Mobilização precoce em pessoas submetidas a ventilação mecânica invasiva: Revisão Integrativa da Literatura

Introduction: Early mobilization in the intensive care unit is considered an important intervention in the prevention of complications related to immobility and mechanical ventilation, mainly in the development of generalized muscular weakness. Objective: To identify the benefits of the various therapeutic modalities used in the early mobilization of critically ill people submitted to invasive mechanical ventilation. Method: It was performed an integrative review. The following question was formulated through the PICo strategy - what is the state of knowledge about early mobilization in critically placed people submitted to invasive ventilation? The research was carried out on the EBSCOhost platform in September 2018, in the electronic databases CINAHL and MEDLINE and the period between January 2010 and September 2018 was defined. Results: Of the 397 articles identified, 9 articles were included. Early mobilization in person submitted to invasive mechanical ventilation is considered a safe practice, since the occurrence of adverse events is reduced. The main benefits are improvement of functional capacity, reduction of complications associated with immobility and invasive mechanical ventilation, reduction of the number of days under invasive mechanical ventilation and, consequently, the reduction of the days of ICU stay and hospitalization. This intervention reduces hospital morbidity and mortality. Conclusion: Early mobilization in people undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation is safe and contributes to health gains at both the person / family and organizational levels.Introducción: La movilización precoz en la unidad de cuidados intensivos se considera una intervención importante en la prevención de complicaciones relacionadas con la inmovilidad y la ventilación mecánica, principalmente en el desarrollo de debilidad muscular generalizada. Objetivo: Identificar los beneficios de las diversas modalidades terapéuticas utilizadas en la movilización precoz de las personas en situación crítica, sometidas a ventilación mecánica invasiva. Identificar los beneficios de las diversas modalidades terapéuticas utilizadas en la movilización precoz de las personas en situación crítica, sometidas a ventilación mecánica invasiva. Método: Se realizó una revisión integrativa de la literatura. Se formuló la siguiente cuestión: a través de la estrategia PICo: ¿cual el estado del conocimiento sobre la movilización precoz en personas en situación crítica sometidas a ventilación invasiva? La investigación se realizó en la plataforma EBSCOhost en septiembre de 2018, en las bases de datos electrónicas CINAHL y MEDLINE y se definió el período comprendido entre enero de 2010 y septiembre de 2018. Resultados: De los 397 artículos identificados, se incluyeron 9 artículos. La movilización precoz en persona sometida a ventilación mecánica invasiva se considera una práctica segura, ya que la aparición de eventos adversos es reducida. Los principales beneficios son la mejora de la capacidad funcional, disminución de las complicaciones asociadas a la inmovilidad y ventilación mecánica invasiva, reducción del número de días bajo ventilación mecánica invasiva y, consecuentemente, a la disminución de los días de permanencia en la UCI y de internamiento hospitalario. Esta intervención disminuye la morbilidad y mortalidad hospitalaria. Conclusión: La movilización precoz en personas sometidas a ventilación mecánica invasiva es segura y contribuye a las ganancias en salud tanto a nivel de la persona/familia, bien organizacional.Introdução: A mobilização precoce na unidade de cuidados intensivos é considerada uma intervenção importante na prevenção de complicações relacionadas com a imobilidade e a ventilação mecânica, principalmente no desenvolvimento de fraqueza muscular generalizada. Objetivo: Identificar os benefícios das várias modalidades terapêuticas utilizadas na mobilização precoce das pessoas em situação crítica, submetidas a ventilação mecânica invasiva. Método: Realizou-se uma revisão integrativa da literatura. Formulou-se a seguinte questão através da estratégia PICo - o qual o estado do conhecimento sobre a mobilização precoce em pessoas em situação critica submetidas a ventilação invasiva? A pesquisa foi realizada na plataforma EBSCOhost em setembro de 2018, nas bases de dados eletrónicas CINAHL e MEDLINE e foi definido o período compreendido entre janeiro de 2010 e setembro de 2018. Resultados: Dos 397 artigos identificados, foram incluídos 9 artigos. A mobilização precoce em pessoa submetida a ventilação mecânica invasiva é considerada uma prática segura, uma vez que a ocorrência de eventos adversos é reduzida. Os principais benefícios são melhoria da capacidade funcional, diminuição das complicações associadas à imobilidade e ventilação mecânica invasiva, redução do número de dias sob ventilação mecânica invasiva e, consequentemente, à diminuição dos dias de permanência na unidade de cuidados intensivos e de internamento hospitalar. Esta intervenção diminui a morbilidade e mortalidade hospitalar. Conclusão: A mobilização precoce em pessoas submetidas a ventilação mecânica invasiva é segura e contribui para os ganhos em saúde quer a nível da pessoa/família, quer organizacional

Cardiac Tamponade after Thrombolysis for Acute Ischemic Stroke - A Case with an Excellent Outcome Ana Vera-Cruz

Intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) is the established treatment for acute ischemic stroke and has been highly effective in reducing the neurological deficit. Serious adverse events are not uncommon, with hemorrhage being the major complication. We describe the case of a patient with acute ischemic stroke that also presented with vague cardiac symptoms and was treated with rtPA, which was complicated by a hemopericardium causing cardiac tamponade. Pericardiocentesis was promptly performed, which resulted in rapid resolution of the cardiogenic shock. The patient recovered consciousness within a few minutes. A search of the MEDLINE database shows that this is the first report of cardiac tamponade after rtPA thrombolysis occurring in a patient with no history of recent myocardial infarction or aortic dissection

a detailed view of the methodology

Rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMD) are prevalent and leading causes of disability and consumption of healthcare and social resources. EpiReumaPt is a national population-based survey developed by the Portuguese Society of Rheumatology that aimed to estimate the prevalence of RMDs and determine their impact on function, quality of life, mental health and use of healthcare resources. This article describes in detail the design, methodology and planned analyses of EpiReumaPt. Recruitment started in September 2011 and finished in December 2013. This study involved a three-stage approach. The first step was a face-to-face survey performed by trained interviewers at the household of 10,661 subjects who where randomly selected by a stratified multistage sampling. A highly sensitive screening questionnaire for RMDs was used. Secondly, participants who screened positive (64%) for at least one RMD as well as 20% of individuals with a negative screening were invited for assessment by a rheumatologist. In total, 3,877 subjects participated in this second phase, where they were also invited to donate a blood sample to be stored at the Biobanco-IMM. History and physical examination, followed by appropriate laboratory and imaging tests were performed. At the end of the visit, the rheumatologist established a diagnosis. Finally, a team of three experienced rheumatologists reviewed all the clinical data and defined the diagnoses according to previously validated criteria. The EpiReumaPt dataset, containing data from several questionnaires, various clinical measurements and information from laboratory and imaging tests, comprises an invaluable asset for research. The large amount of information collected from each participant and the large number of participants, with a wide age range covering and being representative of the adults from the entire country, makes EpiReumaPt the largest study of RMDs performed in Portugal.publishersversionpublishe

Results from EpiReumaPt- a national health survey

Objectives: To estimate the national prevalence of rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs) in the adult Portuguese population and to determine their impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL), physical function, anxiety and depression. Methods: EpiReumaPt is a national health survey with a three-stage approach. First, 10 661 adult participants were randomly selected. Trained interviewers undertook structured face-to-face questionnaires that included screening for RMDs and assessments of health-related quality of life, physical function, anxiety and depression. Second, positive screenings for ≥1 RMD plus 20% negative screenings were invited to be evaluated by a rheumatologist. Finally, three rheumatologists revised all the information and confirmed the diagnoses according to validated criteria. Estimates were computed as weighted proportions, taking the sampling design into account. Results: The disease-specific prevalence rates (and 95% CIs) of RMDs in the adult Portuguese population were: low back pain, 26.4% (23.3% to 29.5%); periarticular disease, 15.8% (13.5% to 18.0%); knee osteoarthritis (OA), 12.4% (11.0% to 13.8%); osteoporosis, 10.2% (9.0% to 11.3%); hand OA, 8.7% (7.5% to 9.9%); hip OA, 2.9% (2.3% to 3.6%); fibromyalgia, 1.7% (1.1% to 2.1%); spondyloarthritis, 1.6% (1.2% to 2.1%); gout, 1.3% (1.0% to 1.6%); rheumatoid arthritis, 0.7% (0.5% to 0.9%); systemic lupus erythaematosus, 0.1% (0.1% to 0.2%) and polymyalgia rheumatica, 0.1% (0.0% to 0.2%). After multivariable adjustment, participants with RMDs had significantly lower EQ5D scores (β=-0.09; p<0.001) and higher HAQ scores (β=0.13; p<0.001) than participants without RMDs. RMDs were also significantly associated with the presence of anxiety symptoms (OR=3.5; p=0.006). Conclusions: RMDs are highly prevalent in Portugal and are associated not only with significant physical function and mental health impairment but also with poor HRQoL, leading to more health resource consumption. The EpiReumaPt study emphasises the burden of RMDs in Portugal and the need to increase RMD awareness, being a strong argument to encourage policymakers to increase the amount of resources allocated to the treatment of rheumatic patients.publishersversionpublishe

EpiReumaPt- the study of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal diseases in Portugal: A detailed view of the methodology

Rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMD) are prevalent and leading causes of disability and consumption of healthcare and social resources. EpiReumaPt is a national population-based survey developed by the Portuguese Society of Rheumatology that aimed to estimate the prevalence of RMDs and determine their impact on function, quality of life, mental health and use of healthcare resources. This article describes in detail the design, methodology and planned analyses of EpiReumaPt. Recruitment started in September 2011 and finished in December 2013. This study involved a three-stage approach. The first step was a face-to-face survey performed by trained interviewers at the household of 10,661 subjects who where randomly selected by a stratified multistage sampling. A highly sensitive screening questionnaire for RMDs was used. Secondly, participants who screened positive (64%) for at least one RMD as well as 20% of individuals with a negative screening were invited for assessment by a rheumatologist. In total, 3,877 subjects participated in this second phase, where they were also invited to donate a blood sample to be stored at the Biobanco-IMM. History and physical examination, followed by appropriate laboratory and imaging tests were performed. At the end of the visit, the rheumatologist established a diagnosis. Finally, a team of three experienced rheumatologists reviewed all the clinical data and defined the diagnoses according to previously validated criteria. The EpiReumaPt dataset, containing data from several questionnaires, various clinical measurements and information from laboratory and imaging tests, comprises an invaluable asset for research. The large amount of information collected from each participant and the large number of participants, with a wide age range covering and being representative of the adults from the entire country, makes EpiReumaPt the largest study of RMDs performed in Portugal