Igualación de tinturas por integración de empaquetados de lana.

En este trabajo se analiza la influencia de ciertas variables que intervienen en la tintura de empaquetados de lana, por el método de integración continua del colorante, sobre la igualación de la tintura. Se elige un colorante de tipo superbatanable de mala igualación y como variables del proceso, la temperatura, el caudal y la concentración del colorante. Como metodo de comparación se escoge el procedimiento estandard de aplicación del colorante ensayado. Se analizan las cinéticas de absorción de la tintura por integración por el método estandard. Se evalúa la igualación a través del empaquetado, llegandose a la conclusión que cada concentración de colorante requiere una temperatura a la cual se efectúe la integración, de forma que se produzca un agotamiento durante la integración del colorante, del orden del 80%, para obtener una tintura igualada, igual o ligeramente superior a la lograda por el método estandard. Este comportamiento es similar al encontrado en la tintura por integración de fibras acrilicas con colorantes básicos.The influence on the dyeing levelness exerted by some of the variable intervening in the dyeing of wool packages by the continous dye is examined in this paper. A supermilling dye with poor levelness was selected and the variables of the process were: temperature and dye flow and concentration. The standard procedure used in the application of the dye was selected for comparison purposes. The absorption kinetics of the integration dyeing were studied according to the standard method. Levelness was evaluated in the package and the conclusion was reached that each dye concentration requires certain temperature in which integration takes effect, so that an 80% exhaustion will have to occur during the dye integration so as to achieve a levelled dyeing, which is similar or slightly higher than the resulting from the standard method. This behaviour is the same as the one found in the integration of acrylic fibres with basic dyes.Dans ce travail on analyse l'influence de certaines variables intervenant dans la teinture d'empaquetages de laine, par la méthode d'integration continue du colorant, sur l'égalisation de la teinture. On choisit un colorant du type super foulon à mauvaise égalisation et, comme variables du processus, la température, le débit et la concentration du colorant. Comme méthode de comparaison on choisit le procédé standard d'application du colorant essayé. On analyse les cinétiques d'absoption de la teinture par intégration par la méthode standard. On évalue l'égalisation à travers l'empaquetage et on parvient à la conclusion que chaque concentration de colorant nécessite une température à laquelle I'intégration soit effectuée, de manibre qu'il se produise un épuisement pendant l'intégration du colorant, de l'ordre de 80%, pour l'obtention d'une teinture égalisée, égale ou légèrement supérieure à celle que l'on obtiendrait par la méthode standard. Ce comportement est similare à celui que l'on rencontre dans la teinture par intégration des fibres acryliques avec colorants basiques.Peer Reviewe

Codes of ethics in catalan organizations

The drafting of codes of ethics by non-profits around the world is a relatively recent phenomenon. Non-profits' concern with codes of ethics has to do with new concepts, which now form part of their interests: transparency, accountability, self-regulation, improving management, social responsibility and quality. This paper contains de main findings of research carried out on codes of ethics in the non-profit organizations of Catalonia. Its main goal was to discover how codes of ethics are introduced into Catalan organizations, and find out whether many institutions are introducing codes of ethics and, above all, what issues they address. The research does not provide data on application of the codes; instead, it concentrates on analysing the text

Discovering the Context of People With Disabilities : Semantic Categorization Test and Environmental Factors Mapping of Word Embeddings from Reddit

The World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning Disability and Health (ICF) conceptualizes disability not solely as a problem that resides in the individual, but as a health experience that occurs in a context. Word embeddings build on the idea that words that occur in similar contexts tend to have similar meanings. In spite of both sharing "context" as a key component, word embeddings have been scarcely applied in disability. In this work, we propose social media (particularly, Reddit) to link them. The objective of our study is to train a model for generating word associations using a small dataset (a subreddit on disability) able to retrieve meaningful content. This content will be formally validated and applied to the discovery of related terms in the corpus of the disability subreddit that represent the physical, social, and attitudinal environment (as defined by a formal framework like the ICF) of people with disabilities. Reddit data were collected from pushshift.io with the pushshiftr R package as a wrapper. A word2vec model was trained with the wordVectors R package using the disability subreddit comments, and a preliminary validation was performed using a subset of Mikolov analogies. We used Van Overschelde's updated and expanded version of the Battig and Montague norms to perform a semantic categories test. Silhouette coefficients were calculated using cosine distance from the wordVectors R package. For each of the 5 ICF environmental factors (EF), we selected representative subcategories addressing different aspects of daily living (ADLs); then, for each subcategory, we identified specific terms extracted from their formal ICF definition and ran the word2vec model to generate their nearest semantic terms, validating the obtained nearest semantic terms using public evidence. Finally, we applied the model to a specific subcategory of an EF involved in a relevant use case in the field of rehabilitation. We analyzed 96,314 comments posted between February 2009 and December 2019, by 10,411 Redditors. We trained word2vec and identified more than 30 analogies (eg, breakfast - 8 am + 8 pm = dinner). The semantic categorization test showed promising results over 60 categories; for example, s(A relative)=0.562, s(A sport)=0.475 provided remarkable explanations for low s values. We mapped the representative subcategories of all EF chapters and obtained the closest terms for each, which we confirmed with publications. This allowed immediate access (≤ 2 seconds) to the terms related to ADLs, ranging from apps "to know accessibility before you go" to adapted sports (boccia). For example, for the support and relationships EF subcategory, the closest term discovered by our model was "resilience," recently regarded as a key feature of rehabilitation, not yet having one unified definition. Our model discovered 10 closest terms, which we validated with publications, contributing to the "resilience" definition. This study opens up interesting opportunities for the exploration and discovery of the use of a word2vec model that has been trained with a small disability dataset, leading to immediate, accurate, and often unknown (for authors, in many cases) terms related to ADLs within the ICF framework

