Expression profiling and localization of wall polysaccharides in the olive pollen during in vitro germination

1 página.-- Comunicación oral presentada en la XVIII Reunión de la Sociedad Española de Fisiología Vegetal (SEFV).-- Sesión Temática 2: Crecimiento y desarrollo.-- S2-O2.This work was supported by the Andalusian Regional Government (project P06-AGR-01791). C. Suarez thanks the MEC for providing FPI grant funding.Peer reviewe

Care of peripheral intravenous catheters in three hospitals in Spain: Mapping clinical outcomes and implementation of clinical practice guidelines

BACKGROUND: Peripheral intravenous catheters (PIVCs) are the most widely used invasive devices worldwide. Up to 42% of PIVCs are prematurely removed during intravenous therapy due to failure. To date, there have been few systematic attempts in European hospitals to measure adherence to recommendations to mitigate PIVC failures. AIM: To analyse the clinical outcomes from clinical practice guideline recommendations for PIVC care on different hospital types and environments. METHODS: We conducted an observational study in three hospitals in Spain from December 2017 to April 2018. The adherence to recommendations was monitored via visual inspection in situ evaluations of all PIVCs inserted in adults admitted. Context and clinical characteristics were collected by an evaluation tool, analysing data descriptively. RESULTS: 646 PIVCs inserted in 624 patients were monitored, which only 52.7% knew about their PIVC. Regarding PIVC insertion, 3.4% (22/646) patients had at least 2 PIVCs simultaneously. The majority of PIVCs were 20G (319/646; 49.4%) and were secured with transparent polyurethane dressing (605/646; 93.7%). Most PIVCs (357/646; 55.3%) had a free insertion site during the visual inspection at first sight. We identified 342/646 (53%) transparent dressings in optimal conditions (clean, dry, and intact dressing). PIVC dressings in medical wards were much more likely to be in intact conditions than those in surgical wards (234/399, 58.7% vs. 108/247, 43.7%). We identified 55/646 (8.5%) PIVCs without infusion in the last 24 hours and 58/646 (9.0%) PIVCs without infusion for more than 24 hours. Regarding PIVC failure, 74 (11.5%) adverse events were identified, all of them reflecting clinical manifestation of phlebitis. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that the clinical outcome indicators from CPG for PIVC care were moderate, highlighting differences between hospital environments and types. Also, we observed that nearly 50% of patients did not know what a PIVC is

Guía de orientación del Practicum

El presente documento pretende ser una guía para estudiantes, tutores externos y tutores internos del Master de Contabilidad y Auditoría, para conocer los objetivos formativos que se deben alcanzar con las prácticas de empresas en términos de conocimiento profesional, habilidades profesionales, valores, ética y actitudes. Con ello se quiere lograr: • Que los alumnos puedan orientar su aprendizaje en la dirección adecuada, de manera que puedan obtener el máximo provecho en el periodo de prácticas. • Que los tutores externos e internos conozcan sus responsabilidades en la orientación, supervisión y evaluación del alumno durante dicho periodo

Appraising the quality standard underpinning international clinical practice guidelines for the selection and care of vascular access devices: a systematic review of reviews

OBJECTIVE: Catheter-related bloodstream infections are one of the most important adverse events for patients. Evidence-based practice embraces interventions to prevent and reduce catheter-related bloodstream infections in patients. At present, a growing number of guidelines exist worldwide. The purpose of the study was to assess clinical practice guidelines for peripheral and central venous access device care and prevention of related complications. DESIGN: Systematic review of clinical practice guidelines: We conducted a search of the literature published from 2005 to 2018 using Medline/PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Ovid, ScienceDirect, Scopus and Web of Science. We also evaluated grey literature sources and websites of organisations that compiled or produced guidelines. Guideline quality was assessed with the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation, Second Edition tool by three independent reviewers. Cohen's kappa coefficient was used to evaluate the concordance between reviewers. RESULTS: We included seven guidelines in the evaluation. The concordance between observers was substantial, K=0.6364 (95% CI 0.0247 to 1.2259). We identified seven international guidelines, which scored poorly on crucial domains such as applicability (medium 39%), stakeholder involvement (medium 65%) and methodological rigour (medium 67%). Guidelines by Spanish Health Ministry and UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence presented the highest quality. CONCLUSIONS: It is crucial to critically evaluate the validity and reliability of clinical practice guidelines so the best, most context-specific document is selected. Such choice is a necessary prior step to encourage and support health organisations to transfer research results to clinical practice. The gaps identified in our study may explain the suboptimal clinical impact of guidelines. Such low adoption may be mitigated with the use of implementation guides accompanying clinical documents

