Framework for efficient transformation for complex medical data for improving analytical capability

The adoption of various technological advancement has been already adopted in the area of healthcare sector. This adoption facilitates involuntary generation of medical data that can be autonomously programmed to be forwarded to a destined hub in the form of cloud storage units. However, owing to such technologies there is massive formation of complex medical data that significantly acts as an overhead towards performing analytical operation as well as unwanted storage utilization. Therefore, the proposed system implements a novel transformation technique that is capable of using a template based stucture over cloud for generating structured data from highly unstructured data in a non-conventional manner. The contribution of the propsoed methodology is that it offers faster processing and storage optimization. The study outcome also proves this fact to show propsoed scheme excels better in performance in contrast to existing data transformation scheme

Pre-Operative Prediction of Difficult Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy using Clinical and Ultrasonographic Parameters

BACKGROUND: Cholelithiasis is the most common biliary pathology, with a prevalence of 10 to 15%. It is symptomatic in approximately 1 to 2% of patients. In 1992, National Institute of Health (NIH) consensus development stated that laparoscopic cholecystectomy “Provides a Safe and Effective treatment for most patients with symptomatic gallstones”. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has become the gold standard in the treatment of symptomatic gall stones. It has replaced open cholecystectomy as the therapeutic modality in the treatment of cholelithiasis. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has advantages of less postoperative pain , reduced duration of hospital stay, return to work earlier and good cosmesis. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy may be rendered difficult by various problems encountered during surgery such as difficulties in accessing the peritoneal cavity, creating a pneumoperitoneum, dissecting the gall bladder or extracting the excised gall bladder. It is important to realize that the need for conversion to laparotomy is neither a failure nor a complication but an attempt to avoid complication and ensure patient safety. Prediction of a difficult LC would allow the surgeon to discuss the likelihood of conversion with the patient and prepare him/her psychologically as well as planning their recovery and explaining their absence from work. The aim of this study was to predict difficulty of LC and the possibility of conversion to open cholecystectomy (OC) before surgery using the clinical and ultrasonographic criteria. OBJECTIVES OF STUDY: 1. To determine the predictive factors for difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy. 2. To study the risks of conversion from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy. METHODS: The materials for the present study on “Pre-Operative Prediction of Difficult Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy using Clinical and Ultrasonographic Parameters” comprises of 80 cases admitted to our hospital from September 2013 to August 2014. The methods for the study included screening of patients who presented with upper abdominal pain, vomiting or dyspepsia. Such patients are studied in detail clinically and investigated as per proforma detailed below. Hematological and biochemical investigations (CBC, RFT, LFT) are done. All patients are subjected to ultrasonographic Evaluation. The patients confirmed by USG examination are evaluated with following factors: age, sex, BMI (30), h/o previous hospitalization, h/o previous abdominal surgeries, h/o acute cholecystitis / pancreatitis. Sonographic findings: GB wall thickness (>/< 3 mm), pericholecystic collection, number (solitary versus multiple) and liver parenchyma (Normal, fatty infiltration, liver fibrosis). Following evaluation the patients will be subjected to laparoscopic cholecystectomy and the following operative parameters : access to peritoneal cavity (easy/difficult), bleeding during surgery (normal/abnormal), gall bladder bed dissection (easy/difficult), injury to duct/artery, extraction of gall bladder (easy/difficult), or conversion to open surgery are noted. Analyses of pre operative risk factors, their relation to the dependent factors are performed using -t-test, -chi squared test and significance (p value .05) is demonstrated. Results would be computed using relevant software (SPSS). RESULTS: The highest age incidence of cholelithiasis was in the 4th decade, and was more common in females.. Ultrasonography detected gallbladder stones in all patients, wall thickening in 28 (35%), pericholecystic collection in 18 (22.5) and liver fibrosis in 16 (20%). Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was successfully done in 72 patients. The access to peritoneal cavity was difficult in 22 patients (27.5%), GB bed dissection was difficult in 21 patients (21.3%), abnormal bleeding occurred in 20 patients (25%) and there was difficulty in extraction of GB in 19 patients (23.8%). Conversion to open surgery occurred in 8 patients (10%). BMI >32.5, history of cholecystitis, previous abdominal surgery, GB wall thickness>3mm, pericholecystic collection, multiple stones and liver fibrosis were significant predictors of difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy There were no significant predictive factors for conversion to open surgery on multivariate analysis in this study. CONCLUSION: The clinical and ultrasonograpic finding helps to predict a difficult Laparoscopic cholecystectomy. This information may be useful to both the patient and the treating surgeon. The conversion rate from laparoscopic cholecystectomy to open cholecystectomy was 10% and there were no significant predictive factors on multivariate analysis in this study

An unusual presentation of primary renal lymphoma: A case report

Lymphomatous involvement of the kidney is often seen as a part of the disseminated disease but primary renal lymphoma is very&nbsp;rare. It is essential to differentiate between renal cell carcinoma and renal lymphoma in patients presenting with renal masses. The&nbsp;prognosis is usually poor with a median survival less than a year. We present the case of a 81-year-old male who presented with type&nbsp;B symptoms and was diagnosed to have primary lymphoma of the kidney and discuss briefly about the primary renal lymphoma

