Preventive maintenance: A view of periodontists from Porto Alegre/RS

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the opinion of periodontists from Porto Alegre about aspects related to the understanding the clinical approach to periodic maintenance. Sixty one periodontists registered in the city participated in this study, answering to a questionnaire about how the face periodontal maintenance. The majority (86.9%) thinks that the maintenance interval should be variable, depending on individual characteristics. Risk factors were pointed as the reasons to choose the recall intervals. 73.8% of the interviewed dentists charges the same amount of money for treatment and maintenance appointments and more than 90% thinks that the difference between maintenance and retreatment is linked to disease recurrence. 81.9% of the periodontists performs maintenance in one single visit and the majority considers periodontal disease a disease that can be cured. The analysis of the results leads to the conclusion that the periodontal patient has the opportunity of being treated and maintained in a healthy status. It is important that the periodontista individually know his patient in order to establish the frequency of this maintenance

Análise de condições clínicas estéticas relacionadas à margem gengival por estudantes de odontologia

It has been suggested that one of the main factors contributing to the perception of esthetics is the position of the gingival tissues in the upper arch. The aim of this study was to evaluate the esthetic perception of dental students regarding different pictures of classical periodontal situations related to the gingival margin. This was an observational cross-sectional study involving 161 dental students. Five clinical situations defined by pictures from books were presented to the students. The cases included unchanged periodontium, gingival smile, uneven gingiva, localized gingival recession and generalized gingival recession. Esthetic perception was evaluated by a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The different situations were compared by One-way ANOVA, with Tukey test as post-hoc. The results showed statistically significant differences between groups (p<0.05). The best esthetics was attributed to the periodontium without changes in shape (7.60 ± 1.80), followed by gingival smile (6.92 ± 2.34). The worst esthetic situation in this evaluation was the uneven gingiva (3.45 ± 2.00). In the intermediate group are the gingival recessions. The perception of localized (5.19 ± 1.91) and generalized (5.69 ± 2.18) gingival recession did not differ significantly. This study concluded that different positions of the gingival tissues affect the esthetic perception of smile.Tem sido sugerido que um dos principais fatores que contribui para a percepção estética é a posição dos tecidos gengivais na arcada superior. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a percepção estética por estudantes de odontologia em relação a diferentes fotografias de situações periodontais clássicas relacionadas à margem gengival. Esse foi um estudo observacional transversal envolvendo 161 estudantes de odontologia. Cinco situações clínicas definidas em fotografias retiradas de livros foram apresentadas aos estudantes. Os casos envolviam periodonto inalterado, sorriso gengival, desnível gengival, recessão gengival localizada e recessão gengival generalizada. A percepção estética foi avaliada por uma escala visual analógica (EVA). As comparações das diferentes situações foram realizadas por ANOVA de uma via, com teste pos-hoc de Tukey. Os resultados demonstraram diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os grupos (p<0.05). A melhor estética foi atribuída ao periodonto sem alterações de forma (7.60 ± 1.80), seguida pelo sorriso gengival (6.92 ± 2.34). A pior situação estética nessa avaliação foi o desnível gengival (3.45 ± 2.00). No grupo intermediário estão as recessões gengivais. Ambas as recessões localizada (5.19 ± 1.91) e generalizada (5.69 ± 2.18) não foram estatisticamente diferentes. Este estudo concluiu que posições diferentes da margem gengival afetam a percepção estética do sorriso

Classificação das periodontites em indivíduos jovens – revisão da literatura e relato de casos clínicos

A significant number of classificatory systems of periodontal diseases have been suggested during the past decades. The classification of periodontitis in young individuals, particularly, has received special attention due to recent modifications made by the American Academy of Periodontology in 1999, changing previous nomenclature used by a long period of time. Thus, the aim of this literature review was to describe and discuss some classificatory terms found in the literature to classify periodontitis in young persons. Additionally, to describe case reports of periodontitis in young individuals aiming at illustrating possible classifications in this patients.Inúmeros sistemas classificatórios das doenças periodontais têm sido sugeridos ao longo das décadas. Particularmente, a classificação das periodontites em indivíduos jovens tem recebido especial atenção devido a recentes alterações propostas pela Academia Americana de Periodontia em 1999, alterando nomenclaturas anteriormente utilizadas por um período longo de tempo. Assim sendo, a presente revisão de literatura teve como objetivo descrever e discutir alguns termos de classificações utilizadas na literatura para as periodontites em indivíduos jovens. Além disso, descrever casos clínicos de periodontites em jovens a fim de ilustrar possíveis classificações nesse tipo de paciente

