4 research outputs found
Factors that Influence Mothers’ Use of Safety Rules with Their Preschoolers
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Rochester. School of Nursing. Dept. of Health Practice Research, 2010.Unintentional injuries are the leading cause of death in American children. Despite public health efforts to reduce environmental hazards, injuries have replaced diseases as the principal cause of mortality and morbidity in children. The epidemiology of childhood injury is well documented but there is little research evidence linking maternal childrearing beliefs to parental safety behaviors. The purpose of this descriptive correlational study was to explore the relationship between maternal childrearing beliefs and the use of rules among mothers of preschool children as well as to examine the influence of other contextual factors that may influence this relationship by testing a theory-driven conceptual model derrived from the literature. The sample consisted of 278 dyads, comprised of mothers and their three year old children. Results indicated that there was a small, but significant relationship between maternal childrearing beliefs and the use of safety rules and rules in general. However, the relationship differed depending on the type of childrearing belief. In this sample, restrictive/authoritarian beliefs were related to overall rule insistence, reminders about both safety rules and rules in general, and the endorsement of more rules overall. Nurturance/authoritative beliefs were related to safety rule insistence and the endorsement of fewer rules overall. Contextual variables, such as child temperament, parenting experience and social support moderated the relationship between maternal childrearing beliefs and the use of rules, but in differing ways depending on the type of childrearing belief. Based on these results, it appears that in a given context, mothers’ use of safety rules may operate differently compared to the use of rules in general. This has not been previously demonstrated. The study results provide some evidence of a link between maternal childrearing beliefs and subsequent parental safety behaviors as well as the influence of contextual variables on the relationship. These results highlight the need for continued research examining the influence of multiple risk factors on parental safety behaviors using two and three way interactions
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Variability in Collection and Use of Race/Ethnicity and Language Data in 93 Pediatric Hospitals
To describe how pediatric hospitals across the USA and Canada collect race/ethnicity and language preference (REaL) data and how they stratify quality and safety metrics using such data.
Pediatric hospitals from the Solutions for Patient Safety network (125 US, 6 Canadian) were surveyed between January and March 2018 on collection and use of patient/family race/ethnicity data and patient/family language preference data. The study team created the survey using a formal process including pre-testing. Responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics.
Ninety-three of 131 (71%) hospitals completed the survey (87/125 [70%] US, 6/6 [100%] Canadian). Patient race/ethnicity was collected by 95%, parent/guardian race/ethnicity was collected by 31%, and 5/6 Canadian hospitals collected neither. Minimum government race/ethnicity categories were used without modification/addition by 68% of US hospitals. Eleven hospitals (13%) offered a multiracial/multiethnic option. Most hospitals reported collecting language preferences of parent/guardian (81%) and/or patient (87%). A majority provided formal training on data collection for race/ethnicity (70%) and language preferences (70%); fewer had a written policy (41%, 51%). Few hospitals stratified hospital quality and safety measures by race/ethnicity (20% readmissions, 20% patient/family experience, 16% other) or language preference (21% readmissions, 21% patient/family experience, 8% other).
The variability of REaL data collection practices among pediatric hospitals highlights the importance of examining the validity and reliability of such data, especially when combined from multiple hospitals. Nevertheless, while improvements in data accuracy and standardization are sought, efforts to identify and eliminate disparities should be developed concurrently using existing data