Movilidad y accesibilidad en la vivienda

Este monográfico del Observatorio de la Discapacidad Física (ODF) explora la situación de las personas con dificultades en la movilidad a partir de un entorno tan cercano cómo es el propio hogar. En esta ocasión se profundiza sobre las implicaciones del nuevo marco normativo de accesibilidad y se ponen de manifiesto los puntos débiles del mismo, con datos que provienen del Instituto Nacional de Estadística, el Observatorio de la Accesibilidad Universal en la Vivienda en España 2013, del Instituto de Estadística de Cataluña y del Ayuntamiento de Barcelona

The Impact of Body Mass Index on Functional Rehabilitation Outcomes of Working-age Inpatients with Stroke

BACKGROUND: Stroke is the most relevant cause of acquired persistent disability in adulthood. The relationship between patient’s weight during rehabilitation and stroke functional outcome is controversial, previous research reported positive, negative and no effects, with scarce studies specifically addressing working-age patients.AIM: To evaluate the association between Body Mass Index (BMI) and the functional progress of adult (\u3c65 \u3eyears) patients with stroke admitted to a rehabilitation hospital.DESIGN: Retrospective observational cohort study.SETTING: Inpatient rehabilitation center.POPULATION: 178 stroke patients (ischemic or hemorrhagic).METHODS: Point-biserial and Spearman’s correlations, multivariate linear regressions and analysis of covariance were used to describe differences in functional outcomes after adjusting for age, sex, severity, dysphagia, depression and BMI category. Functional Independence Measure (FIM), FIM gain, efficiency and effectiveness were assessed.RESULTS: Participants were separated in 3 BMI categories: normal weight (47%), overweight (33%) and obese (20%). There were no significant differences between BMI categories in any functional outcome (total FIM (TFIM), cognitive (CFIM), motor (MFIM)) at discharge, admission, gain, efficiency or effectiveness. In regression models BMI (as continuous variable) was not significant predictor of TFIM at discharge after adjusting for age, sex, severity, dysphagia, depression and ataxia (R2=0.4813), significant predictors were TFIM at admission (β = 0.528) and NIHSS (β=-0.208). MFIM efficiency did not significantly differ by BMI subgroups, neither did CFIM efficiency. Length of stay (LOS) and TFIM effectiveness were associated for normal (r=0.33) and overweight (r=0.43), but not for obese. LOS and TFIM efficiency were strongly negatively associated only for obese (r=-0.50).CONCLUSIONS: FIM outcomes were not associated to BMI, nevertheless each BMI category when individually considered (normal weight, overweight or obese) was characterized by different associations involving FIM outcomes and clinical factors. CLINICAL REHABILITATION IMPACT: In sub-acute post-stroke working-age patients undergoing rehabilitation, BMI was not associated to FIM outcomes (no obesity paradox was reported in this sample). Distinctive significant associations emerged within each BMI category, (supporting their characterization) such as length of stay and TFIM effectiveness were associated for normal weight and overweight, but not for obese. Length of stay and TFIM efficiency were strongly negatively associated only for obese

The impact of COVID-19 on home, social, and productivity integration of people with chronic traumatic brain injury or stroke living in the community