Effects of ligature-induced periodontitis in pregnant Wistar rats

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a influência da periodontite induzida por ligadura em ratas prenhes sobre parâmetros de saúde geral de seus filhotes. Vinte e quatro ratas Wistar de idade adulta foram divididas em dois grupos: grupo controle (G1) e grupo experimental, que recebeu ligaduras ao redor dos segundos molares superiores (G2). Após o período de indução de periodontite (quatro semanas), as ratas foram colocadas para cruzamento com ratos Wistar machos, adultos. Não houve diferença no peso corporal das fêmeas durante os períodos de cruzamento e prenhez. Também não foram observadas diferenças entre os grupos quanto à taxa de recém-nascidos viáveis. No entanto, houve diferença quanto ao peso dos recém-nascidos, sendo tal diferença explicada pela variação no tamanho das ninhadas. No presente estudo, doença periodontal induzida por ligadura não promoveu mudanças durante a prenhez que resultassem em baixo peso ao nascer dos filhotes Wistar.The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of ligature-induced periodontal disease in pregnant rats on their newborn's health parameters. Twenty-four female adult Wistar rats were divided into two groups: the control group (G1) and the group that was submitted to dental ligatures around second upper molars (G2). After the four week period of development of periodontitis, the female animals were mated with male adult Wistar rats. There were no differences in the body weight of females between the two groups during mating and pregnancy. No differences were observed among the groups in relation to the viable newborn index. However, there were differences in newborn birth weight, explained by the diverse size of the litters. In this study, ligature-induced periodontal disease did not promote changes during pregnancy that resulted in low birth weight in newborn Wistar rats

AVALIAÇÃO CURRICULAR NA EDUCAÇÃO SUPERIOR EM ODONTOLOGIA: REFLEXÕES A PARTIR DA PERSPECTIVA DOS ESTUDANTES

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar como está se desenvolvendo o processo de reestruturação curricular na Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, na perspectiva dos estudantes. O método de investigação foi predominantemente qualitativo (estudo de caso). Foram convidados a participar do estudo todos os estudantes do 1º ao 10º semestres. A coleta de dados envolveu a análise de documentos e a aplicação de questionários semiestruturados (questões abertas e fechadas). Os dados foram analisados por meio do software IBM SPSS Statistics e da análise de conteúdo. Participaram do estudo 360 estudantes (88,5%), sendo 69,2% do sexo feminino, com idade entre 20 e 25 anos (74,7%). Cerca de 85% dos estudantes acreditam estar recebendo uma sólida formação para atuar no mercado de trabalho. Como potencialidades, os estudantes assinalam o atual currículo que enfatiza a humanização da saúde e destacam a qualidade da formação dos professores. Os estudantes apontaram fragilidades na integração entre disciplinas e, nas clínicas integradas, apontam problemas em relação ao processo avaliativo. Sugerem que o currículo seja avaliado continuamente, permitindo sua transformação/reconstrução no curso de seu desenvolvimento

Tooth loss and associated factors in adolescents : impact of extractions for orthodontic reason

Aim: To investigate tooth loss and its determinants in adolescents, considering the effect of extractions due to orthodontics reasons. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in students from public and private schools aged 15-19 years old from Passo Fundo, Brazil. The proportional randomly chosen sample included 736 adolescents. Clinical examinations and interviews were performed. Associations between prevalence of tooth loss and exposure variables studied were analysed by Poisson Regression with uni- and multivariate robust variance in two models. One model comprised students who had experienced tooth loss without orthodontic reasons and the other with all of the subjects presenting tooth loss. Results: Prevalence of tooth loss was 21.1% (mean of 0.42). Higher chances for tooth loss were found in the following features: non-whites (PR=1.72; CI95%:1.15-2.60), poorly schooling mothers (PR=2.2; CI95%:0.96-5.02), from public schools (PR=4.16; CI95%:0.98-17.59), smokers (PR=1.91; CI95%:1.15-3.17). Conclusion:Demographic, socioeconomic and behavioural conditions were strongly associated with tooth loss. These associations were more evident when extractions for orthodontic reasons were not included in the analytical models

Criteria adopted by dentists to indicate the extraction of periodontally involved teeth

When dealing with patients with periodontal disease of variable severities, dentists must often choose between treating and restoring the involved tooth or indicating its extraction. Different criteria have been adopted in this decision-making process. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the criteria adopted by dentists to indicate the extraction of teeth with periodontitis. Dentists were interviewed at their private practices in three cities of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The evaluated criteria included severity of attachment loss, tooth mobility, furcation involvement, prosthetic planning, periodontal-endodontic lesion, possible systemic involvement due to the presence of periodontitis, referral to a periodontist for evaluation, radiographic bone loss greater than 50%, presence of extensive caries, socio-economic and cultural status of the patient, among others. The most often adopted criteria to indicate the extraction of periodontally affected teeth were the presence of mobility (37.5%), severity of attachment loss (24.3%) and radiographic bone loss greater than 50% (21.2%). The results of the present study demonstrated the difficulties faced by dentists to indicate the extraction of teeth with severe attachment loss, in addition to the establishment of an adequate prognosis. Aspects associated with the past disease were still the most often reported to indicate the extraction of teeth for periodontal reasons