Coherence and synchronization in diode-laser arrays with delayed global coupling

The dynamics of a semiconductor-laser array whose individual elements are coupled in a global way through an external mirror is numerically analysed. A coherent in-phase solution is seen to be preferred by the system at intermediate values of the feedback coupling strength. At low values of this parameter, a strong amplification of the spontaneous emission noise is observed. A tendency towards chaos synchronization is also observed at large values of the feedback strength.Comment: 8 pages, LaTeX, 6 PS figures, to appear in International Journal of Bifurcation and Chao

Mujer y liderazgo. Claves para rescatar el talento femenino

The loss of female talent is estimated at billions of euros. The Barcelona Chamber of Commerce calculated an annual loss, only in its scope, of one billion euros of female talent. What do? Women have an own and distinct from the male culture, but who lives in situation of guest on culture pattern. Despite the awareness of value, women are docile and submissive as the guest who fears being expelled of a House that is not yours and therefore have developed Adaptive qualities: humility, kindness, dependency and impairment of his talent. This work identified being and feeling of women professionals and presents models of power that lead to the loss of female talent, for society and for the women individually. The current social demand for female talent makes viable the paradigm shift. «The question of women» is not already located in «social welfare» or help to disadvantaged groups. Today feels the talent and culture of women as a tool for the prosperity of the world. The work provides methodological resources to rescue that female talent that now lies under the weight of stereotypes. The first part puts numbers to loss of talent and describes the emotional and cultural model that causes this situation of increasing disadvantage. The second offers structural and personal solutions to emerge under talent.Accésit del Premio Estudios Financieros 2015 La pérdida de talento femenino se cifra en billones de euros. La Cámara de Comercio de Barcelona calculó una pérdida anual, solo en su ámbito de actuación, de mil millones de euros de talento femenino. ¿Qué hacer? Las mujeres tienen una cultura propia y distinta de la masculina, pero que vive en situación de huésped respecto a la cultura patrón. A pesar de la conciencia de valor, las mujeres se muestran dóciles y sumisas como el huésped que teme ser expulsado de una casa que no es la suya y por ello han desarrollado cualidades adaptativas: humildad, bondad, dependencia y desvalorización de su talento. Este trabajo identifica el ser y el sentir de las mujeres profesionales y expone los modelos de poder que conducen a la pérdida de talento femenino para la sociedad y para las mujeres individualmente. La actual demanda social de talento femenino hace viable el cambio de paradigma. «La cuestión de las mujeres» ya no se ubica en «el bienestar social» o en la ayuda a los grupos desfavorecidos. Hoy se percibe el talento y la cultura de las mujeres como herramienta para la prosperidad del mundo. El trabajo aporta recursos metodológicos para rescatar ese talento femenino que hoy yace bajo el peso de los estereotipos. La primera parte pone cifras a la pérdida de talento y describe el modelo cultural y emocional que provoca esta situación de creciente desventaja. La segunda ofrece soluciones estructurales y personales para aflorar el talento sometido

Seasonal effect and long-term nutritional status following exit from a Community-Based Management of Severe Acute Malnutrition program in Bihar, India.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Children aged 6 months to 5 years completing treatment for severe acute malnutrition (SAM) in a Médecins Sans Frontières Community Management of Acute Malnutrition (CMAM) program in Bihar, India, showed high cure rates; however, the program suffered default rates of 38%. This report describes the nutritional status of 1956 children followed up between 3 and 18 months after exiting the program. SUBJECTS/METHODS: All children aged 6-59 months discharged as cured with mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) ⩾120 mm or who defaulted from the program with MUAC <115 mm were traced at 3, 6, 9, 12 and 18 months (±10 days) before three exit reference dates: first at the end of the food insecure period, second after the 2-month food security and third after the 4-month food security. RESULTS: Overall, 68.7% (n=692) of defaulters and 76.2% (n=1264) of children discharged as cured were traced. Combined rates of non-recovery in children who defaulted with MUAC <115 mm were 41%, 30.1%, 9.9%, 6.1% and 3.6% at 3, 6, 9, 12 and 18 months following exit, respectively. Combined rates of relapse among cured cases (MUAC ⩾120 mm) were 9.1%, 2.9%, 2.1%, 2.8% and 0% at 3, 6, 9, 12 and 18 months following discharge, respectively. Prevalence of undernutrition increased substantially for both groups traced during low food security periods. Odds of death were much higher for children defaulting with MUAC <110 mm when compared with children discharged as cured, who shared the same mortality risk as those defaulting with MUAC 110-<115 mm. CONCLUSIONS: Seasonal food security predicted short-term nutritional status after exit, with relapse rates and non-recovery from SAM much higher during food insecurity. Mortality outcomes suggest that a MUAC of 110 mm may be considered an appropriate admission point for SAM treatment programs in this context

Joint ancestry and association test indicate two distinct pathogenic pathways involved in classical dengue fever and dengue shock syndrome

Ethnic diversity has been long considered as one of the factors explaining why the severe forms of dengue are more prevalent in Southeast Asia than anywhere else. Here we take advantage of the admixed profile of Southeast Asians to perform coupled association-admixture analyses in Thai cohorts. For dengue shock syndrome (DSS), the significant haplotypes are located in genes coding for phospholipase C members (PLCB4 added to previously reported PLCE1), related to inflammation of blood vessels. For dengue fever (DF), we found evidence of significant association with CHST10, AHRR, PPP2R5E and GRIP1 genes, which participate in the xenobiotic metabolism signaling pathway. We conducted functional analyses for PPP2R5E, revealing by immunofluorescence imaging that the coded protein co-localizes with both DENV1 and DENV2 NS5 proteins. Interestingly, only DENV2-NS5 migrated to the nucleus, and a deletion of the predicted top-linking motif in NS5 abolished the nuclear transfer. These observations support the existence of differences between serotypes in their cellular dynamics, which may contribute to differential infection outcome risk. The contribution of the identified genes to the genetic risk render Southeast and Northeast Asian populations more susceptible to both phenotypes, while African populations are best protected against DSS and intermediately protected against DF, and Europeans the best protected against DF but the most susceptible against DSS.The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Commission Seventh Framework Programme [FP7/2007-2013] for the DENFREE project under Grant Agreement no. 282378. MO has a PhD grant from FCT (The Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology - SFRH/BD/95626/2013). I3S is financed by FEDER - Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional funds through the COMPETE 2020 - Competitiveness and Internationalization Operational Programme (POCI), Portugal 2020, and by Portuguese funds through FCT/Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação in the framework of the project "Institute for Research and Innovation in Health Sciences" (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007274). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript