Analyzing Predictors of Bullying Victimization at School

Bullying victimization in school settings is a serious problem in many countries including the United States. Bullying victimization has been associated with serious incidents of school violence as well as detrimental physical, psychological, emotional, and social consequences for its victims. Given its consequences, it is crucial to understand who is more likely to be targeted for bullying victimization. This study examines whether a number of important factors such as gender, physical and interactionist school security measures, and involvement in extracurricular activities influence individuals’ risk of bullying victimization from social bond and routine activity perspectives. The study employs the 2011 School Crime Supplement (SCS) of the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) to investigate the causes of bullying victimization. The results of this study show that gender, interactionist school security measures, and extracurricular activities impact individuals’ likelihood of bullying victimization

Analyzing Predictors of Bullying Victimization at School

Bullying victimization in school settings is a serious problem in many countries including the United States. Bullying victimization has been associated with serious incidents of school violence as well as detrimental physical, psychological, emotional, and social consequences for its victims. Given its consequences, it is crucial to understand who is more likely to be targeted for bullying victimization. This study examines whether a number of important factors such as gender, physical and interactionist school security measures, and involvement in extracurricular activities influence individuals’ risk of bullying victimization from social bond and routine activity perspectives. The study employs the 2011 School Crime Supplement (SCS) of the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) to investigate the causes of bullying victimization. The results of this study show that gender, interactionist school security measures, and extracurricular activities impact individuals’ likelihood of bullying victimization

Endoscopic "Push-Trough" Technique Cartilage Myringoplasty in Anterior Tympanic Membrane Perforations

ObjectivesTo evaluate endoscopic push-through technique cartilage myringoplasty results.MethodsThis prospective study was performed on patients with anterior tympanic membrane perforations and endoscopic push-through technique cartilage myringoplasty was performed between 2011 and 2013. The patients who did not have any cholesteatoma or otorrhea in the previous 3 months, and had an air bone gap ≤25 dB in their preoperative audiograms were included in the study. They were followed up with endoscopic examination and audiograms at 2nd, 6th, 12th, and 24th postoperative months. Pure tone averages were calculated at 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz frequencies.ResultsOf 32 patients, 19 were females and 13 were males. The mean age was 40.3 years (range, 16 to 62 years), and the mean follow-up period was 12.4 months (range, 6 to 24 months). Graft success rate was 87.5% in this study. Preoperative mean air conduction hearing threshold was 25.9 dB, and the mean air-bone gap was 11.9 dB while these values improved to 19.5 dB and 5.3 dB respectively in the postoperative period. The mean hearing gain was 6.4 dB. The analysis of preoperative and postoperative mean air conduction thresholds and air bone gap values of the patients revealed statistically significant differences.ConclusionUnderlay cartilage myringoplasty with endoscopic push-through technique in anterior quadrant tympanic membrane perforations is an effective, minimally invasive and feasible method

Alterations within the Coastal Urban Environments: Case of the Coastal Squares of Istanbul Megacity

Two-thirds of the megacities of the world are standing on the coastal areas. Today, coastal megacities are under the impact of varying factors like human-induced changes such as urbanization and mega projects and the natural ones as global climate change and natural disasters. Many European coastal cities are examining the impacts of the sea level change due to the global climate change. Regarding its long history, interplay with the sea and the drastic population, Istanbul captures a significant place both in Turkey and in the world. It is standing as a city, which is phase by phase losing its interaction with the sea due to the mega projects generated within the last decades. Although their limited number; public squares and parks attached with the promenades are the only openings to the sea and they contribute maintaining the continuity and sustainability of coastal identity. This chapter handles five significant historical squares and interrogates their interplay with the natural and physical challenges of the twenty-first century. Regarding this aim, case areas are evaluated by parameters of morphological attributes, formation of squares, qualification of the surfaces and coastal-based natural disaster impacts such as sea level rise and tsunami through literature-based studies and spatio-temporal diagrammatic maps

Diagnosis and treatment process of comorbid bipolar disorder in a patient diagnosed with autism: Case report

Depression is one of the main psychiatric comorbidity reported in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, some cases of bipolar disorder accompanying ASD have been reported. In the past, there was a tendency to attribute all psychiatric problems in autistic children and adults to autism itself. Nowadays, there is not only an increase in the number of studies on other medical conditions especially neurological conditions in ASD but also there is an increasing effort in defining the comorbide psychiatric disorders. Comorbid psychiatric conditions can make disease management difficult in cases of autism. The precise and reliable diagnosis of psychiatric disorders accompanying children and adolescents with autism is of great importance. More specific treatment options are possible when problematic behaviors are accepted only as a manifestation of comorbid psychiatric disorder from isolated behavior. In this case report, we aimed to present the diagnosis and management of an adolescent autism diagnosed patient and comorbid bipolar disorder

Długoterminowe wyniki radykalnej i zachowawczej chirurgii w późno rozpoznanych ciążach jajowodowych

