12 research outputs found

    Hemicellulose-derived sugars solubilisation of rape straw. Cofermentation of pentoses and hexoses by Escherichia coli

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    Bioconversion of hemicellulose sugars is essential for increasing fuel ethanol yields from lignocellulosic biomass. We report for the first time with rape straw, bioethanol production from hemicellulose sugars. Rape straw was pretreated at mild conditions with sulfuric acid to solubilize the hemicellulose fraction. This pretreatment allows obtaining a prehydrolysate, consisting basically in a solution of monomeric hemicellulosic sugars, with low inhibitor concentrations. The remaining water insoluble solid constitutes a cellulose-enriched, free of extractives material. The influence of temperature (120ºC and 130ºC), acid concentration (2-4% w/v) and pretreatment time (30-180 min) on hemicellulose-derived sugars solubilisation was evaluated. The highest hemicellulosic sugars recovery, 72.3%, was achieved at 130ºC with 2% sulfuric acid and 60 min. At these conditions, a concentrated sugars solution, 52.4 g/L, was obtained after three acid consecutive contacts, with 67% xylose and acetic acid concentration above 4.5 g/L. After a detoxification step by activated charcoal or ion-exchange resin, prehydrolysate was fermented by ethanologenic Escherichia coli. An alcoholic solution of 25 g/L and 86% of theoretical ethanol yield was attained after 144 h when the prehydrolysate was detoxified by ion-exchange resin. The results obtained in the present work show sulfuric acid pretreatment under mild conditions and E. coli as an interesting process to exploit hemicellulosic sugars in rape straw

    CDs and N-CDs preparation from xylose and xylose-enriched biomass liquors for methyl orange photocatalytic degradation.

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    CDs are newly discovered carbon nanoparticles that present unique properties. Each nanoparticle consists of a graphitic lattice core covered by a functionalized surface composed by several polar functional groups attached1,2. Due to this functionalization, CDs exhibit photoinduced electronic transference, fluorescence and up-conversion photoluminescence3. CDs have raised increasing attention for their undemanding synthesis procedure combined with the fact that they have been proved to be non-toxic and can be modified to reach satisfactory quantum yield values. A current tendency in the obtention of CDs is the pursuit of a synthesis method that fulfils the requirements of green chemistry but keeps production costs low. Therefore, CDs obtained from green precursors coming from biomass is an emergent research topic4,3,5,6,7. The most frequent and best-known method for CDs production is hydrothermal or solvothermal method7,3,2.The acidic conditions required by this method are commonly achieved using mineral acids such as HCl; nonetheless, the hydrothermal method is compatible with heterogeneous catalysis, which have been proved in this work. As a consequence of their photoluminescence and electron transfer properties, CDs can work as electron mediators, photosensitizers, as well as photocatalysts by themselves 10. It has been proved that CDs when photo excited are outstandingly good electron donors and electron acceptors, since either electron acceptors or electron donors are able to quench the photoluminescence emitted by CDs effectively 9.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

    Aplicación del programa de simulación de procesos Hysys para el diseño de actividades de aprendizaje de operaciones unitarias en las áreas de Ingeniería Química y Tecnologías del Medio Ambiente

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    En esta comunicación se resume el trabajo realizado por el equipo de profesores participante en el proyecto de innovación docente PID25D (financiado por el Secretariado de Innovación Docente de la Universidad de Jaén).El objetivo general del proyecto ha sido el diseño de actividades formativas útiles para ponerlas en práctica en asignaturas de las áreas de Ingeniería Química y Tecnologías del Medio Ambiente. Para ello, se ha empleado como recurso didáctico un software de simulación de procesos, que resulta atractivo y motivador para el alumno, permitiendo la contextualización (aprendizaje significativo) al trabajar en un entorno similar al de la industria real

    MONOGRÁFICO: La confluencia de Bioeconomía Circular, Biorrefinerías y Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible en el sector del olivar

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    In this work, the basic concepts of Circular Economy, Bioeconomy and Biorefineries are reviewed with a special emphasis on the olive sector. The possibility of developing biorefineries in this field entails a series of advantages that affect economic, social and environmental aspects and, therefore, can have a direct impact on achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This article reviews the main contributions of biorefineries based on olive biomass to the SDGs, both from the industrial point of view and from the point of view of cooperatives, which represent the vast majority of the productive structures in the olive oil sector in Spain. Finally, an analysis is carried out of the barriers and opportunities that may affect the achievement of the SDGs in the area of study.En este trabajo se revisan los conceptos básicos de Economía Circular, Bioeconomía y Biorrefinerías con un énfasis especial en el sector del olivar. La posibilidad de desarrollo de las biorrefinerías en este campo supone una serie de ventajas que inciden en los aspectos económicos, sociales y ambientales y, por tanto, pueden tener una traslación directa a conseguir los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS). En este artículo se revisan cuáles son las principales contribuciones de las biorrefinerías basadas en la biomasa del olivar en los ODS, tanto desde el punto de vista industrial como desde el punto de vista de las cooperativas, que representan la gran mayoría de las estructuras productivas del olivar en España. Finalmente, se realiza un análisis de las barreras y oportunidades que pueden afectar a la consecución de los ODS en el ámbito de estudio

    Análisis tecno-económico de una biorefinería a partir de residuos del plátano

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    El pseudotallo de pl tano es un residuo lignocelul sico disponible en grandes cantidades en Colombia debido a la amplia demanda que se tiene del fruto de pl tano. Este material es desaprovechado y dispuesto de manera incorrecta generando contaminaci n en suelos y fuentes acu feras. El presente trabajo describe la simulaci n y evaluaci n tecno-econ mica bajo el concepto de biorefiner a de la producci n de etanol, furfural, cido l ctico y xilitol utilizando pseudotallo de pl tano como materia prima considerando dos escenarios: el caso base (producci n de los compuestos mencionados) anteriormente y un segundo escenario que emplea los s lidos remanentes del primer escenario a trav s de un sistema de cogeneraci n. El an lisis de costos y m rgenes de ganancia obtenidos muestran la viabilidad de la producci n de furfural, xilitol y cido l ctico a partir de pseudotallo de pl tano, lo cual permitir a alcanzar m rgenes de ganancia positivos.Banana pseudostem is a lignocellulosic material highly available in Colombia due to the large demand of plantain bunches. This material is incorrectly wasted and disposed causing both soil and water source contamination. The present work describes the simulation and techno-economic evaluation of furfural, ethanol, xylitol and acetic acid production under biorefinery concept, by using banana pseudostem as raw material in two process stages: base case in which only previous chemicals production is made, and another where besides raw material remainder solid fraction is used for energy cogeneration through gasification system. The cost obtained and gain margin analysis show furfural, xylitol and lactic acid production viability from banana pseudostem; and energy cogeneration positive influence inside banana pseudostem s biorefinery.Cuencanúmero 1
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