Localization and Amount of Thyroid Remnant in Totally Thyroidectomized

Objective:To determine the frequency, localization and amount of thyroid remnant in extracapsular thyroidectomized patients.Methods:We postoperatively evaluated the thyroid bed of 38 totally thyroidectomized patients using thyroid scintigraphy, a thyroid uptake study and bilateral neck ultrasonography (US) to determine the extent of residual thyroid tissues.Results:In scintigraphic assessment, thyroid remnant was not seen in the thyroid bed in 13 cases, minimal thyroid remnant was detected in 15 cases, and visible uptake was seen in 10 cases. Ultrasonographic findings revealed the presence of remnant in 12 cases. However, US did not detect all remnant tissues diagnosed by TS.Conclusion:This study demonstrates that minimal thyroid remnant is left in the majority of cases, even after extracapsular total thyroidectomy, especially in the upper and middle zones

Imaging Findings of Invasive Micropapillary Carcinoma of the Breast

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate imaging and histopathologic findings including the immunohistochemical characteristics of invasive micropapillary carcinoma (IMPC) of the breast. Methods: Twenty-nine patients diagnosed with IMPC were included in the present study. Mammographic, sonographic, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings were analyzed retrospectively according to the American College of Radiology Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System lexicon. 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) findings were also evaluated. Microscopic slides of surgical specimens were reviewed in consensus by two pathologists with a specialty in breast pathology. Results: Most IMPCs presented as a high density irregular mass with a non-circumscribed margin associated with microcalcifications on mammography, as an irregular hypoechoic mass with a spiculated margi

Survival Impact of Primary Tumor Resection in De Novo Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients (GEICAM/El Alamo Registry)

The debate about surgical resection of primary tumor (PT) in de novo metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients persists. We explored this approach's outcomes in patients included in a retrospective registry, named El Álamo, of breast cancer patients diagnosed in Spain (1990-2001). In this analysis we only included de novo MBC patients, 1415 of whom met the study's criteria. Descriptive, Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses were carried out. Median age was 63.1 years, 49.2% of patients had single-organ metastasis (skin/soft tissue [16.3%], bone [33.8%], or viscera [48.3%]). PT surgery (S) was performed in 44.5% of the cases. S-group patients were younger, had smaller tumors, higher prevalence of bone and oligometastatic disease, and lower prevalence of visceral involvement. With a median follow-up of 23.3 months, overall survival (OS) was 39.6 versus 22.4 months (HR = 0.59, p < 0.0001) in the S- and non-S groups, respectively. The S-group OS benefit remained statistically and clinically significant regardless of metastatic location, histological type, histological grade, hormone receptor status and tumor size. PT surgery (versus no surgery) was associated with an OS benefit suggesting that loco-regional PT control may be considered in selected MBC patients. Data from randomized controlled trials are of utmost importance to confirm these results

Age-related increases in parathyroid hormone may be antecedent to both osteoporosis and dementia

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Numerous studies have reported that age-induced increased parathyroid hormone plasma levels are associated with cognitive decline and dementia. Little is known about the correlation that may exist between neurological processing speed, cognition and bone density in cases of hyperparathyroidism. Thus, we decided to determine if parathyroid hormone levels correlate to processing speed and/or bone density.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The recruited subjects that met the inclusion criteria (n = 92, age-matched, age 18-90 years, mean = 58.85, SD = 15.47) were evaluated for plasma parathyroid hormone levels and these levels were statistically correlated with event-related P300 potentials. Groups were compared for age, bone density and P300 latency. One-tailed tests were used to ascertain the statistical significance of the correlations. The study groups were categorized and analyzed for differences of parathyroid hormone levels: parathyroid hormone levels <30 (n = 30, mean = 22.7 ± 5.6 SD) and PTH levels >30 (n = 62, mean = 62.4 ± 28.3 SD, p ≤ 02).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Patients with parathyroid hormone levels <30 showed statistically significantly less P300 latency (P300 = 332.7 ± 4.8 SE) relative to those with parathyroid hormone levels >30, which demonstrated greater P300 latency (P300 = 345.7 ± 3.6 SE, p = .02). Participants with parathyroid hormone values <30 (n = 26) were found to have statistically significantly higher bone density (M = -1.25 ± .31 SE) than those with parathyroid hormone values >30 (n = 48, M = -1.85 ± .19 SE, p = .04).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Our findings of a statistically lower bone density and prolonged P300 in patients with high parathyroid hormone levels may suggest that increased parathyroid hormone levels coupled with prolonged P300 latency may become putative biological markers of both dementia and osteoporosis and warrant intensive investigation.</p

