El piearcts en querétaro - tercera etapa

Se reporta el avance de la tercera etapa del PIEARCTS en Querétaro, México: análisis estadístico e interpretación de datos de las once instituciones en donde se aplicó el COCTS a un total de 1374 sujetos. Se establece un horizonte de interpretación que integra los datos cuantitativos con la reflexión cualitativa, la cual está amparada en el contexto socio-histórico de cada institución y en la caracterización de cada grupo muestral. Los datos se analizan de acuerdo con el tipo de institución: tecnológica o humanística; nivel educativo: licenciatura, bachillerato, técnico o normal y con los grupos encuestados: estudiantes o profesores, considerando los datos sociodemográficos incluidos en la encuesta. Se calculan los índices de plausibilidad, adecuación, ingenuidad y cultura científica para cada reactivo y para cada sujeto. Con ellos se hacen comparaciones entre grupos

On the Design of Ambient Intelligent Systems in the Context of Assistive Technologies

The design of Ambient Intelligent Systems (AISs) is discussed in the context of assistive technologies. The main issues include ubiquitous communications, context awareness, natural interactions and heterogeneity, which are analyzed using some examples. A layered architecture is proposed for heterogeneous sub-systems integration with three levels of interactions that may be used as a framework to design assistive AISs.Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología TIC2001-1868-C0

Identification of Homogeneous Groups of Actors in a Local AHP-Multiactor Context with a High Number of Decision-Makers: A Bayesian Stochastic Search

The identification of homogeneous groups of actors in a local AHP-multiactor context based on their preferences is an open problem, particularly when the number of decision-makers is high. To solve this problem in the case of using stochastic AHP, this paper proposes a new Bayesian stochastic search methodology for large-scale problems (number of decision-makers greater than 20). The new methodology, based on Bayesian tools for model comparison and selection, takes advantage of the individual preference structures distributions obtained from stochastic AHP to allow the identification of homogeneous groups of actors with a maximum common incompatibility threshold. The methodology offers a heuristic approach with several near-optimal partitions, calculated by the Occam’s window, that capture the uncertainty that is inherent when considering intangible aspects (AHP). This uncertainty is also reflected in the graphs that show the similarities of the decision-maker’s opinions and that can be used to achieve representative collective positions by constructing agreement paths in negotiation processes. If a small number of actors is considered, the proposed algorithm (AHP Bayesian clustering) significantly reduces the computational time of group identification with respect to an exhaustive search method. The methodology is illustrated by a real case of citizen participation based on e-Cognocracy. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland

Identificando las relaciones dimensionales de la escala de actitudes hacia las matemáticas propuesta por Auzmendi en maestros en formación

Diversas investigaciones señalan que las actitudes hacia contenidos o asignaturas de Matemáticas atienden a uno de los factores más influyentes en la futura labor docente de los maestros en formación. Por ello, consideramos que es necesario y de interés comparar las diferentes dimensiones que posee la actitud hacia las matemáticas entre los alumnos de Educación Primaria, debido a que en el grado que están estudiando deben adquirir tanto conocimientos de Matemáticas como la capacidad para impartirlos en su futuro empeño laboral

¡¡Estequiometria visible!!

Palabras clave: Estequiometría, reactivo límite, reacción química.¡¡Visible stoichiometry¡¡Keywords: Stoichiometry; limit reactive; chemical reaction

Noninvasive detection of microsatellite instability in patients with endometrial cancer

Endometrial cancer; Liquid biopsy; Uterine aspirateCàncer d'endometri; Biòpsia líquida; Aspirat uteríCáncer de endometrio; Biopsia líquida; Aspirado uterinoThe analysis of mismatch repair proteins in solid tissue is the standard of care (SoC) for the microsatellite instability (MSI) characterization in endometrial cancer (EC). Uterine aspirates (UAs) or circulating-DNA (cfDNA) samples capture the intratumor heterogeneity and provide a more comprehensive and dynamic molecular diagnosis. Thus, MSI analysis by droplet-digital PCR (ddPCR) in UAs and cfDNA can provide a reliable tool to characterize and follow-up the disease. The UAs, paraffin-embedded tumor tissue (FFPE) and longitudinal plasma samples from a cohort of 90 EC patients were analyzed using ddPCR panel and compared to the SoC. A high concordance (96.67%) was obtained between the analysis of MSI markers in UAs and the SoC. Three discordant cases were validated as unstable by ddPCR on FFPE samples. Besides, a good overall concordance (70.27%) was obtained when comparing the performance of the ddPCR assay on UAs and cfDNA in high-risk tumors. Importantly, our results also evidenced the value of MSI analysis to monitor the disease evolution. MSI evaluation in minimally invasive samples shows great accuracy and sensitivity and provides a valuable tool for the molecular characterization and follow-up of endometrial tumors, opening new opportunities for personalized management of EC.Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Grant/Award Numbers: CB16/12/00295, CB16/12/00328; Fundación Científica Asociación Española Contra el Cáncer, Grant/Award Numbers: FC_AECC PROYE19036MOR, 2018-AECC, INVES20051COLA; Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela; Instituto de Salud Carlos III and FEDER, Grant/Award Numbers: CM19/00087, CP20/00119, PI20/00969, PI20/01566, PI21/00990; Spanish Ministry of Economy and Innovation, Grant/Award Number: PID2019-104644RB-I0

Tomographic findings and mortality in patients with severe and critical pneumonia with COVID-19 diagnosis

