Divulgación como apoyo al aprendizaje: Matex1minuto

El trabajo a lo largo de más de una década de un grupo de profesores de diferentes universidades públicas en Costa Rica y de comunicadores de la ciencia de CIENTEC, se une al afán de divulgar de Radio Universidad, de la Universidad de Costa Rica, para producir cápsulas sobre la matemática, dirigidas a público general y transmitidas también en formato podcast a través de un blog (matex1minuto.blogspot.com). Se presentan las cápsulas y se invita a los educadores a utilizarlas en el aula, así como a colaborar con nuevos temas. De esta manera se espera apoyar a los educadores en la motivación de sus alumnos, además de fortalecer sus destrezas de comunicación y sus conexiones entre la matemática y otros ámbitos del quehacer humano

BAG3 Genetic Cardiomyopathy May Overlap Fulminant Myocarditis Clinical Findings.

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Descripción y alternativas de mitigación de los impactos ambientales negativos por la introducción de la crianza del búfalo (Bubalus bubalis)

A number of alternatives to diminish negative environmental impacts before introducing buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) breeding in two livestock centers from MINAZ (Ministry of Sugar Cane Industry) in Granma province, Cuba are described. Research included eight units located in Bayamo, Manzanillo, Yara, and Bartolomé Masó municipalities. It dealt with the study of soil, water, climate, and biodiversity conditions to create a productive system guaranteeing environment conservation and monitoring, as well as the epidemiological surveillance of the introduced species and the directly exposed workers to the breeding system besides the preservation of buffalo, as a genetic resource, against extreme climate events. An environment monitoring program is presented. There were no negative environmental impacts preventing buffalo breeding in the studied livestock centers.Se describieron y propusieron alternativas de mitigación de impactos ambientales negativos para la introducción de la crianza del búfalo (Bubalus bubalis) en dos empresas agropecuarias azucareras en la provincia Granma, Cuba. Los estudios abarcaron la situación del suelo, agua, clima y la biodiversidad, para la conformación de un sistema productivo que facilitara la conservación del medio ambiente y su monitoreo, incluida además la vigilancia epidemiológica de la especie, así como la de los trabajadores directamente expuestos al sistema de crianza, y la preservación del búfalo como recurso genético frente a eventos extremos del clima. Se presenta un programa para el monitoreo de esta actividad. No se identificaron impactos ambientales que imposibiliten la crianza de esta especie en las áreas designadas

Prognostic value of hematogenous dissemination and biological profile of the tumor in early breast cancer patients: A prospective observational study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence and prognostic value of disseminated tumor cells in bone marrow of breast carcinoma patients with early disease, and to analyze this finding in relation to lymph node involvement, determined by sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy analysis, and to prognostic factors of interest.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>104 patients with operable (T < 3 cm) breast cancer and clinically- and sonographically-negative axillary lymph nodes were scheduled for SLN biopsy. Bone marrow aspirates were collected before the start of surgery from both iliac crests, and mononuclear cell layers were separated by density centrifugation (Lymphoprep). Slide preparations were then examined for the presence of disseminated tumor cells by immunocytochemistry with anti-cytokeratin antibodies (A45-B/B3). Lymphoscintigraphy was performed 2 hours after intratumor administration of 2 mCi (74 MBq) of 99mTc colloidal albumin. The SLN was evaluated for the presence of tumor cells by hematoxylin-eosin staining and, when negative, by immunocytochemistry using anti-cytokeratin antibody (CAM 5.2). Survival analyses and comparative analyses were performed on the results of bone marrow determinations, SLN biopsy, and known prognostic factors, including breast cancer subtypes according to the simplified classification based on ER, PR and HER2.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Lymph node and hematogenous dissemination occur in one-third of patients with early-stage breast cancer, although not necessarily simultaneously. In our study, disseminated tumor cells were identified in 22% of bone marrow aspirates, whereas 28% of patients had axillary lymph node involvement. Simultaneous lymph node and bone marrow involvement was found in only 5 patients (nonsignificant). In the survival study (60 months), a higher, although nonsignificant rate of disease-related events (13%) was seen in patients with disseminated tumor cells in bone marrow, and a significant association of events was documented with the known, more aggressive tumor subtypes: triple negative receptor status (21%) and positive ERBB2 status (29%).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Tumor cell detection in bone marrow can be considered a valid prognostic parameter in patients with early disease. However, the classic prognostic factors remain highly relevant, and the newer breast cancer subtypes are also useful for this purpose.</p

Integrating new approaches to atrial fibrillation management: the 6th AFNET/EHRA Consensus Conference.

There are major challenges ahead for clinicians treating patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). The population with AF is expected to expand considerably and yet, apart from anticoagulation, therapies used in AF have not been shown to consistently impact on mortality or reduce adverse cardiovascular events. New approaches to AF management, including the use of novel technologies and structured, integrated care, have the potential to enhance clinical phenotyping or result in better treatment selection and stratified therapy. Here, we report the outcomes of the 6th Consensus Conference of the Atrial Fibrillation Network (AFNET) and the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA), held at the European Society of Cardiology Heart House in Sophia Antipolis, France, 17-19 January 2017. Sixty-two global specialists in AF and 13 industry partners met to develop innovative solutions based on new approaches to screening and diagnosis, enhancing integration of AF care, developing clinical pathways for treating complex patients, improving stroke prevention strategies, and better patient selection for heart rate and rhythm control. Ultimately, these approaches can lead to better outcomes for patients with AF

Cirugía de mínimo acceso de la fibrilación auricular aislada

La fibrilación auricular es el trastorno del ritmo cardíaco más frecuente. Durante años, su tratamiento se vio limitado casi exclusivamente al control farmacológico de la frecuencia cardíaca y a la prevención de eventos tromboembólicos con fármacos anticoagulantes. Debido a los recientes avances en el campo de la electrofisiología cardíaca y al desarrollo tecnológico, el abordaje terapéutico de esta arritmia se contempla hoy en día desde una perspectiva mucho más intervencionista que antaño. Recientemente, técnicas de cirugía videoasistida de última generación han comenzado a ser aplicadas en el tratamiento de la fibrilación auricular aislada con dos modalidades de abordaje: la cirugía mediante miniincisiones (minitoracotomía) y la cirugía toracoscópica propiamente dicha. En este artículo describiremos y comentaremos estas formas de tratamiento quirúrgico de la fibrilación auricular