EVALUATION OF THE FIELD TRIPS TO ENVIRONMENTS FOR INFORMAL LEARNING: CASE OF THE 'ENERGY PARK

Informal education needs to organize activities in accordance with goals as with formal education institutions and consider how efficient these activities are in reaching predetermined goals. However, the learning gains might become limited when the informal education was not organized to accompany formal education or according to the attainment targets determined. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the field trip to "Energy Park" in terms of prospective science teachers' learning about some of the science concepts and their ideas about effectiveness of the field trip. In the present study a pre-post test experimental design was benefitted. Final year prospective science teachers (n=30) participated in this study. A questionnaire was designed and used as data collection instrument. To trace the changes in their ideas the questionnaire was used prior to and after the field trip. Questionnaire possessed open ended questions, some of which asked prospective teachers' expectations from the Energy Park. The rest of the questions aimed to gauge prospective teachers' learning of the science concepts addressed during the field trip. Visual resources (such as video, photographs, etc.) were also collected and used as data source for mapping out prospective science teachers' performance during the visit. The results of the analysis indicated that field trip helped prospective teachers to progress and strengthen the scientific concepts such as bio energy and air pollution whereas they learnt new concepts such as Perlite and Zeolite

Serum indoxyl sulfate concentrations associate with progression of chronic kidney disease in children

The uremic toxins indoxyl sulfate (IS) and p-cresyl sulfate (pCS) accumulate in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) as a consequence of altered gut microbiota metabolism and a decline in renal excretion. Despite of solid experimental evidence for nephrotoxic effects, the impact of uremic toxins on the progression of CKD has not been investigated in representative patient cohorts. In this analysis, IS and pCS serum concentrations were measured in 604 pediatric participants (mean eGFR of 27 ± 11 ml/min/1.73m2) at enrolment into the prospective Cardiovascular Comorbidity in Children with CKD study. Associations with progression of CKD were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier analyses and Cox proportional hazard models. During a median follow up time of 2.2 years (IQR 4.3-0.8 years), the composite renal survival endpoint, defined as 50% loss of eGFR, or eGFR <10ml/min/1.73m2 or start of renal replacement therapy, was reached by 360 patients (60%). Median survival time was shorter in patients with IS and pCS levels in the highest versus lowest quartile for both IS (1.5 years, 95%CI [1.1,2.0] versus 6.0 years, 95%CI [5.0,8.4]) and pCS (1.8 years, 95%CI [1.5,2.8] versus 4.4 years, 95%CI [3.4,6.0]). Multivariable Cox regression disclosed a significant association of IS, but not pCS, with renal survival, which was independent of other risk factors including baseline eGFR, proteinuria and blood pressure. In this exploratory analysis we provide the first data showing a significant association of IS, but not pCS serum concentrations with the progression of CKD in children, independent of other known risk factors. In the absence of comorbidities, which interfere with serum levels of uremic toxins, such as diabetes, obesity and metabolic syndrome, these results highlight the important role of uremic toxins and accentuate the unmet need of effective elimination strategies to lower the uremic toxin burden and abate progression of CKD

Bilimsel tartışma (argümantasyon) öğretim becerilerinin gelişimi: fen bilgisi öğretmen adayları ile durum çalışmaları

BİLİMSEL TARTIŞMA (ARGÜMANTASYON) ÖĞRETİM BECERİLERİNİN GELİŞİMİ: FEN BİLGİSİ ÖĞRETMEN ADAYLARI İLE DURUM ÇALIŞMALARI -------------------- SCIENTIFIC DISCUSSION (ARGUMENTATION) DEVELOPMENT OF TEACHING SKILLS: CASE STUDIES WITH PRESERVICE SCIENCE TEACHER

