Correlating contexts and NFR conflicts from event logs

In the design of autonomous systems, it is important to consider the preferences of the interested parties to improve the user experience. These preferences are often associated with the contexts in which each system is likely to operate. The operational behavior of a system must also meet various non-functional requirements (NFRs), which can present different levels of conflict depending on the operational context. This work aims to model correlations between the individual contexts and the consequent conflicts between NFRs. The proposed approach is based on analyzing the system event logs, tracing them back to the leaf elements at the specification level and providing a contextual explanation of the system’s behavior. The traced contexts and NFR conflicts are then mined to produce Context-Context and Context-NFR conflict sequential rules. The proposed Contextual Explainability (ConE) framework uses BERT-based pre-trained language models and sequential rule mining libraries for deriving the above correlations. Extensive evaluations are performed to compare the existing state-of-the-art approaches. The best-fit solutions are chosen to integrate within the ConE framework. Based on experiments, an accuracy of 80%, a precision of 90%, a recall of 97%, and an F1-score of 88% are recorded for the ConE framework on the sequential rules that were mined

Driving the Technology Value Stream by Analyzing App Reviews

An emerging feature of mobile application software is the need to quickly produce new versions to solve problems that emerged in previous versions. This helps adapt to changing user needs and preferences. In a continuous software development process, the user reviews collected by the apps themselves can play a crucial role to detect which components need to be reworked. This paper proposes a novel framework that enables software companies to drive their technology value stream based on the feedback (or reviews) provided by the end-users of an application. The proposed end-to-end framework exploits different Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks to best understand the needs and goals of the end users. We also provide a thorough and in-depth analysis of the framework, the performance of each of the modules, and the overall contribution in driving the technology value stream. An analysis of reviews with sixteen popular Android Play Store applications from various genres over a long period of time provides encouraging evidence of the effectiveness of the proposed approach

Things as a service: Service model for IoT

Leveraging the benefits of service computing technologies for Internet of Things (IoT) can help in rapid system development, composition and deployment. But due to the massive scale, computational and communication constraints, existing software service models cannot be directly applied for IoT based systems. Service discovery and composition mechanism need to be decentralized unlike majority of other service models. Moreover, IoT services' interfaces require to be light weight and able to expose the device profile for seamless discovery onto the IoT based system infrastructure. In addition to this, the 'things' data should be associated with its present context. To address these issues, this paper proposes a formal model for IoT services. The service model includes the physical property of 'things' and exposes it to the user. It also associates the context with the 'things' output, which in turn helps in extracting relevant information from the 'things' data. To evaluate our IoT service model, a weather monitoring system and its associated services are implemented using node.js [31]. The service data is mapped to SSN ontology for generating context-rich RDF data. This way, the proposed IoT service model can expose the device profile to the user and incorporate relevant context information with the things data

Studies on ZnO Nanorods Synthesized by Hydrothermal Method and their Characterization

ZnO nanorods, with a wide band gap of 3.37 eV have been attracting much attention due to its wide range of applications. Looking to this aspect in the present paper, ZnO nanorods were synthesized by hydrothermal method at 120 C for 2 hrs in an autoclave by using zinc acetate and sodium hydroxide as the starting materials. The final product obtained was then characterized by Energy Dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED) and Raman Spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction and Raman spectra showed that ZnO nanorods are belonging to wurtzite structure without any impurity phases. The ZnO nanorods shows polycrystalline behaviour as observed from SAED pattern and the calculated lattice parameters from this pattern which matches with the XRD results.The optical properties of the ZnO nanorods were then further studied with the help of absorption, photoluminescence (PL) and FTIR spectra. The optical energy band gap determined from the absorption spectra comes about 3.33 eV. In the photoluminescence spectra of ZnO nanorods the UV emission appears at 380 nm and strong blue emission appears at 445 nm. FTIR spectra indicate the existence of distinct characteristic absorption peak at 520 cm – 1 for ZnO stretching modes. The potential toxicity of nanosized ZnO nanorods were investigated using Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marceseus and Proteus vulgaris bacteria as test organism. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/3560

Is current floodplain management a cause for concern for fish and bird conservation in Bangladesh’s largest wetland?

Worldwide, water regulatory structures have impacts on aquatic ecological connectivity. This study determined the effects of current sluice management on the fish community in the Baral River, a major connection to the largest wetland (Chalan Beel) in Bangladesh. It also examines wider problems for biodiversity conservation (particularly waterbirds) in that wetland, which has shrunk to 30% of its former dry-season size in 50 years. During the flood period, the peak breeding time for native floodplain fishes, sluices were in undershot operation (open by 16–60% of water depth). During this time, fish abundance and species richness were 229% and 155% higher respectively at sites upstream of the sluices, despite similar habitat upstream and downstream. Outside this period, when sluices were fully open, abundance and species richness were similar upstream and downstream. Fish samples were dominated by fry, which are susceptible to damage by sluices. Twenty (41.7%) of 48 fish species captured in this study are classed as threatened in Bangladesh and their abundance was significantly lower downstream of the sluices. Two alien species, Aristichthys nobilis and Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, were recorded, probably escapees from local aquaculture activities. Twenty-five species of wetland birds were recorded in the Chalan Beel. From interviews, 64% of these species appear to have decreased in the last 20 years, together with 11 more species that may have become locally extinct over this period. This suggests that widespread ecological disruption is occurring. Improved water management (e.g. gate opening height and duration) or modification (e.g. fish pass) of the Baral sluices is needed, to meet biodiversity and fisheries needs, rather than just for flood control and crop production. Improved hydrological and ecological connectivity and habitat protection are needed, as are a cessation of destructive fishing and seasonal fish ranching practices that currently provide synergistic pressures

Computer Information Systems and Industrial Management

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Computer Information Systems and Industrial Management, CISIM 2012, held in Venice, Italy, in September 2012. The 35 revised full papers presented together with 2 keynote talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 80 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on security, access control and intrusion detection; pattern recognition and image processing; biometric applications; algorithms and data management; networking; and system models and risk assessment

Municipal wastewater can result in a dramatic decline in freshwater fishes: a lesson from a developing country

Impacts of ineffective wastewater management on the biodiversity of receiving waters in developing countries are poorly documented. Using a before-after-control-impact methodology, we measured the effects of untreated wastewater release on the fish community in the Barnoi River, Bangladesh. In 2006, prior to untreated wastewater discharge, fish abundance, species richness and water quality were similar across sampling sites. In 2016, after 8 years of wastewater release to the downstream reach, fish abundance and species richness were reduced by >47% and >35% respectively at downstream sites compared to unaffected upstream sites and >51% and >41% lower respectively compared to the pre-wastewater discharge period. The wastewater impact was particularly severe during months of low discharge (October–December). Water transparency, dissolved oxygen and pH were lower (P < 0.001) at impacted downstream sites compared to upstream sites. Nineteen species (41.3% of all species we recorded) are threatened in Bangladesh and the abundance of these species, except one, decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the impacted sites. We recommend improved wastewater management by applying primary treatment facilities and incorporating reedbed filtration as a mean of biological treatment, into the canals carrying wastewaters. The success of such measures should be tested with fish species that were most responsive to wastewater, using the indicator species concept

Mirage: A Microeconomic Resource Allocation System for Sensornet Testbeds

In this paper, we argue that a microeconomic resource allocation scheme, specifically the combinatorial auction, is well suited to testbed resource management. To demonstrate this, we present the Mirage resource allocation system. In Mirage, testbed resources are allocated using a repeated combinatorial auction within a closed virtual currency environment. Users compete for testbed resources by submitting bids which specify resource combinations of interest in space/time (e.g., "any 32 MICA2 motes for 8 hours anytime in the next three days") along with a maximum value amount the user is willing to pay. A combinatorial auction is then periodically run to determine the winning bids based on supply and demand while maximizing aggregate utility delivered to users. We have implemented a fully functional and secure prototype of Mirage and have been operating it in daily use for approximately four months on Intel Research Berkeley's 148-mote sensornet testbed.Engineering and Applied Science

Static Safety for an Actor Dedicated Process Calculus by Abstract Interpretation

The actor model eases the definition of concurrent programs with non uniform behaviors. Static analysis of such a model was previously done in a data-flow oriented way, with type systems. This approach was based on constraint set resolution and was not able to deal with precise properties for communications of behaviors. We present here a new approach, control-flow oriented, based on the abstract interpretation framework, able to deal with communication of behaviors. Within our new analyses, we are able to verify most of the previous properties we observed as well as new ones, principally based on occurrence counting