Expresión diferencial de microARNs en el Carcinoma Oral de Células Escamosas. Muestras de tejido congelado

El carcinoma oral de células escamosas (COCE) es la neoplasia maligna más frecuente de la cavidad oral y su pronóstico no ha mejorado en los últimos años. Un microARN es un ARN no codificante que posee habilidad para regular la expresión de otros genes a un nivel pos-transcripcional. La expresión anormal de determinados microARNs se ha estudiado en procesos patológicos, especialmente en el cáncer. Existen varios estudios sobre expresión diferencial en el COCE con resultados dispares y en ocasiones contradictorios. En nuestro estudio hemos utilizado tejido congelado de muestras de COCE y muestras de pacientes sanos para comparar la expresión de microARNs. El último estudio de expresión diferencial de microARNs en el COCE, en el momento de redactar nuestro trabajo, utilizó una tecnología de microarrays con capacidad para detectar 1168 sondas de microARNs maduros. Gracias al avance tecnológico, en nuestro estudio, hemos podido medir más de 2500 microARNs con la plataforma de Affymetrix®

Survival outcomes in laryngeal chondrosarcoma: a systematic review

[Abstract] Laryngeal chondrosarcomas (LCS) are rare lesions that behave as locally aggressive tumours, producing symptoms such as dysphonia, dyspnoea, dysphagia and hoarseness. Different approaches for the treatment of LCS have been described in the literature. The main purpose of this investigation was to find all cases of LCS published to date and analyse management data and survival outcomes. In December 2020, a systematic review was performed following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and the Provider Enrollment, Chain, and Ownership System (PECOS) method including articles published up to this date on different aspects of LCS. The search included the terms larynx, laryngeal, chondrosarcoma. A total of 148 articles were included in this systematic review describing 381 cases of LCS. Dyspnoea was the most reported symptom followed by hoarseness and neck mass sensation. Cricoid cartilage was the most usual location. Survival rate was influenced by both surgical technique (log-rank = 11.7; p = 0.008) and the degree of tumour histologic differentiation (log-rank = 18.3; p = 0.003)

Use of the fractal dimension to differentiate epithelium and connective tissue in oral leukoplakias

Background: Oral leukoplakia (OL) is considered one of the most common potentially malignant oral disorders (OPMD), with a verified increased risk of developing oral cancer. The identification of the dysplasia grade (low–high) is the only consolidated factor used to evaluate this risk. The objective of this study was to verify the role of the fractal dimension (FD) in assessing this dysplasia. Methods: To begin, 29 OL and 10 normal oral mucosa (NOM) biopsies were retrieved for FD analysis of the epithelial (dime) and the connective (dimc) tissue. Results: In the OL group, the median value of dime is higher (1.67, IQR = 0.12) than for the NOM group (1.56, IQR = 0.08), with statistically significant differences (Wilcoxon test, p = 0.0031). There were no differences in relation to dimc. Significant differences were observed between the non-dysplasia vs. high-grade (p = 0.0156) and low-grade vs. high-grade (p = 0.0049) groups. No significant differences were identified in relation to dimc for the different degrees of dysplasia. For a cut-off point of 1.44 of dime, a specificity of 96.6% was obtained, a sensitivity of 100%, and an AUC = 0.819 (p = 0.003). Conclusions: FD at the level of the epithelium may be used as a diagnostic tool in OLThis research was funded by Santiago de Compostela UniversityS

Dissecting the proton transport pathway in oral squamous cell carcinoma: state of the art and theranostics implications

Cancer cells overexpress proton exchangers at the plasma membrane in order acidify the extracellular matrix and maintain the optimal pH for sustaining cancer growth. Among the families of proton exchangers implicated in carcinogenesis, carbonic anhydrases (CAs), monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs), Na+/H+ exchangers (NHEs), sodium bicarbonate cotransporters (NBCs), and vacuolar ATPases (V-ATPases) are highlighted. Considerable research has been carried out into the utility of the understanding of these machineries in the diagnosis and prognosis of several solid tumors. In addition, as therapeutic targets, the interference of their functions has contributed to the discovery or optimization of cancer therapies. According to recent reports, the study of these mechanisms seems promising in the particular case of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). In the present review, the latest advances in these fields are summarized, in particular, the usefulness of proton exchangers as potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in OSCCS