THE IDEAL PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHER

The qualities that an ideal primary school teacher has to have according to the view of 109 teacher trainees were investigated. Data were collected from an open-ended question in which the participants' views about the ideal primary school teacher and the reasoning behind those views were explored. Content analysis, frequency analysis, and percentage techniques of the collected data resulted in 6 themes: ethical and humanistic values; teaching skills; cultural and scientific knowledge; personal qualities; interaction with society, environment, and parents; and self-values

THE ADAPTATION OF HOW I LEARN INVENTORY INTO TURKISH: VALIDITY AND

In this study, it was aimed to adapt "How I Learn Inventory" into Turkish. The validity of the structure and the concurrent, the internal-consistency and the reliability of test-repeated test were investigated in this study. As a result of investigating the language equivalence, it was found that there was a positive relationship between English and Turkish version of inventory. In order to analyse structure validity of the inventory, principal components analysis, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were used and items were grouped into four dimension. In the first and fourth groups there were seven items whereas in the second and third groups there were six items. In addition to this, in order to concurrent validity the inventory, Kolb Learning Style Inventory was used. For the reliability of the inventory, test-repeated test and Cronbach alpha internal consistency rates were used. The reliability is satisfactory

Prospective Teachers in Using Search Engines

Information searching skills have become increasingly important for prospective teachers with the exponential growth of learning materials on the web. This study is an attempt to understand the experiences of prospective teachers with search engines through metaphoric images and to further investigate whether their experiences are related to the variables of years spent in the program and years of experience with computers. Participants were comprised of 335 prospective classroom teachers registered at Pamukkale University, Faculty of Education, Primary School Teaching Program (1-5) in the Department of Elementary Education. In this descriptive study, data were collected through asking participants to produce a metaphor with reasoning that demonstrates their experiences with search engines. Gathered data were analyzed by using the techniques of content, frequency, and percentage analyses. Upon this procedure, themes were emerged. Chi-square test was used to identify whether participants' experiences relate to their years of computer experience and years spent in the program. Findings drew attention to the categories of provisions, opportunities, and problems in searching for information and demonstrated the dominance of problems with respect to other themes. Participants' experiences were not related to their experiences with computers but were related to their years in the program. Findings revealed a need to off er learning experiences to enhance prospective classroom teachers' searching skills

Google Search Engine

Problem Statement: The Internet is an important source whereby users attempt to meet their need of information through using one of the popular search engines. Likewise, research studies demonstrate that students and prospective teachers often visit the Internet to locate the information they need. This circumstance brings to mind the question of whether the users are equipped with the required knowledge and skills to use a search engine of their choice. When the literature is analyzed, it is seen that the issue is overly neglected.Purpose of Study: The purpose of this research is to identify prospective teachers' proficiencies in using a search engine. It first attempts to identify the preferred information sources by prospective teachers. Then it aims to discover whether prospective teachers are aware of the basic Google commands and how their awareness changes depending on the year spent in a teacher education program.Methods: Qualitative survey methodology was used in this study. Participants were 328 prospective teachers from Pamukkale University, Faculty of Education, the Primary School Teaching Program (1-5) in the Department of Elementary Education. The data were gathered through using a questionnaire including open-ended questions formed by the researchers. The gathered qualitative data were analyzed by employing content analysis technique. Findings were visualized through using figures.Findings and Results: Findings reveal that prospective teachers prefer to use the Internet as their primary information source, which is followed by printed materials, living sources, and personal experience. Despite this, the majority of the participants are either uninformed of Google search information or are attempting to use casual methods of searching for information. Upon investigating the change based on participants' grade levels, it is seen that the teacher education process has created a very limited impact on prospective teachers' knowledge of Google commands.Recommendations: Findings show the need for teacher education programs to open courses on the Internet and for researchers to have a thorough investigation of prospective teachers' experiences with the Internet and search engines

Prospective Teachers in Using Search Engines

Information searching skills have become increasingly important for prospective teachers with the exponential growth of learning materials on the web. This study is an attempt to understand the experiences of prospective teachers with search engines through metaphoric images and to further investigate whether their experiences are related to the variables of years spent in the program and years of experience with computers. Participants were comprised of 335 prospective classroom teachers registered at Pamukkale University, Faculty of Education, Primary School Teaching Program (1-5) in the Department of Elementary Education. In this descriptive study, data were collected through asking participants to produce a metaphor with reasoning that demonstrates their experiences with search engines. Gathered data were analyzed by using the techniques of content, frequency, and percentage analyses. Upon this procedure, themes were emerged. Chi-square test was used to identify whether participants' experiences relate to their years of computer experience and years spent in the program. Findings drew attention to the categories of provisions, opportunities, and problems in searching for information and demonstrated the dominance of problems with respect to other themes. Participants' experiences were not related to their experiences with computers but were related to their years in the program. Findings revealed a need to off er learning experiences to enhance prospective classroom teachers' searching skills