“On-The-Fly” Fabrication of Highly-Ordered Interconnected Cylindrical and Spherical Porous Microparticles via Dual Polymerization Zone Microfluidics

A microfluidic platform with dual photopolymerization zones has been developed for production of novel uniform interconnected porous particles with shapes imposed either by the geometry of the external capillary or by the thermodynamic minimisation of interfacial area. Double w/o/w drops with well-defined internal droplet size and number were produced and then exposed to online photopolymerization to create the porous particles. Cylindrical interconnected porous particles were produced in a segmented flow where the drops took the shape of the capillary. The microfluidic set up included an extension capillary where the drops relaxed and conformed to their thermodynamically favoured morphology. Window opening of the particles occurred “on-the-fly” during UV polymerization without using any offline auxiliary methods. A distinction was made between critically and highly packed arrangements in double drops. The window opening occurred consistently for highly packed spherical drops, but only for critically packed drops containing more than 6 internal cores at internal phase ratio as low as 0.35. The size and number of cores, shape and structure of double drops could be precisely tuned by the flowrate and by packing structure of the inner droplets

Transition Metal Complexes of 6-Methyl-2-Amino Benzothiazole -Part III

Complexes of the type ML/sub2/X/sub2/ and ML/sub4/X/sub2/ (where M=Cu(II),Ni(II), Co(II), Mn(II), Zin(II), Hg(II) and Cd(II); L=6-methyl-2-aminobenzothiazole;X=-I, -NCS and -OAC have been isolated and characterised on the basis of analytical, magnetic moment, molar conductance, electronic and i.r.spectal data. The antifungal screening of Cu(II) and Hg(II) complexes is also reported

Blockchain inspired secure and reliable data exchange architecture for cyber-physical healthcare system 4.0

A cyber-physical system is considered to be a collection of strongly coupled communication systems and devices that poses numerous security trials in various industrial applications including healthcare. The security and privacy of patient data is still a big concern because healthcare data is sensitive and valuable, and it is most targeted over the internet. Moreover, from the industrial perspective, the cyber-physical system plays a crucial role in the exchange of data remotely using sensor nodes in distributed environments. In the healthcare industry, Blockchain technology offers a promising solution to resolve most securities-related issues due to its decentralized, immutability, and transparency properties. In this paper, a blockchain-inspired secure and reliable data exchange architecture is proposed in the cyber-physical healthcare industry 4.0. The proposed system uses the BigchainDB, Tendermint, Inter-Planetary-File-System (IPFS), MongoDB, and AES encryption algorithms to improve Healthcare 4.0. Furthermore, blockchain-enabled secure healthcare architecture for accessing and managing the records between Doctors and Patients is introduced. The development of a blockchain-based Electronic Healthcare Record (EHR) exchange system is purely patient-centric, which means the entire control of data is in the owner's hand which is backed by blockchain for security and privacy. Our experimental results reveal that the proposed architecture is robust to handle more security attacks and can recover the data if 2/3 of nodes are failed. The proposed model is patient-centric, and control of data is in the patient's hand to enhance security and privacy, even system administrators can't access data without user permission

Pattern of lymphadenopathy in fine needle aspiration cytology: a retrospective study

Background: Lymphadenopathy is of great clinical significance as underlying disease may range from treatable infectious etiology to malignant neoplasm. In fact it is also essential to establish that swelling in question is lymph node. Incidence of lymphadenopathy appears to be increasing especially among young adults all over the world. Inflammatory and immune reaction are most frequent cause of lymph node enlargement and are self limiting in majority of cases. Lymphnode are also affected as a result of primary neoplasm or from metastasis of malignant neoplasm from regional and distant organ.Aims: Study different cytomorphological patterns associated with various lymphadenopathy and spectrum of lesion with respect to age and sex.Methods: A total of 1774 cases came for FNAC of lymphnode in the Department of Pathology, MMC & RI, MYSORE from NOV 2011 to OCT 2014 were retrieved and studied retrospectively.Results: Out of total cases, 908 were males and 865 females with age range from 3mth to 90 years with maximum number of cases diagnosed with reactive lymphadenopathy (26.2%) followed by metastatic lymphadenopathy (21.2%), Non specific lymphadenitis (18.5%), granulomatous lymphadenitis (14.65%), tuberculous lymphadenitis (14.65%), suppurative lymphadenitis (3.94%) and lymphoma(0.73%).Conclusion: FNAC recognized as a diagnostic technique because of simplicity, cost effectiveness, easily availability of results, accuracy and minimal invasion. With the advent of FNAC most of inflammatory, reactive and neoplastic condition can be diagnosed without biopsy.

