Paleoetnología del área extremeña

Sin resume

A Embrapa Amazônia Oriental e o agronegócio do dendê no Pará.

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Contribuições da Embrapa Amazônia Oriental para o agronegócio do dendê.

Setor produtivo; Pesquisa e desenvolvimento; Estado da arte; Proposta de pesquisa da Embrapa Amazônia Oriental com o amarelecimento fatal do dendezeiro

Testing the non-unitarity of the leptonic mixing matrix at FASER

The FASER experiment has detected the first neutrino events coming from LHC. Near future high-statistic neutrino samples will allow us to search for new physics within the neutrino sector. Motivated by the forthcoming promising FASER neutrino data, we study its potential for testing the unitarity of the neutrino lepton mixing matrix. Although it would be challenging for FASER to have strong constraints on this kind of new physics, we discuss its role in contributing to a future improved global analysis.Comment: 8 pages, 1 figure, preprin

Diagnóstico da fertilidade do solo e do estado nutricional de cafeeiros na zona leste da Transamazônica, em agricultura familiar.

bitstream/item/63496/1/Oriental-Doc93.PD

A convenient decontraction procedure of internally contracted state-specific multireference algorithms

Internally contracted state-specific multireference MR algorithms, either perturbative such as CASPT2 or NEVPT2, or nonperturbative such as contracted MR configuration interaction or MR coupled cluster, are computationally efficient but they may suffer from the internal contraction of the wave function in the reference space. The use of a low dimensional multistate model space only offers limited flexibility and is not always practicable. The present paper suggests a convenient state-specific procedure to decontract the reference part of the wave function from a series of state-specific calculations using slightly perturbed zero-order wave functions. The method provides an orthogonal valence bond reading of the ground state and an effective valence Hamiltonian, the excited roots of which are shown to be relevant. The orthogonal valence bond functions can be considered quasidiabatic states and the effective valence Hamiltonian gives therefore the quasidiabatic energies and the electronic coupling among the quasidiabatic states. The efficiency of the method is illustrated in two case problems where the dynamical correlation plays a crucial role, namely, the LiF neutral/ionic avoided crossing and the F2 ground state wave functio

Mitogenomics of Central American weakly-electric fishes

Electric fishes are a diverse group of freshwater organisms with the ability to generate electric organ discharges (EODs) that are used for communication and electrolocation. This group (ca. 200 species) has originated in South America, and six species colonized the Central American Isthmus. Here, we assembled the complete mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) for three Central American electric fishes (i.e. Sternopygus dariensis, Brachyhypopomus occidentalis, and Apteronotus rostratus), and, based on these data, explored their phylogenetic position among Gymnotiformes. The three mitogenomes show the same gene order, as reported for other fishes, with a size ranging from 16,631 to 17,093 bp. We uncovered a novel 60 bp intergenic spacer (IGS) located between the COII and tRNALys genes, which appears to be unique to the Apteronotidae. Furthermore, phylogenetic relationships supported the traditional monophyly of Gymnotiformes, with the three species positioned within their respective family. In addition, the genus Apteronotus belongs to the early diverging lineage of the order. Finally, we found high sequence divergence (13%) between our B. occidentalis specimen and a sequence previously reported in GenBank, suggesting that the prior mitogenome of B. occidentalis represents a different South American species. Indeed, phylogenetic analyses using Cytochrome b gene across the genus placed the previously reported individual within B. bennetti. Our study provides novel mitogenome resources that will advance our understanding of the diversity and phylogenetic history of Neotropical fishesElectric fishes are a diverse group of freshwater organisms with the ability to generate electric organ discharges (EODs) that are used for communication and electrolocation. This group (ca. 200 species) has originated in South America, and six species colonized the Central American Isthmus. Here, we assembled the complete mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) for three Central American electric fishes (i.e. Sternopygus dariensis, Brachyhypopomus occidentalis, and Apteronotus rostratus), and, based on these data, explored their phylogenetic position among Gymnotiformes. The three mitogenomes show the same gene order, as reported for other fishes, with a size ranging from 16,631 to 17,093 bp. We uncovered a novel 60 bp intergenic spacer (IGS) located between the COII and tRNALys genes, which appears to be unique to the Apteronotidae. Furthermore, phylogenetic relationships supported the traditional monophyly of Gymnotiformes, with the three species positioned within their respective family. In addition, the genus Apteronotus belongs to the early diverging lineage of the order. Finally, we found high sequence divergence (13%) between our B. occidentalis specimen and a sequence previously reported in GenBank, suggesting that the prior mitogenome of B. occidentalis represents a different South American species. Indeed, phylogenetic analyses using Cytochrome b gene across the genus placed the previously reported individual within B. bennetti. Our study provides novel mitogenome resources that will advance our understanding of the diversity and phylogenetic history of Neotropical fishe

Symptoms and severity of visual stress in nursing students: implications for education and healthcare settings

