proposed formalism is carried out

Asset or Liability: Transnational Links and Political Participation of Foreign-Born Citizens in Taiwan

Viewed as outsiders clinging onto links with their country of origin, immigrants do not often feature positively in electoral politics in their host society. Challenging this conventional view, this paper examines how immigrants make use of their transnational ties to foster their political participation in the host state. This exploration is conducted through our study of the political participation of Vietnamese and Chinese immigrants in Taiwan. Our research finds that transnational ties are politicised by the mainstream political parties. However, such politicisation does not necessarily restrict immigrants’ agency and their socio-political space for political participation. Their transnational ties constitute a dynamic socio-political field in which these maintained connections are acted upon and give rise to a variety of strategies for responding to issues affecting their interests

A Robust Parser-Interpreter for Jazz Chord Sequences

Hierarchical structure similar to that associated with prosody and syntax in language can be identified in the rhythmic and harmonic progressions that underlie Western tonal music. Analysing such musical struc-ture resembles natural language parsing: it requires the derivation of an underlying interpretation from an un-structured sequence of highly ambiguous elements— in the case of music, the notes. The task here is not merely to decide whether the sequence is grammati-cal, but rather to decide which among a large number of analyses it has. An analysis of this sort is a part of the cognitive processing performed by listeners familiar with a musical idiom, whether musically trained or not. Our focus is on the analysis of the structure of ex-pectations and resolutions created by harmonic progres-sions. Building on previous work, we define a theory of tonal harmonic progression, which plays a role analo-gous to semantics in language. Our parser uses a formal grammar of jazz chord sequences, of a kind widely used for natural language processing (NLP), to map music, in the form of chord sequences used by performers, onto a representation of the structured relationships between chords. It uses statistical modelling techniques used for wide-coverage parsing in NLP to make practical pars-ing feasible in the face of considerable ambiguity in the grammar. Using machine learning over a small corpus of jazz chord sequences annotated with harmonic anal-yses, we show that grammar-based musical interpreta-tion using simple statistical parsing models is more ac-curate than a baseline HMM. The experiment demon-strates that statistical techniques adapted from NLP can be profitably applied to the analysis of harmonic struc-ture

Civil society and global governance : the possibilities for global citizenship

In this article we reassert the role of governance as well as of civil society in the analysis of citizenship. We argue that to analyse global civil society and global citizenship it is necessary to focus on global governance. Just as states may facilitate or obstruct the emergence and development of national civil society, so too global governance institutions may facilitate or obstruct an emerging global civil society. Our key contention is that civil society at the global level thrives through its interaction with strong facilitating institutions of global governance. We start with a discussion of civil society and citizenship within the nation-state, and from there develop a model of global civil society and citizenship. Through analysing the impacts of various modes of global governance, we identify strategically appropriate forms of political and social engagement that best advance the prospects for global citizenship. <br /

Musique sans écriture et mathématiques

@article{RN-CHEMILLIER-2006, author = {Chemillier, M.}, title = {Musique sans écriture et mathématiques}, journal = {Découverte, revue du Palais de la découverte}, volume = {340}, pages = {22-33}, year = {2006} }National audienc

Mathématiques de tradition orale

@article{RN-CHEMILLIER-2007, author = {Chemillier, M.}, title = {Mathématiques de tradition orale}, journal = {Mathématiques et sciences humaines}, volume = {178}, pages = {11-40}, year = {2007} }National audienc

Les Mathématiques naturelles

@book{OL-CHEMILLIER-2007, author = {Chemillier, M.}, editor = {}, title = {Les Mathématiques naturelles}, publisher = {Odile Jacob}, year = {2007}, address = {Paris}, series = {240 pages}

Periodic musical sequences and Lyndon words

Abstract When one enumerates periodic musical structures, the computation is done up to a cyclic shift. This means that two solutions which are cyclic shifts of one another are considered the same. Lyndon words provide a powerful way to do so. We illustrate this by two examples taken from African traditional music