Introduction: A high percentage of patients with non-severe (17.9%) and severe (2.9%) atypical pneumonia do not display pulmonary tomographic findings upon hospital admission; furthermore, lesion associated with COVI-19 are peripherally distributed in a multifocal ground-glass pattern, as well as displaying an irregular consolidation pattern, with a posterior or lower lobe predilection. The main objective of this study was to identify the pulmonary radiological patterns in patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia, the factors associated with the need for mechanical ventilation, as well as their survival rates at 30 days. Methods: We report the pulmonary tomographic findings of 490 consecutive patients with severe and critical pneumonia due to SARS-CoV-2. The patients were classified according to the tomography and demographic findings, sepsis severity prognostic scales, Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA), and the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE IV). The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate survival distributions. Results: 89.80% of patients had ground-glass opacities, 81.63% radiologic consolidation sign, 42.45% vascular thickening pattern, 37.55% lymphadenopathies, 14.90% pleural effusion, and 2.65% pulmonary thrombosis; meanwhile, 91.02% had bilateral lesions, 85.51% had peripheral lesions, and 75.92% had basal lobe lesions. APACHE IV (HR, 1.191, 95% CI [1.126, 1.260]), SOFA (HR, 5.178, 95%CI [3.103, 8.641]), and CCI (HR, 0.673, 95%CI [0.510, 0.889]), as well as the pulmonary damage severity index (HR, 1.282, 95%CI [1.151, 1.428]), predict the need for invasive mechanical ventilation. Only moderate ARDS patients with mild and severe lung disease showed different 30-day mortality distributions (χ2 = 7.00, p = 0.008). Discussion: Although the survival distributions did not vary significantly, an overwhelming majority of patients (i.e., 84.35%) with a higher pulmonary damage severity index (i.e., 23>) died within 30 days of hospital admission, while only 25.91% with moderate lung damage and 2.42% with mild lung damage

Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy characterization of sol-gel coatings applied on AA2024-T3 substrate

Scanning electrochemical microscopy was employed to characterize the local surface activity of an AA2024-T3 coated with sol-gel. Corrosion inhibitors were added to the sol-gel either as soluble chemical species, namely 1,2,3-benzotriazole, Na-(diethyl(dithiocarbamate)), and piperazine, or using Ce(III)-montmorillonite containers. The Scanning electrochemical microscopy was operated in the feedback mode by using ferrocene-methanol as redox mediator. This experimental procedure allowed evaluation of the coating behaviour in damaged and non-damaged areas from the analysis of Z-approach curves and 2D maps. The results evidence differences in the local electrochemical activity of the modified coatings that correlate well with averaging electrochemical measurements using electrochemical impedance spectroscop

The Epl1 and Sm1 proteins from Trichoderma atroviride and Trichoderma virens differentially modulate systemic disease resistance against different life style pathogens in Solanum lycopersicum

"Fungi belonging to the genus Trichoderma, commonly found in soil or colonizing plant roots, exert beneficial effects on plants, including the promotion of growth and the induction of resistance to disease. T virens and T atroviride secrete the proteins Sm1 and Epl1, respectively, which elicit local and systemic disease resistance in plants. In this work, we show that these fungi promote growth in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants. T virens was more effective than T atroviride in promoting biomass gain, and both fungi were capable of inducing systemic protection in tomato against Altemaria solani, Botrytis cinerea, and Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst DC3000). Deletion (KO) of epl1 in T atroviride resulted in diminished systemic protection against A. solani and B. cinerea, whereas the T virens sm1 KO strain was less effective in protecting tomato against Pst DC3000 and B. cinerea. Importantly, overexpression (OE) of epl1 and sm1 led to an increase in disease resistance against all tested pathogens. Although the Trichoderma WT strains induced both systemic acquired resistance (SAR)-and induced systemic resistance (ISR)-related genes in tomato, inoculation of plants with OE and KO strains revealed that Epl1 and Sm1 play a minor role in the induction of these genes. However, we found that Epl1 and Sm I induce the expression of a peroxidase and an alpha-dioxygenase encoding genes, respectively, which could be important for tomato protection by Trichoderma spp. Altogether, these observations indicate that colonization by beneficial and or infection by pathogenic microorganisms dictates many of the outcomes in plants, which are more complex than previously thought.

Hepatitis G virus infection in chronic liver disease

Background¿The hepatitis G virus (HGV), a recently identified member of the Flaviviridae family, can cause chronic infection in man but the role of this agent in chronic liver disease is poorly understood. Aims¿To evaluate the prevalence and meaning of HGV infection in a large series of patients with chronic liver disease. Subjects¿Two hundred volunteer blood donors, 179 patients with chronic hepatitis C, 111 with chronic hepatitis B, 104 with alcoholic liver disease, 136 with hepatocellular carcinoma, and 24 with cryptogenic chronic liver disease were studied. Methods¿HGV RNA was investigated in serum samples by reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction amplification of the 5¿ non-coding region of HCV and hybridisation to a specific probe. The main features of HGV RNA seropositive and seronegative patients were compared. Results¿The prevalence of HGV infection was 3% in blood donors, 7% in chronic hepatitis C, 8% in chronic hepatitis B, 2% in alcoholic liver disease, 4% in hepatocellular carcinoma, and 8% in cryptogenic chronic liver disease. HGV infected patients tended to be younger than non-infected patients but no differences concerning sex, possible source of infection, clinical manifestations, biochemical and virological parameters, or severity of liver lesions were found. Conclusions¿The prevalence of HGV infection in chronic liver disease seems to be relatively low in our area. Infection with HGV does not seem to play a significant pathogenic role in patients with chronic liver disease related to chronic HBV or HCV infection or to increased alcohol consumption, or in those with cryptogenic chronic liver disease