Visual Stress reportedly affects 5-12% of the general population and 20-30% of people with dyslexia. Symptoms are characterized by visual discomfort and perceptual distortions when viewing lines of text, and can be exacerbated by fluorescent lighting and bright paper. In this study, nursing students reported their levels of visual discomfort while reading text on contemporary (ultra-white) paper and on beige-coloured paper, under either standard classroom-lighting (600 lux; n = 31) or reduced illumination(400 lux; n = 25). Under the standard lighting, 10(28%) of subjects reported notable levels of Visual Stress (scoring ≥15 on a visual discomfort scale of 1-30). When reading from the beige-coloured paper the group reported less discomfort across all six symptoms. These differences were statistically significant for five of the six symptoms and the total discomfort score. The results were similar but less pronounced for the group in the reduced illumination condition. This study found that Visual Stress-related reading discomfort can also affect capable readers and, moreover, that simple adjustments to lighting and/or visual media can alleviate such symptoms. The implications of these findings for organisational practice in education and healthcare settings are discussed. El estrés visual puede afectar del 5 al 12% de la población general y del 20 al 30% de las personas con dislexia. Los síntomas se caracterizan por incomodidad visual y distorsiones de la percepción visual en la lectura, y pueden agravarse con la iluminación fluorescente y el papel brillante. En este estudio, estudiantes de enfermería expresan niveles de incomodidad visual al leer texto en papel ultrablanco y en papel de color beige, ya sea con iluminación estándar del aula (600 lux; n = 31) o con iluminación reducida (400 lux ; n = 25). Bajo la iluminación estándar, 10 (28%) de los sujetos informaron niveles notables de estrés visual (puntuación ? 15 en una escala de1 a 30). Al leer en color beige, el grupo presentó menos malestar en los síntomas. Estas diferencias fueron estadísticamente significativas para cinco síntomas y el total de malestar. Los resultados fueron menos pronunciados para el grupo en la condición de iluminación reducida. Encontrándose que la incomodidad de lectura relacionada con estrés visual también puede afectar a lectores expertos y, además, que simples ajustes a la iluminación y/o medios visuales pueden reducirla. Se discuten las implicaciones para la práctica en entornos educativos y sanitarios

Influence of Different Phenolic Copigments on the Color of Malvidin 3-Glucoside

[EN]The effectiveness of seven phenolic compounds (catechin, epicatechin, procyanidin B2, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, myricitrin, and quercitrin) as copigments of malvidin 3-glucoside, the major anthocyanin in red wines from Vitis vinifera, using a copigment/pigment molar ratio of 1:1 was assayed ) in model wine solutions under the same conditions (pH 3.6, 12% ethanol). The stability of the copigment- ° pigment complexes formed was studied during a storage period of 60 days at 25 °C. Tristimulus colorimetry was applied for color characterization of the copigmentation process, and HPLC-DAD- MS was used to monitor changes in the composition of the samples. Copigmentation has been found to occur in all cases despite the low copigment/pigment molar ratio used, although the effect was different depending on the compound. Flavan-3-ols appeared as the less effective copigments, procyanidin B2 being even worse than monomeric flavanols, whereas flavonols behaved as the best ones. These latter copigments also induced the most statistically significant bathochromic shift in ìmax. In the colorimetric analysis, it was observed that the lightness L* of the copigmented solutions increased with time, chroma C*ab decreased, and the hue hab increased. The copigments *ab ab that produced a greater increase in the hue angle were the monomeric flavan-3-ols, which therefore showed to be the least protective cofactors against browning of the anthocyanin solution during the storage. With the time of storage, the formation of new pigments was observed in the solutions containing flavanols (xanthylium structures) and hydroxycinnamic acids (pyranoanthocyanins), whic

Sublingual misoprostol versus intramuscular oxytocin for prevention of postpartum hemorrhage in Uganda: a double-blind randomized non-inferiority trial

Background: Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is a leading cause of maternal death in sub-Saharan Africa. Although the World Health Organization recommends use of oxytocin for prevention of PPH, misoprostol use is increasingly common owing to advantages in shelf life and potential for sublingual administration. There is a lack of data about the comparative efficacy of oxytocin and sublingual misoprostol, particularly at the recommended dose of 600 mu g, for prevention of PPH during active management of labor. Methods and Findings: We performed a double-blind, double-dummy randomized controlled non-inferiority trial between 23 September 2012 and 9 September 2013 at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital in Uganda. We randomized 1,140 women to receive 600 mu g of misoprostol sublingually or 10 IU of oxytocin intramuscularly, along with matching placebos for the treatment they did not receive. Our primary outcome of interest was PPH, defined as measured blood loss >= 500 ml within 24 h of delivery. Secondary outcomes included measured blood loss >= 1,000 ml; mean measured blood loss at 1, 2, and 24 h after delivery; death; requirement for blood transfusion; hemoglobin changes; and use of additional uterotonics. At 24 h postpartum, primary PPH occurred in 163 (28.6%) participants in the misoprostol group and 99 (17.4%) participants in the oxytocin group (relative risk [RR] 1.64, 95% CI 1.32 to 2.05, p<0.001; absolute risk difference 11.2%, 95% CI 6.44 to 16.1). Severe PPH occurred in 20 (3.6%) and 15 (2.7%) participants in the misoprostol and oxytocin groups, respectively (RR 1.33, 95% CI 0.69 to 2.58, p = 0.391; absolute risk difference 0.9%, 95% CI -1.12 to 2.88). Mean measured blood loss was 341.5 ml (standard deviation [SD] 206.2) and 304.2 ml (SD 190.8, p = 0.002) at 2 h and 484.7 ml (SD 213.3) and 432.8 ml (SD 203.5, p<0.001) at 24 h in the misoprostol and oxytocin groups, respectively. There were no significant differences between the two groups in any other secondary outcomes. Women in the misoprostol group more commonly experienced shivering (RR 1.91, 95% CI 1.65 to 2.21, p<0.001) and fevers (RR 5.20, 95% CI 3.15 to 7.21, p = 0.005). This study was conducted at a regional referral hospital with capacity for emergency surgery and blood transfusion. High-risk women were excluded from participation. Conclusions: Misoprostol 600 mu g is inferior to oxytocin 10 IU for prevention of primary PPH in active management of labor. These data support use of oxytocin in settings where it is available. While not powered to do so, the study found no significant differences in rate of severe PPH, need for blood transfusion, postpartum hemoglobin, change in hemoglobin, or use of additional uterotonics between study groups. Further research should focus on clarifying whether and in which sub-populations use of oxytocin would be preferred over sublingual misoprostol