VII Encuentros con la Ciencia

La séptima edición de esta iniciativa aborda la teoría de la evolución y su implicación en el mundo actual a través de un recorrido por la vida y la obra de Charles Darwin

SYSTEMIC ADMINISTRATION OF EPOTHYLONE-D RECUES MEMORY AND AMELIORATES ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE-LIKE PATHOLOGY IN APP/PS1 MICE

Aims Cognitive and memory decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients is highly related to synaptic dysfunction and neuronal loss. Tau hyperphosphorylation destabilizes microtubules leading to axonal transport failure, accumulation of autophagy/vesicular material and the generation of dystrophic neurites, thus contributing to axonal/synaptic dysfunction. In this study, we analyzed the effect of a microtubule-stabilizing drug in the progression of the disease in an APP751SL/PS1M146L transgenic model. Method APP/PS1 mice (3 month-old) were weekly treated with 2 mg/kg intraperitoneal injections of Epothilone-D (Epo-D) for 3 months. Vehicle-injected animals were used as controls. For memory performance, animals were tested on the object-recognition tasks, Y-maze and Morris water maze. Levels of Abeta, ubiquitin, AT8 and synaptic markers were analyzed by Western-blot. Hippocampal plaque burden, dystrophic and synaptic loadings were quantified after immunostaining by image analysis. Results Epo-D treated mice showed a significant improvement in the performance of hippocampus-associated cognitive tests compared to controls. This memory recovery correlated with a significant reduction in the AD-like hippocampal pathology. Abeta, APP and ubiquitin levels were significantly reduced in treated animals, and a decrease in both the plaque loading and the axonal pathology was also found. Finally, synaptic levels were significantly preserved in treated animals in comparison with controls. Conclusion Epo-D treatment promotes synaptic and cognitive improvement, reduces the accumulation of extracellular Abeta and the associated neuritic pathology in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 model. Therefore, microtubule stabilizing drugs could be considered therapeutical candidates to slow down AD progression.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech. Supported by FIS-PI15/00796 (AG), FIS-PI15/00957(JV) and co-financed by FEDER funds from European Union

Production of tγ, tZ and tH via Flavour Changing Neutral Currents

A Unique FeynRules Output (UFO) model describing general top quark Flavour Changing Neutral Currents is presented. We use it to study tg, tH and tZ production via FCNCs anomalous couplings at the Large Hadron Collider, in particular how the distributions of physical observables depend on the anomalous couplings. A sensitivity study of the Large Hadron Collider experiments to tZ production via FCNC in its second stage of operation is also performed.(undefined)info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Methionine adenosyltransferase S-nitrosylation is regulated by the basic and acidic amino acids surrounding the target thiol

S-Adenosylmethionine serves as the methyl donor for many biological methylation reactions and provides the propylamine group for the synthesis of polyamines. S-Adenosylmethionine is synthesized from methionine and ATP by the enzyme methionine adenosyltransferase. The cellular factors regulating S-adenosylmethionine synthesis have not been well defined. Here we show that in rat hepatocytes S-nitrosoglutathione monoethyl ester, a cell-permeable nitric oxide donor, markedly reduces cellular S-adenosylmethionine content via inactivation of methionine adenosyltransferase by S-nitrosylation. Removal of the nitric oxide donor from the incubation medium leads to the denitrosylation and reactivation of methionine adenosyltransferase and to the rapid recovery of cellular S-adenosylmethionine levels. Nitric oxide inactivates methionine adenosyltransferase via S-nitrosylation of cysteine 121. Replacement of the acidic (aspartate 355) or basic (arginine 357 and arginine 363) amino acids located in the vicinity of cysteine 121 by serine leads to a marked reduction in the ability of nitric oxide to S-nitrosylate and inactivate hepatic methionine adenosyltransferase. These results indicate that protein S-nitrosylation is regulated by the basic and acidic amino acids surrounding the target cysteine