Alveolar bone loss, platelet and glycosylated haemoglobin levels in 239 patients. A clinical study

The relation between periodontal disease and systemic pathologies is still not widespread among general practitioners. The aim of our study is to evaluate whether or not periodontal radiological diagnosis can aid the detection of blood alterations associated with acquired systemic diseases. This is a cross sectional study. All of the participants underwent a panoramic radiograph and a complete blood test. Morphological bone loss was considered as positive in those patients who showed radiographically more than 1 tooth with bone loss greater than or equal to the middle third of the root. The statistical analysis was performed by comparing the variables using the ANOVA or U-Mann-Whitney tests for independent samples with normal conditions. The correlation coefficient was analysed using the Pearson test. 239 patients were included in our study (96 men and 143 women) with an average age of 64.40 years. 59.04% of the patients were determined as morphological bone loss positive and had on average 4 teeth less than negative patients (p <0.0001). Also the average platelet levels in positive patients were lower (p = 0.024) and mean levels of HBA1c (p = 0.009) were higher. Morphological bone loss parameter can be useful both for dentists and general practitioners to refer, subsequently, to periodontal specialist

Biomarkers to predict the onset of biphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw : a systematic review

The goal of this paper was to identify available biomarkers to predict the onset of biphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ). Case-control studies comparing the different concentrations of a series of molecules detected in serum and urine as matrices of BRONJ affected patients vs. non-affected were included. PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews were used for the present paper. Two reviewers independently screened electronic databases (Medline, Web of science, and The Cochrane Library) and performed hand searches. Risk of bias assessment of selected studies was performed by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. This study is registered as PROSPERO CRD42017078149. From a total of 601 identified studies, 7 (4 articles with high methodological quality and 3 with medium) articles were included. They investigate 2623 patients, of whom 91 (3.47%) developed BRONJ. A total of 7 biomarkers were identified and classified into 3 groups: bone turnover, angiogenesis and endocrine markers. Conflicting results were found in relation to most biomarkers. The present review suggests that no useful markers are currently available to evaluate BRONJ risk. Nevertheless, the present paper indicates that a paradigm shift from bone turnover biomarkers to angiogenesis and endocrine markers could shed light on this search

20 years of alveolar distraction : a systematic review of the literature

The Vertical Alveolar Distraction Osteogenesis (VADO) technique is an excellent solution for bone and soft tissue neoformation in areas in which there has been significant bone atrophy that hinders normal rehabilitation using dental implants. The goal of this systematic review is to analyze the most relevant articles published on VADO in the literature over the past 20 years. The review was performed by using the keywords: ?alveolar ridge?, ?distraction ostegenesis? and ?dental implant?. This search produced a total result of 240 articles. The clinical studies and cases reported in humans amounted to 113 articles, 18 articles referred to studies developed on animals and 33 review articles. The presentation of this systematic analysis follows the criteria described in the PRISMA declaration. 22 articles complied with the inclusion criteria and 7 articles more were added manually, reaching a total sample of 29 studies. Following the analysis of the studies, they were classified into 18 high-quality, 10 mediumquality and 1 low-quality study. Only 4 studies achieved a maximum score of 9 (according to NewCastle Ottawa Scale, NOS). VADO is a technique with greater potential in vertical gain. The performance of dental implants has a success and survival rate similar to dental implants placed on bones that are not subject to increase techniques

Identification of Prognosis Associated microRNAs in HNSCC Subtypes Based on TCGA Dataset