Proteínas de almacenamiento tipo 11S en semillas de olivo (Olea europaea L.). Caracterización mediante técnicas de proteómica

6 páginas, 3 figuras, 1 tabla.-- Trabajo presentado al Simposium Científico–Técnico EXPOLIVA 2007.Los tejidos de reserva de la semilla del olivo acumulan grandes cantidades de proteínas de almacenamiento en forma de cuerpos proteicos. En este trabajo se analizaron extractos proteicos de cotiledón y endospermo mediante electroforesis bidimensional (2-D). Dichas técnicas permitieron detectar el carácter básico de los péptidos p1 y p2, así como el carácter ácido de p3, p4 y p5. La espectrometría de masas de diversos spot aislados, indicó una homología relevante con la subunidad básica de las leguminas de tipo 11S. También se detectó la presencia de diversas isoformas, algunas posiblemente resultantes de modificaciones postranscripcionales. La abundancia de estas proteínas en las semillas maduras de olivo hace que dicho material pueda ser considerado una fuente nitrogenada de posible uso como complemento en nutrición animal. Otras utilidades relevantes podrían explotar un posible carácter discriminatorio entre variedades para el desarrollo de programas de mejora genética en olivo actualmente en curso.Este trabajo fue financiado gracias a los proyectos AGL2003-00719 y MEC BFU2004- 00601/BFI. Los autores agradecen al Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) la concesión de una beca predoctoral (I3P-CSIC 2002).Peer reviewe

Defining risk factors associated with difficult peripheral venous Cannulation: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Peripheral venous catheterization is a common technique in hospitals which is not always successful, resulting in multiple punctures and degradation of the vessels. This scenario, which we have termed 'difficult peripheral venous access', is associated to delays in care, obtention of samples or diagnosis, as well as a higher use of central catheters. This study intends to identify risk factors associated to the incidence of 'difficult peripheral venous access' in adults at hospital. We designed a systematic review of published studies (protocol PROSPERO 2018 CRD42018089160). We conducted structured electronic searches using key words and specific vocabulary, as well as directed searches in several databases. After validity analysis, we selected 7 studies with observational methodology. We found great variability in the definition of 'difficult peripheral venous access' and in the variables proposed as risk factors. Statistically significant factors through studies include demographic and anthropometric variables (gender, Body Mass Index), as well as medical and health conditions (diabetes, renal insufficiency, parenteral drug abuse, cancer chemotherapy), together with variables related to the vein or vascular access (vein visibility and palpability, vessel diameter, previous history of difficulty). Some studies have also considered variables related to the professional performing the technique. Meta-analyses were carried out for gender and obesity as potential risk factors. Only obesity appeared as a statistically significant risk factor with OR of 1.48; 95% CI (1.03 to 1.93; p = 0.016). Methodological heterogeneity prevented the development of further meta-analyses. It is essential to design future studies with diverse hospital populations, in which a wide selection of potential risk factors can be studied in a unique analysis. Our work identifies the most relevant variables that should be included in those studies

Alzheimer\u27s Disease: From Animal Models to the Human Syndrome

Some animal models, genetically modified (such as murine) and sporadic (as others species), enable the study of the origin of specific lesions observed in human neurodegenerative diseases. In particular, Alzheimer\u27s disease (AD) models have been designed to test the hypothesis that certain lesions are associated with functional and morphological changes beginning with memory loss and impairment in activities of daily life. This review compares and evaluates the phenotypes of different AD animal models, on the basis of the specific objectives of each study, with the purpose of encompassing their contributions to the comprehension of the AD signs and symptoms in humans. All these models contribute to the comprehension of the human AD mechanisms regarding the heterogeneity of AD phenotypes: the overlap between AD and age‐related changes, the variability of AD onset (early or late), the probable reactiveness of amyloid‐β and tau proteins, the scarcity of senile plaques and/or neurofibrillary tangles in some AD cases, the spatial correlation of the pathology and cerebral blood vessels, and the immunological responses (microglial aging) and synaptopathy. Altogether, these considerations may contribute to find therapies to treat and prevent this disease