Referentes teóricos para la autoevaluación del proyecto curricular de ingeniería de Sistemas de la Universidad Distrital

Acreditation recomended by the CNA is not a compulsory process, except for those faculties which main area of knowledge is education. Nevertheless, to be updated with the postmodernity criteria, it is necessary to get a social recognition by comparing the programme with academic pairs in a national and international field. Self evaluation as the first step of the acreditation process must be faced from an epistemological point of view to get the expected goals.La acreditación de los diversos programas quen ofrecen las universidades en el país no es de carácter obligatorio, salvo aquellos que son destinados a la preparación de docentes, sin embargo, dadas las condiciones de competencia en que nos coloca el período de la postmodernidad, es necesario alcanzar el criterio de credibilidad confrontando los programas, con los pares académicos a nivel nacional como internacional. La autoevaluación como el primer paso del proceso de acreditación es necesario abordarla desde un punto de vista epistemológico, para que logre el objetivo deseado

PlanetCam UPV/EHU: a two-channel lucky imaging camera for solar system studies in the spectral range 0.38-1.7 µm

This is an author-created, un-copyedited version of an article published in Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. IOP Publishing Ltd is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it.We present PlanetCam UPV/EHU, an astronomical camera designed fundamentally for high-resolution imaging of Solar System planets using the “lucky imaging” technique. The camera observes in a wavelength range from 380 nm to 1.7 µm and the driving science themes are atmosphere dynamics and vertical cloud structure of Solar System planets. The design comprises two configurations that include one channel (visible wavelengths) or two combined channels (visible and short wave nfrared) working simultaneously at selected wavelengths by means of a dichroic beam splitter. In this paper the camera components for the two configurations are described, as well as camera performance and the different tests done for the precise characterization of its radiometric and astrometric capabilities at high spatial resolution. Finally, some images of solar system objects are presented as well as photometric results and different scientific cases on astronomical targets.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Efficacy of theophylline in people with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Objectives: To determine the efficacy of oral theophylline compared with placebo in people with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods: Systematic review of randomized-controlled trials comparing oral Theophylline; with placebo for a minimum of 7 days in people with stable COPD.Results: Twenty randomized-controlled trials were included in this review. the Meta-analysis; following outcomes showed significant improvement with theophylline compared with placebo: FEV, and FVC both improved with theophylline (weighted mean difference [WMD] 0.10 L; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.04-0.16 and WMD 0.21 L; 95% CI 0.10-0.32, respectively). VO2 max also improved with theophylline (WMD 195.27mL/ min; 95% Cl 112.71-277.83), as did PaO2 and PaCO2 (WMD 3.18mmHg;,95% Cl 1.23-5.13 and WMD -2.36mmHg; 95% Cl -3.52 to -1.21, respectively). Patients preferred theophylline over placebo (relative risk 2.27; 95% Cl 1.26-4.11). Theophylline increased the risk of nausea compared with placebo (RR 7.67; 95% Cl 1.47-39.94).Conclusion: This review has shown that theophylline still has a role in the management of stable COPD, and is preferred by patients over placebo. However, the benefits of theophylline in stable COPD have to be weighed against the risk of adverse effects. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Natl Collaborating Ctr Womens & Childrens Hlth, London, EnglandUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Div Resp, São Paulo, BrazilEmergency Med Div, São Paulo, BrazilFed Univ Alagoas, Vasc Dis Div, São Paulo, BrazilUNIFESP, Div Resp, Pulm Rehabil Ctr, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Toronto, W Pk Healthcare Ctr, Toronto, ON, CanadaUniv Laval, Hop Laval, Ctr Pneumol, Inst Cardiol & Pneumol, Laval, PQ, CanadaUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Div Internal Med, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Div Resp, São Paulo, BrazilUNIFESP, Div Resp, Pulm Rehabil Ctr, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Div Internal Med, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Concurrent validity of supraclavicular skin temperature measured with iButtons and infrared thermography as a surrogate marker of brown adipose tissue