7-O-(B-D-Galaktopiranozil-(1-4)-B-D-Glikopiranozil)-apigenin total sentezi

06.03.2018 tarihli ve 30352 sayılı Resmi Gazetede yayımlanan “Yükseköğretim Kanunu İle Bazı Kanun Ve Kanun Hükmünde Kararnamelerde Değişiklik Yapılması Hakkında Kanun” ile 18.06.2018 tarihli “Lisansüstü Tezlerin Elektronik Ortamda Toplanması, Düzenlenmesi ve Erişime Açılmasına İlişkin Yönerge” gereğince tam metin erişime açılmıştır.Flavonoitler ve diğer polifenol glikozitler, pek çok meyve ve çiçeklerdeki renklerden sorumlu olan doğal bitki pigmentler grubu olup çevresel stres faktörlerine karşı, bitkilerde koruma sağlayan bileşiklerdir. Ayrıca antimikrobiyal, antikanser ve antioksidan özelliklerine sahiptirler. Nitekim yiyeceklerin, meyve sularının, bitkilerin ve arı poleninin pek çok tıbbi etkisinin direk olarak flavonoit içeriğinden kaynaklandığı bilinmektedir. Flavonoitler doğada çoğunlukla O-glikozitler halinde yaygın olarak bulunurlar. Kimyasal yapı ve şekillerinden kaynaklanan farklılıklar nedeniyle, polifenolik glikozitlerin sentezleri için yapılan çalışmalar önem kazanmaktadır.Bu çalışmada, endüstriyel ve ekonomik bir bileşik olan naringenin bileşiğinden başlanarak 7-O-(ß-D-galaktopiranozil-(1-4)-ß-D-glikopiranozil)-apigenin bileşiğinin sentezlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Total sentez; glikozilleme, asetilleme, oksidasyon ve komple deasetilleme basamaklarını içermektedir. Ürünlerin yapıları 1H NMR ve 13C NMR ile belirlendi.Flavonoids and other polyphenol glucosides are pigment group of natural plants of being responsible against colours in a lot of fruits and flowers. This compounds supply protection in plants for environmental stress factors. Additionally, they have antimicrobial, anticancer and antioxidant properties. Likewise foods, juices, plants and pollen of bee are directly known to take root countless medical effect from content of flavonoid. Flavonoids are usually prevalent in the form of O-glucosides in nature. Researches for synthesis of polyphenolic glucosides come into question, because of taking root from their chemical structures and configurations.In this study, being synthesized compound of Apigenin 7-O-(ß-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-4)-ß-D-glucopyranoside) has been aimed starting from naringenin, an industrial and economic compound. Total synthesis include such as steps of glucosidation, acetylation, oxidation and deacetylation. 1H NMR and 13C NMR of all the final products were elucidated

Bilimsel tartışma (argümantasyon) öğretim becerilerinin gelişimi: fen bilgisi öğretmen adayları ile durum çalışmaları

BİLİMSEL TARTIŞMA (ARGÜMANTASYON) ÖĞRETİM BECERİLERİNİN GELİŞİMİ: FEN BİLGİSİ ÖĞRETMEN ADAYLARI İLE DURUM ÇALIŞMALARI--------------------SCIENTIFIC DISCUSSION (ARGUMENTATION) DEVELOPMENT OF TEACHING SKILLS: CASE STUDIES WITH PRESERVICE SCIENCE TEACHER

Effect of Implicit Argumentation Education on PSTs' Understandings about NOS

The aim of education programs in the recent years is to develop the understandings of prospective science teachers (PSTs) who may have some inadequate and naive views on comprehension and dimensions of nature of science (NOS). There have been a number of attempt to teach NOS as explicit and implicit. However, limited number of studies have been carried out in order to find out the effect of teaching based on implicit argumentation over PSTs’ understanding of NOS. This research gap motivated the present study. Action research was benefitted in the research. VNOS-C consisting of open-ended questions was used as data collection tool. Additionally interviews were carried out with PSTs (n=16). Content analysis with qualitative and interpretive approach was carried out for the qualitative data. Findings of the study indicated that teaching via implicit argumentation has a positive effect on PSTs’ understandings about NOS even though teaching the NOS elements was not the main purpose of the intervention