Compare community integration of people with stroke or traumatic brain injury (TBI) living in the community before and during the coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 disease (COVID-19) when stratifying by injury: participants with stroke (G1) and with TBI (G2); by functional independence in activities of daily living: independent (G3) and dependent (G4); by age: participants younger than 54 (G5) and older than 54 (G6); and by gender: female (G7) and male (G8) participants. Prospective observational cohort study In-person follow-up visits (before COVID-19 outbreak) to a rehabilitation hospital in Spain and on-line during COVID-19. Community dwelling adults (≥18 years) with chronic stroke or TBI. Community integration questionnaire (CIQ) the total-CIQ as well as the subscale domains (ie, home-CIQ, social-CIQ, productivity CIQ) were compared before and during COVID-19 using the Wilcoxon ranked test or paired t test when appropriate reporting Cohen effect sizes (d). The functional independence measure was used to assess functional independence in activities of daily living. Two hundred four participants, 51.4% with stroke and 48.6% with TBI assessed on-line between June 2020 and April 2021 were compared to their own in-person assessments performed before COVID-19. When analyzing total-CIQ, G1 (d = −0.231), G2 (d = −0.240), G3 (d = −0.285), G5 (d = −0.276), G6 (d = −0.199), G7 (d = −0.245), and G8 (d = −0.210) significantly decreased their scores during COVID-19, meanwhile G4 was the only group with no significant differences before and during COVID-19. In productivity-CIQ, G1 (d = −0.197), G4 (d = −0.215), G6 (d = −0.300), and G8 (d = −0.210) significantly increased their scores, meanwhile no significant differences were observed in G2, G3, G5, and G7. In social-CIQ, all groups significantly decreased their scores: G1 (d = −0.348), G2 (d = −0.372), G3 (d = −0.437), G4 (d = −0.253), G5 (d = −0.394), G6 (d = −0.319), G7 (d = −0.355), and G8 (d = −0.365). In home-CIQ only G6 (d = −0.229) significantly decreased, no significant differences were observed in any of the other groups. The largest effect sizes were observed in total-CIQ for G3, in productivity-CIQ for G6, in social-CIQ for G3 and in home-CIQ for G6 (medium effect sizes). Stratifying participants by injury, functionality, age or gender allowed identifying specific CIQ subtotals where remote support may be provided addressing them

PARTICIPA, social research project about disability

El Institut Guttmann impulsa y dirige el proyecto de investigación e innovación social sobre discapacidad PARTICIPA, una iniciativa compartida con las entidades representadas en el Consejo Social y de Participación de la institución. PARTICIPA nace con la finalidad de generar conocimiento útil para el colectivo de personas con discapacidad y las entidades sociales, marcándose por objetivo final la transformación social y la mejora de la calidad de vida de las personas con discapacidad. El estudio va dirigido a conocer cómo promocionar la participación en la sociedad de las personas con discapacidad en nuestro país. En este texto se realiza una breve exposición sobre el mismo: su motivación, marco teórico, dimensiones, objetivos e impacto esperado

Actores y modelos de gobernanza en las Smart cities

Governance actors and models promoting Smart cities are analyzed in this paper. The concepts of sustainability, efficiency, and participation are the the core of smart city paradigm. To configure Smart city, new tools of government are introduced, such as the public-private parteneship that promotes cooperation among local administrations and the energetic and technological sector. Are this kind of tools going to transform the model of urban governance? Is the Smart city an opportunity for public participation or, in the contrary, the occasion for private interests to influence urban policy? The case of Barcelona 2011-2015 is a good example for exploring the transformation that this model of urban governance could promote.En este trabajo se analizan los actores y modelos de gobernanza que promueven las Smart cities. Los conceptos de sostenibilidad, eficiencia y participación son el núcleo del paradigma de ciudad inteligente. Para configurar la Smart city se introducen nuevas herramientas de gobierno como los partenariados públicoprivados que fomentan la cooperación entre las administraciones locales y el sector energético y tecnológico. ¿Hasta qué punto este tipo de herramientas transforman el modelo de gobernanza urbana? ¿Es la Smart city una oportunidad para la participación ciudadana o, por el contrario, la ocasión para que los intereses privados influyan en las políticas urbanas? El caso de Barcelona entre 2011 y 2015 es un buen ejemplo para explorar la transformación que podría promover este modelo en la gobernanza urbana

Movilidad y accesibilidad en la vivienda

Este monográfico del Observatorio de la Discapacidad Física (ODF) explora la situación de las personas con dificultades en la movilidad a partir de un entorno tan cercano cómo es el propio hogar. En esta ocasión se profundiza sobre las implicaciones del nuevo marco normativo de accesibilidad y se ponen de manifiesto los puntos débiles del mismo, con datos que provienen del Instituto Nacional de Estadística, el Observatorio de la Accesibilidad Universal en la Vivienda en España 2013, del Instituto de Estadística de Cataluña y del Ayuntamiento de Barcelona