What Causes Cancer Gallbladder?: A Review

Gallbladder cancer is a common malignancy of the biliary tract. It is the fifth common malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract in United States [1] and third in Northern India [2]. Despite such high prevalence, there is scanty published literature about this disease in indexed journals. Therefore, this article is intended to provide a brief overview of gallbladder cancer risk factors, based mainly on published evidence from analytical epidemiology and recent research findings of biologists and practising oncologists. Furthermore, an attempt has been made to establish an association between different causative factors and the occurrence of the disease

Remote Sensing and GIS based approach in Morphometric analysis of Birma River Basin (Central India)

Birma river basin lies between two states of India (Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh). The parameters of Morphometric analysis were measured as Stream Order, Drainage Density, Stream Frequency, Bifurcation Ratio, Elongation Ratio, etc. Digital Elevation Model is downloaded from the USGS website. The results show that the Basin ranges from dendritic to sub-dendritic and is heterogeneous in texture and structurally controlled. The stream order ranges from first order to sixth order and the drainage density and elongation ratio is 1.23 and 0.59 respectively which specified that the basin is elongated in shape. The bifurcation ratio varies from 2.67 to 9.0 indicating that the basin has undulating topography. The analysis is contributed to understand watershed management sites for the conservation of soil and water. Assessment of these parameters ultimately gives information for the arrangement of sustainable water resource development and its management for the local people residing nearby the river.   Keywords: Birma River Basin, Digital Elevation Model (DEM), Geographical Information System (GIS), Morphometric analysis, Remote Sensin

Mixed Ligand Complexes of N-6 methyl Benzothiazol-2-yl-salicylaldimine and 2-methyl Benzimidazole with Cu(II) Ni(II) Co(II) Mn(II) VO(II) Zn(II) Cd(II) and Hg(II)

Mixed-ligand complexes of the type MS/sub2/ (MeBI)/sub2/ (where M=Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), Mn(II), Zn(II), Cd(II), Hg(II), SH=N-6-methyl benzothiazol-2-yl-salicyladldimine and MeBI=2-methyl benzimidazole) and VOS/sub2/. MeBI have been synthesised and characterised on the basis of analysis, molar conductance, magnetic moments, electronic and i.r. spectral data. All the complexes, were found to be nonelectrolyte and possessed octahedral geometry

Coronavirus peplomer charge heterogeneity

Recent advancements in viral hydrodynamics afford the calculation of the transport properties of particle suspensions from first principles, namely, from the detailed particle shapes. For coronavirus suspensions, for example, the shape can be approximated by beading (i) the spherical capsid and (ii) the radially protruding peplomers. The general rigid bead-rod theory allows us to assign Stokesian hydrodynamics to each bead. Thus, viral hydrodynamics yields the suspension rotational diffusivity, but not without first arriving at a configuration for the cationic peplomers. Prior work considered identical peplomers charged identically. However, a recent pioneering experiment uncovers remarkable peplomer size and charge heterogeneities. In this work, we use energy minimization to arrange the spikes, charged heterogeneously to obtain the coronavirus spike configuration required for its viral hydrodynamics. For this, we use the measured charge heterogeneity. We consider 20 000 randomly generated possibilities for cationic peplomers with formal charges ranging from 30 to 55. We find the configurations from energy minimization of all of these possibilities to be nearly spherically symmetric, all slightly oblate, and we report the corresponding breadth of the dimensionless rotational diffusivity, the transport property around which coronavirus cell attachment revolves.journal articl

Coronavirus pleomorphism

The coronavirus is always idealized as a spherical capsid with radially protruding spikes. However, histologically, in the tissues of infected patients, capsids in cross section are elliptical, and only sometimes spherical [Neuman et al., “Supramolecular architecture of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus revealed by electron cryomicroscopy,” J Virol, 80, 7918 (2006)]. This capsid ellipticity implies that coronaviruses are oblate or prolate or both. We call this diversity of shapes, pleomorphism. Recently, the rotational diffusivity of the spherical coronavirus in suspension was calculated, from first principles, using general rigid bead-rod theory [Kanso et al., “Coronavirus rotational diffusivity,” Phys Fluids 32, 113101 (2020)]. We did so by beading the spherical capsid and then also by replacing each of its bulbous spikes with a single bead. In this paper, we use energy minimization for the spreading of the spikes, charged identically, over the oblate or prolate capsids. We use general rigid bead-rod theory to explore the role of such coronavirus cross-sectional ellipticity on its rotational diffusivity, the transport property around which its cell attachment revolves. We learn that coronavirus ellipticity drastically decreases its rotational diffusivity, be it oblate or prolate.journal articl