We calculate the effects of doping nanostructuration and the patterning of thin films of high-temperature superconductors (HTS) with the aim of optimizing their functionality as sensing materials for resistive transition-edge bolometer devices (TES). We focus, in particular, on spatial variations of the carrier doping into the CuO 2 layers due to oxygen off-stoichiometry, (that induce, in turn, critical temperature variations) and explore following two major cases of such structurations: First, the random nanoscale disorder intrinsically associated to doping levels that do not maximize the superconducting critical temperature; our studies suggest that this first simple structuration already improves some of the bolometric operational parameters with respect to the conventional, nonstructured HTS materials used until now. Secondly, we consider the imposition of regular arrangements of zones with different nominal doping levels (patterning); we find that such regular patterns may improve the bolometer performance even further. We find one design that improves, with respect to nonstructured HTS materials, both the saturation power and the operating temperature width by more than one order of magnitude. It also almost doubles the response of the sensor to radiationThis work was supported by projects FIS2016-79109-P (AEI/FEDER, UE) and AYA2016-78773-C2-2-P(AEI/FEDER, UE), by the Xunta de Galicia under grants ED431D 2017/06 and ED431C 2018/11, the Consellería de Educación Program for Development of a Strategic Grouping in Materials AeMAT under Grant No. ED431 2018/08, Xunta de Galicia, and by the CA16218 nanocohybri COST Action. JCV thanks the Spanish Ministry of Education for grant FPU14/00838S

Protein-based salivary biomarkers for the diagnosis of periodontal diseases: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis was aimed at determining differentially expressed protein-based biomarkers detectable in the saliva for the diagnosis of major periodontal diseases. Methods: A literature review was conducted through January 31, 2022. The methodological quality and risk of bias were assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for case-control studies. Heterogeneity among studies was analysed with the Q statistical test and the I2 test. p-values lower than 0.10 and I2 values higher than 50% indicated high heterogeneity among studies; therefore, the random-effects model was used. The analysis of biological pathways associated with the differentially expressed protein markers was performed with the STITCH integration analysis tool and was limited to interactions with high confidence levels (0.7). Results: Of all protein-based biomarkers detected, 12 were suitable for meta-analysis: IL-1beta, MIP-1alpha, albumin, TNF-alpha, ICTP, Ig-A, lactoferrin, MMP-8, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17 and PGE2. The salivary markers with high applicability were IL-1beta for differentiating patients with chronic periodontal disease from patients with gingivitis with an OE=73.5pg/mL; ICTP for differentiating patients with chronic periodontal disease from healthy control patients with an OE=0.091ng/mL; and PGE2 for differentiating patients with chronic periodontal disease from healthy control patients with an OE=36.3pg/mL. Conclusions: The biomarkers with the highest differential expression and the greatest potential for clinical applicability are IL-1beta for differentiating periodontitis from gingivitis, and ICTP and PGE2 for differentiating periodontitis from healthy status

Patient-centered web-based information on oral lichen planus : quality and readability

To assess the readability and quality of web-based information available for patients about oral lichen planus (OLP). Three major search engines (Google, Bing and Yahoo!) were used to identify websites of particular interest to the study using the search term ?oral lichen planus?. The first 100 sites of each search engine were considered for the study. The quality of the contents was evaluated using the DISCERN instrument. The Flesch-Kinkaid Reading Grade Level (FKRGL) and the Flesh Reading Ease Score (FRES) were used to assess readability. The presence of the Health on the Net (HON) seal was also evaluated. Following the application of the study?s exclusion criteria, only 28 websites were compiled for further analysis. The median of the DISCERN instrument was 3 [2-3] which means serious or potentially important shortcoming in the quality of the information. Readability indexes pointed to a high reading difficulty (FRES: 48.14±11.22; FKRGL:11.13±2.90). The information provided by the Internet to the general public regarding OLP has major deficits in terms of quality, and at the same time is difficult for a comprehensive reading. Further studies are warranted to test well-produced patient-centered information on OLP