Objective: To investigate long-term postoperative outcomes of conservative and radical surgery in ectopic tubal pregnancies, and evaluate the results of these techniques. Methods: A total of 145 patients that operated for tubal pregnancy between January 2006 and January 2009 were reviewed. Data on patient age, reproductive and surgical history, history of ectopic pregnancies, serum hCG levels at the time of diagnosis and intraoperative observation were retrospectively obtained from hospital records. Telephone interviews were used to obtain information about exact postoperative time interval in which the patients were trying to get pregnant, and the time when they spontaneously became pregnant. Results: There was no significant difference in cumulative spontaneous intrauterine pregnancy rate for a 2-year of conception period subsequent to conservative (64.3%) and radical (58.3%) surgery (p=0.636). During the same time interval, the rates of development of ectopic pregnancy for the conservative and radical surgery groups were 17.9% and 4.2%, respectively (p= 0.093). The patients who developed ectopic pregnancy after conservative surgery had significantly higher levels of serum hCG levels (7413+/-3155 IU/L) compared with those of patients who not-developed ectopic pregnancy (3436+/-2668 IU/L) (p=0.007). Conclusion: In late-diagnosed cases with higher serum hCG levels, conservative treatment should not be the first choice. Indeed, our results suggested that the cumulative pregnancy rates are not significantly higher, and the risk of ectopic pregnancy recurrence may be increased with conservative surgery in late tubal pregnancies.Cel: Badanie długoterminowych pooperacyjnych wyników leczenia zachowawczego i radykalnego w ekotopowych ciążach jajowodowych i ocena rezultatów tych metod. Metody: Przeanalizowano grupę 145 pacjentek operowanych z powodu ciąży jajowodowej pomiędzy styczniem 2006 i styczniem 2009. Dane dotyczące wieku pacjentek, przeszłości położniczej, operacji, ciąż ektopowych, poziomu hCG w surowicy w momencie postawienia diagnozy oraz obserwacje z przebiegu operacji zostały retrospektywnie uzyskane z dokumentacji szpitalnej. Informacje na temat dokładnego czasu po operacji, w którym pacjentka starała się zajść w ciążę oraz czas do zajścia w ciążę uzyskano w rozmowie telefonicznej. Wyniki: Nie znaleziono istotnej różnicy w skumulowanym wskaźniku spontanicznych ciąż wewnątrzmacicznych w ciągu 2 lat obserwacji po zachowawczym (64,3%) i radykalnym (58,3%) leczeniu operacyjnym (p=0,636). W tym samym przedziale czasu, odsetek ciąż ektopowych wynosił dla zachowawczej i radykalnej chirurgii odpowiednio, 17,9% i 4,2%, p=0,093. Pacjentki, u których doszło do rozwoju ciąży pozamacicznej po zachowawczej operacji miały istotnie wyższe poziomy surowiczego hCG (7413+/-3155 IU/L) w porównaniu do tych pacjentek, u których nie doszło do ciąży pozamacicznej (3436+/-2668 IU/L), p=0,007. Wnioski: W późno rozpoznanych przypadkach ciąży ektopowej z wyższym poziomem hCG, zachowawcze postępowanie nie powinno być leczeniem z wyboru. Nasze wyniki wskazują na to, że skumulowany wskaźnik ciąż nie jest istotnie wyższy a ryzyko ponownej ciąży pozamacicznej może być zwiększone w przypadkach późnego rozpoznania ciąży jajowodowej leczonej zachowawczą chirurgią

Volume CXIV, Number 4, November 7, 1996

Objective: Turner syndrome (TS) is a chromosomal disorder caused by complete or partial X chromosome monosomy that manifests various clinical features depending on the karyotype and on the genetic background of affected girls. This study aimed to systematically investigate the key clinical features of TS in relationship to karyotype in a large pediatric Turkish patient population.Methods: Our retrospective study included 842 karyotype-proven TS patients aged 0-18 years who were evaluated in 35 different centers in Turkey in the years 2013-2014.Results: The most common karyotype was 45,X (50.7%), followed by 45,X/46,XX (10.8%), 46,X,i(Xq) (10.1%) and 45,X/46,X,i(Xq) (9.5%). Mean age at diagnosis was 10.2±4.4 years. The most common presenting complaints were short stature and delayed puberty. Among patients diagnosed before age one year, the ratio of karyotype 45,X was significantly higher than that of other karyotype groups. Cardiac defects (bicuspid aortic valve, coarctation of the aorta and aortic stenosis) were the most common congenital anomalies, occurring in 25% of the TS cases. This was followed by urinary system anomalies (horseshoe kidney, double collector duct system and renal rotation) detected in 16.3%. Hashimoto's thyroiditis was found in 11.1% of patients, gastrointestinal abnormalities in 8.9%, ear nose and throat problems in 22.6%, dermatologic problems in 21.8% and osteoporosis in 15.3%. Learning difficulties and/or psychosocial problems were encountered in 39.1%. Insulin resistance and impaired fasting glucose were detected in 3.4% and 2.2%, respectively. Dyslipidemia prevalence was 11.4%.Conclusion: This comprehensive study systematically evaluated the largest group of karyotype-proven TS girls to date. The karyotype distribution, congenital anomaly and comorbidity profile closely parallel that from other countries and support the need for close medical surveillance of these complex patients throughout their lifespa