Altered movement patterns but not muscle recruitment in moderately trained triathletes during running after cycling

Previous studies have shown that cycling can directly influence neuromuscular control during subsequent running in some highly trained triathletes, despite these triathletes\u27 years of practice of the cycle-run transition. The aim of this study was to determine whether cycling has the same direct influence on neuromuscular control during running in moderately trained triathletes. Fifteen moderately trained triathletes participated. Kinematics of the pelvis and lower limbs and recruitment of 11 leg and thigh muscles were compared between a control run (no prior exercise) and a 30 min run that was preceded by a 15 min cycle (transition run). Muscle recruitment was different between control and transition runs in only one of 15 triathletes (&lt;7%). Changes in joint position (mean difference of 3&deg;) were evident in five triathletes, which persisted beyond 5 min of running in one triathlete. Our findings suggest that some moderately trained triathletes have difficulty reproducing their pre-cycling movement patterns for running initially after cycling, but cycling appears to have little influence on running muscle recruitment in moderately trained triathletes. <br /

MULTIDISCIPLlNE TRAINING DEMANDS MAY IMPAIR ADAPTATION OF THE NEUROMUSCULAR SYSTEM IN TRIATHLETES

Muscle recruitment during cycling is highly consistent and constrained in trained cyclists relative to novice cyclists (Chapman et aI., 2004). This is consistent with previous evidence that adaptation of the neuromuscular system occurs with repeated performance of a motor task. Muscle recruitment in triathletes has not been investigated. Triathletes undertake similar cycling training loads to specialist cyclists, but must also undertake very high running and swimming training loads. The influence of these multidiscipline training demands on muscle recruitment remains unknown. This study compared patterns of distal lower limb muscle recruitment during cycling in triathletes, trained cyclists and novice cyclists

REPEATABILlTY OF INTRAMUSCULAR ELECTROMYOGRAPHIC RECORDINGS DURING CYCLING

Fine-wire electromyographic (fEMG) techniques are indicated for the study of distal lower limb muscle recruitment during cycling, but evidence to support the repeatability of fEMG recordings is contradictory. This study investigated the repeatability of fEMG recordings from tibialis anterior (TA), tibialis posterior (TP), peroneus longus (PL), gastrocnemius lateralis (GL) and soleus (SOL) during cycling. The repeatability of fEMG recordings normalised to maximum measured EMG amplitude was high, with mean coefficients of multiple correlation (CMC) ranging from .82 .15 (GL) to .89 .09 (TA). The repeatability of fEMG recordings increased with greater test-retest intervals (p < .008). Data normalised to maximal or submaximal contractions were less repeatable (p < .001). These findings support the use of fEMG techniques to investigate distal lower limb muscle recruitment during cycling

A review of the status and range expansion of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) in Ireland

Although common carp are known to have been present in Ireland since the early 17th century, historically the species’ distribution was extremely localised. Owing to the popularity of carp as a sport fish in more recent times, it was suspected that the species range had expanded. Distribution maps were constructed from records in the published literature and consultations with both angling and governmental bodies, facilitating a review of the temporal changes in the range and distribution of carp from 1950 to the present day. There has been a significant increase in the range of distribution of carp, by order of 302% in the national 10 km grid-square network. The characteristic pattern of extinction and colonisation of carp in Irish water bodies clearly indicates that the species has not spread by natural dispersal but rather by human-mediated transfers, which are the mechanism for the species’ range expansion. While carp has been able to establish self-sustaining populations in Ireland, these remain restricted to smaller, often land-locked, water bodies. Future climatic warming and the increasing popularity of carp as an angling quarry may facilitate further range expansion, both naturally and human mediated

Pain control in healthcare organizations: Developing effective disease management programs

Although medicine possesses the knowledge and technology for preventing or relieving most pain, poor pain control is still widespread. Unrelieved pain causes unnecessary suffering and increases health care expenditures. Among the barriers to improving pain control are poor provider education in pain management, misguided beliefs about the inevitability of pain and the dangers of pain medication, provider resistance to changing practice patterns, and administrative resistance to implementing improvements that incur short-term costs but lead to long-term savings. In short, poor pain relief in America\u27s health care institutions is a system issue, and improvement requires a system-wide change. An effective program for improving pain management requires a multidisciplinary team committed to the task, ideally a triad consisting of a physician, a nurse, and a pharmacist. The triad needs administrative support in order to undertake needs assessment, offer provider and patient education, and perform continuous cycles of assessment, intervention, and reassessment of pain management. A strong information management base and an analytic engine are essential so that the team can evaluate outcomes from multiple perspectives (provider, payer, patient). The triad should identify a service area with clear pain problems, demonstrate improvements in this area, and then systematically move to other service areas. Educating providers and patients about pain and its control is essential for bringing about change. Improved pain management is a win-win situation for patients and institutions alike. Patients and families benefit from reduced suffering and improved quality of life, while institutions can offer more cost-effective care to patients

Community-Based Discharge Planning Improves Health Services

Basing discharge services in the community has improved services for people transitioning out of an acute care mental healthcare facility. It has also reduced readmissions rates, curbing the demand for inpatient services at the hospital level.York's Knowledge Mobilization Unit provides services and funding for faculty, graduate students, and community organizations seeking to maximize the impact of academic research and expertise on public policy, social programming, and professional practice. It is supported by SSHRC and CIHR grants, and by the Office of the Vice-President Research & Innovation. [email protected] www.researchimpact.c

Prospectus, March 6, 1985

https://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1985/1005/thumbnail.jp

Prospectus, March 27, 1985

https://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1985/1008/thumbnail.jp

Prospectus, March 13, 1985

https://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1985/1006/thumbnail.jp