We are grateful to Ms. Carmen Sainz-Quinn for assistance with the English language. We are grateful to Alberto Quesada-Aranda for helping with the development of the Temperatus software (Free trial in http://profth.ugr.es/temperatus).This study is part of a Ph.D. Thesis conducted in the Biomedicine Doctoral Studies of the University of Granada, Spain.Brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenic activity is commonly assessed with a positron emission tomography with computed tomography scan (PET/CT). This technique has several limitations and alternative techniques are needed. Supraclavicular skin temperature measured with iButtons and infrared thermography (IRT) has been proposed as an indirect marker of BAT activity. We studied the concurrent validity of skin temperature measured with iButtons vs. IRT and the association of supraclavicular skin temperature measured with iButtons and IRT with BAT. We measured skin temperature upon a shivering threshold test with iButtons and IRT in 6 different regions in 12 participants (n = 2 men). On a separate day, we determined supraclavicular skin temperature with an iButton and IRT after 2 h of a personalized cooling protocol. Thereafter, we quantified BAT volume and activity by PET/CT. We observed that the absolute differences between the devices were statistically different from 0 (all P < 0.05) after the shivering threshold test. Moreover, we did not find any association between supraclavicular skin temperature measured with iButtons or IRT and BAT 18F-FDG activity (r = −0.213; P = 0.530 and r = −0.079; P = 0.817). However, we observed a negative association of supraclavicular skin temperature measured by IRT with BAT 18F-FDG volume (r = −0.764; P = 0.006), but not with supraclavicular skin temperature measured with iButtons (r = −0.546; P = 0.082). In light of these results, we concluded that the measurement of skin temperature obtained by iButtons and IRT are not comparable. Furthermore, it seems that supraclavicular skin temperature is not associated with BAT 18F-FDG activity, but it appears to be negatively associated with BAT 18F-FDG volume in the case of IRT.This study was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness via the Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria del Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI13/01393), Retos de la Sociedad (DEP2016-79512-R), PTA 12264-I, and European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), the Spanish Ministry of Education (FPU 13/04365, FPU14/04172, FPU15/05337, and FPU15/04059), by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation-MINECO (RYC-2014-16938), the Fundación Iberoamericana de Nutrición (FINUT), the Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa RETIC (Red SAMID RD16/0022), the AstraZeneca HealthCare Foundation, the University of Granada Plan Propio de Investigación 2016 -Excellence actions: Unit of Excellence on Exercise and Health (UCEES) - and Plan Propio de Investigación 2018 - Programa Contratos-Puente, and the Junta de Andalucía, Consejería de Conocimiento, Investigación y Universidades (ERDF, ref. SOMM17/6107/UGR). This study is part of a Ph.D

Effects of two space allowances on cortisol levels, agonistic behavior and their relationship with the ovarian cycle of the collared peccary (Pecari tajacu) in captivity

Two groups, each of seven mature females and one vasectomized male, of collared peccaries (Pecari tajacu) in captivity were used to compare two treatments based on either 5 and 20 m2/animal. Blood plasma levels of cortisol and progesterone were measured by radioimmunoassay. Variations in plasma concentration of progesterones were used to detect stages of ovarian cyclicity. Sexual and agonistic behaviors were measured by the scan sampling method. Results obtained with the 5 and 20 m2/animal treatments were: concentration of cortisol, 7.86 to 11.85 and 7.76 to 12.10 μg/dl; duration of the estrous cycle was 28.5 + 9.5 and 24.6 + 3.4 d, respectively, with no differences between treatments (P &lt; 0.05). The corresponding values for proportion of sexual behavior were 2.40 and 2.19% those for agnostic behavior were 1.54 and 2.10%, the latter difference being significant (P &gt; 0.05). It is concluded that mixed groups of collared peccaries with one sole male can be submitted to a housing density of 5 m2/animal without affecting the blood level of cortisol, the agonistic behavior or the cyclical ovarian activity