Design and Manufacturing of Smart Braking System

Now a days, vehicles have been developed a lot and reach its new margin; but yet accidents are mostly occurred by retard of the driver to stomp the brake or by the sloppiness of the driver or over speed or due to unpleasant weather. So our project points to emerge a system which can actuate the braking system automatically with the aid of high profile sensors with relay circuit and some more changes in conventional braking system which can actuate the brake automatically in emergency state. The brain of this entire set-up is Arduino microcontroller. The ultrasonic sensors are the vision of this system and stepper motor utilised for actuation. This system has been composed to depict the technological improvement in further. In future the actual model may be evolved based on its viability

Structural Analysis of Nano Core PCF With Fused Cladding for Supercontinuum Generation in 6G Networks

The Sixth Generation (6G) networks have identified the use of frequency range between 95&nbsp;GHz and 3&nbsp;THz with a targeted data rate of 1 Terabytes/second at the access network for holographic video applications. As is demands broadening of spectrum at the core network, this paper proposes a Supercontinuum Generation (SCG) through photonic crystal fiber (PCF) as it provides excellent broadening of the optical spectrum. Discussed in the paper is supercontinuum generation at high pumping power as per the standards specified by the International Telecommunications Union. The proposed PCF is designed with silicon nanocrystal core and the cladding microstructures is arranged in a fusion approach to effectively optimize the optical parameters such as dispersion, nonlinearity, birefringence, group-velocity dispersion, and confinement loss. The fused cladding comprises of a flower-cladding assembly in which air-holes arrangement is inspired from petals in a pleated structure. Such arrangement is shown here to provide high nonlinearity and negative dispersion for high power supercontinuum generation. The novel nanocore assembly with improved structural constraints delivers a non-linearity of 6.37&nbsp;×&nbsp;106&nbsp;W−1&nbsp;km−1 and a negative dispersion of −142.1 (ps/nm-km) at 1,550&nbsp;nm. Moreover, a supercontinuum spectrum is generated using different pulse widths ranging from 350 to 650&nbsp;ps with 25&nbsp;kW pump power for PCF lengths of 10 and 15&nbsp;mm

Marine Microalgae: Culture and their Industrial Applications

Microalgae such as Chaetoceros gracilis, C. calcitrans, Chlorella salina, C. marina, Chromulina pleoides, Dunaliella tertiolecta, Isochrysis galbana, Nannochloropsis oculata, Pavlova lutheri, Skeletonema costatum, Tetraselmis chuii, Thalassiosira sp., are microscopic unicellular phytoplankton having size less than 10 μ, and have widely used in the aquaculture industry. The selection of these live feed organisms are based on many factors such as nutritional requirements of the cultured larvae, size of the mouth gape of larvae, development of the digestive tract of the cultured larvae, nutritional value and availability of the live feed and suitability for mass scale production. Though much efforts are been taken world-wide to supplement live feed totally or partially with artificial feeds, various studies pointed out that supply of suitable live feed organisms fortified with vitamins and fats are essential for the successful completion of the larval stages

Design agency:prototyping multi-agent systems in architecture

This paper presents research on the prototyping of multi-agent systems for architectural design. It proposes a design exploration methodology at the intersection of architecture, engineering, and computer science. The motivation of the work includes exploring bottom up generative methods coupled with optimizing performance criteria including for geometric complexity and objective functions for environmental, structural and fabrication parameters. The paper presents the development of a research framework and initial experiments to provide design solutions, which simultaneously satisfy complexly coupled and often contradicting objectives. The prototypical experiments and initial algorithms are described through a set of different design cases and agents within this framework; for the generation of façade panels for light control; for emergent design of shell structures; for actual construction of reciprocal frames; and for robotic fabrication. Initial results include multi-agent derived efficiencies for environmental and fabrication criteria and discussion of future steps for inclusion of human and structural factors

Marine Tar Residues: a Review

Abstract Marine tar residues originate from natural and anthropogenic oil releases into the ocean environment and are formed after liquid petroleum is transformed by weathering, sedimentation, and other processes. Tar balls, tar mats, and tar patties are common examples of marine tar residues and can range in size from millimeters in diameter (tar balls) to several meters in length and width (tar mats). These residues can remain in the ocean envi-ronment indefinitely, decomposing or becoming buried in the sea floor. However, in many cases, they are transported ashore via currents and waves where they pose a concern to coastal recreation activities, the seafood industry and may have negative effects on wildlife. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge on marine tar residue formation, transport, degradation, and distribution. Methods of detection and removal of marine tar residues and their possible ecological effects are discussed, in addition to topics of marine tar research that warrant further investigation. Emphasis is placed on ben-thic tar residues, with a focus on the remnants of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in particular, which are still affecting the northern Gulf of Mexico shores years after the leaking submarine well was capped