Barley-ß-glucans reduce systemic inflammation, renal injury and aortic calcification through ADAM17 and neutral-sphingomyelinase2 inhibition

In chronic kidney disease (CKD), hyperphosphatemia-induced inflammation aggravates vascular calcification (VC) by increasing vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) osteogenic differentiation, ADAM17-induced renal and vascular injury, and TNFα-induction of neutral-sphingomyelinase2 (nSMase2) to release pro-calcifying exosomes. This study examined anti-inflammatory β-glucans efficacy at attenuating systemic inflammation in health, and renal and vascular injury favoring VC in hyperphosphatemic CKD. In healthy adults, dietary barley β-glucans (Bβglucans) reduced leukocyte superoxide production, inflammatory ADAM17, TNFα, nSMase2, and pro-aging/pro-inflammatory STING (Stimulator of interferon genes) gene expression without decreasing circulating inflammatory cytokines, except for γ-interferon. In hyperphosphatemic rat CKD, dietary Bβglucans reduced renal and aortic ADAM17-driven inflammation attenuating CKD-progression (higher GFR and lower serum creatinine, proteinuria, kidney inflammatory infiltration and nSMase2), and TNFα-driven increases in aortic nSMase2 and calcium deposition without improving mineral homeostasis. In VSMC, Bβglucans prevented LPS- or uremic serum-induced rapid increases in ADAM17, TNFα and nSMase2, and reduced the 13-fold higher calcium deposition induced by prolonged calcifying conditions by inhibiting osteogenic differentiation and increases in nSMase2 through Dectin1-independent actions involving Bβglucans internalization. Thus, dietary Bβglucans inhibit leukocyte superoxide production and leukocyte, renal and aortic ADAM17- and nSMase2 gene expression attenuating systemic inflammation in health, and renal injury and aortic calcification despite hyperphosphatemia in CKD.A grant to A.S.D. and M.J.M. from IRBLleida and Agrotecnio Research collaborative projects from the Consell Social at Lleida University supported initial work, Instituto de Salud Carlos III and co-funded by European Union (ERDF/FEDER) (FIS PI11/00259, PI14/01452, PI17/02181), Plan de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación 2013–2017 y 2018–2022 del Principado de Asturias (GRUPIN14-028, IDI-2018-000152), RedInRen from ISCIII (ISCIII-RETIC REDINREN RD16/0009). Investigator support included: NC-L by GRUPIN14-028 and IDI-2018-000152, LM-A by GRUPIN14-028, SP by FICYT; MVA and PV by Educational Grant 2 A/2015 from ERA-EDTA CKD-MBD Working Group; PV and AC by ERA-EDTA fellowships 2011 and 2012; JR-C by MINECO (“Juan de la Cierva” program, FJCI-2015-23849); A.S.D. by Asociación Investigación de Fisiología Aplicada. A.S.D. and M.J.M. are members of the Campus Iberus (Ebro Valley Campus of International Excellence)

Fuzzy-based forest fire prevention and detection by wireless sensor networks

Forest fires may cause considerable damages both in ecosystems and lives. This proposal describes the application of Internet of Things and wireless sensor networks jointly with multi-hop routing through a real time and dynamic monitoring system for forest fire prevention. It is based on gathering and analyzing information related to meteorological conditions, concentrations of polluting gases and oxygen level around particular interesting forest areas. Unusual measurements of these environmental variables may help to prevent wildfire incidents and make their detection more efficient. A forest fire risk controller based on fuzzy logic has been implemented in order to activate environmental risk alerts through a Web service and a mobile application. For this purpose, security mechanisms have been proposed for ensuring integrity and confidentiality in the transmission of measured environmental information. Lamport's signature and a block cipher algorithm are used to achieve this objective