Origin of the Spin-Orbital Liquid State in a Nearly J=0 Iridate Ba3ZnIr2O9

We show using detailed magnetic and thermodynamic studies and theoretical calculations that the ground state of Ba3ZnIr2O9 is a realization of a novel spin-orbital liquid state. Our results reveal that Ba3ZnIr2O9 with Ir5+ (5d(4)) ions and strong spin-orbit coupling (SOC) arrives very close to the elusive J = 0 state but each Ir ion still possesses a weak moment. Ab initio density functional calculations indicate that this moment is developed due to superexchange, mediated by a strong intradimer hopping mechanism. While the Ir spins within the structural Ir2O9 dimer are expected to form a spin-orbit singlet state (SOS) with no resultant moment, substantial frustration arising from interdimer exchange interactions induce quantum fluctuations in these possible SOS states favoring a spin-orbital liquid phase down to at least 100 mK

Molecular epidemiological analysis of drug-resistant Acinetobacter sp. strains detected in a northern Osaka Prefecture medical facility

In recent years, the spread of drug-resistant bacteria has become a serious problem worldwide. Species of the genus Acinetobacter, a group of pathogens that commonly cause opportunistic infections, have also become increasingly drug resistant, and cases of healthcare-associated infections have been reported.In this study, we characterized 16 drug-resistant Acinetobacter sp. strains detected at a medical facility in northern Osaka Prefecture in 2019 and 2020 through molecular epidemiological analyses. Although a multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter which showed resistance to three classes of drugs, namely carbapenems, aminoglycosides, and new quinolones was not detected, seven strains were resistant to two drugs. Moreover, species and strain identification using the POT method revealed that 15 of the strains were A. baumannii and three of them were international clones which are known to cause outbreaks. In addition, one strain that could not be identified by the POT method was found to be A. dispersus through analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence. Our results indicate that the number of detected strains and POT types increased and diversified over the years. In addition, some clonal strains with the same POT value showed expansion of drug resistant, suggesting that the trends in drug resistance must continue to be closely monitored

Jahn-Teller driven electronic instability in thermoelectric tetrahedrite

Tetrahedrite, Cu12Sb4S13, is an abundant mineral with excellent thermoelectric properties owing to its low thermal conductivity. The electronic and structural origin of the intriguing physical properties of tetrahedrite, including its metal-to-semiconductor transition, remains largely unknown. This work presents the first determination of the low-temperature structure of tetrahedrite that accounts for its unique properties. Contrary to prior conjectures, our results show that the trigonal-planar copper cations remain in planar coordination below the metal-to-semiconductor transition. The atomic displacement parameters of the trigonal-planar copper cations, which have been linked to low thermal conductivity, increase by 200% above the metal-to-semiconductor transition. The phase transition is consequence of the orbital degeneracy of the highest occupied 3d cluster orbitals of the copper clusters found inside the sodalite cages in the cubic phase. This study reveals that a Jahn-Teller electronic instability leads to the formation of “molecular-like” Cu57+ clusters and suppresses copper rattling vibrations due to the strengthening of direct copper-copper interactions. Our first-principles calculations demonstrate that the structural phase transition opens a small band gap in the electronic density of states and eliminates the unstable phonon modes. The present results provide insights on the interplay between phonon transport, electronic properties and crystal structure in mixed-valence compounds

Study of the doubly charmed tetraquark T+cc

Quantum chromodynamics, the theory of the strong force, describes interactions of coloured quarks and gluons and the formation of hadronic matter. Conventional hadronic matter consists of baryons and mesons made of three quarks and quark-antiquark pairs, respectively. Particles with an alternative quark content are known as exotic states. Here a study is reported of an exotic narrow state in the D0D0π+ mass spectrum just below the D*+D0 mass threshold produced in proton-proton collisions collected with the LHCb detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The state is consistent with the ground isoscalar T+cc tetraquark with a quark content of ccu⎯⎯⎯d⎯⎯⎯ and spin-parity quantum numbers JP = 1+. Study of the DD mass spectra disfavours interpretation of the resonance as the isovector state. The decay structure via intermediate off-shell D*+ mesons is consistent with the observed D0π+ mass distribution. To analyse the mass of the resonance and its coupling to the D*D system, a dedicated model is developed under the assumption of an isoscalar axial-vector T+cc state decaying to the D*D channel. Using this model, resonance parameters including the pole position, scattering length, effective range and compositeness are determined to reveal important information about the nature of the T+cc state. In addition, an unexpected dependence of the production rate on track multiplicity is observed

A national study of potential cross-contamination resulting from kitchen cloths in domestic kitchens Final technical report

Includes bibliographical references. Title from coverSIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:m03/10750 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo