Formalin Test using Extract of Red Chrysanthemum Flower as Indicator into White Tofu and Tempeh (in Ende Traditional Market)

Formalin in food is very disturbing for the people. Lack of public knowledge about the harmful effects of formaldehyde, the difficulty of distinguishing food that contains and does not contain formaldehyde, lack of knowledge in simply identifying formaldehyde in food is the cause of the increasingly widespread use of formaldehyde in food. This study aims to examine the presence of formalin in white tofu and tempeh circulating in the traditional markets of Ende district by using red chrysanthemum flower extract as a natural indicator. This type of research is an experimental study with descriptive qualitative data analysis techniques. Sampling is done using random sampling techniques. The samples used came from the 3 largest traditional markets in Ende district, namely Wolowona Market, Senggol Market, and Ende Market. From the test results using red chrysanthemum extract showed that the white tofu and tempeh circulating in some traditional markets of Ende district were negative or did not contain formaldehyde. Based on the results of these tests it can be concluded that the red chrysanthemum flower extract can be used as a natural indicator to determine the presence of formalin in food, especially in white tofu and tempeh

Scoping review of cytolytic vaginosis literature

Background: Cytolytic vaginosis (CV) is a little-known, controversial condition that is typically not considered for women presenting with vulvovaginitis symptoms. Objective: The objective of this scoping review was to identify and compile the global evidence on CV. Methods: A medical librarian searched Prospero, Wiley Cochrane Library, Ovid Embase, Ovid Medline, EBSCO CINAHL, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global, and Scopus, from inception to April 4, 2019 and updated to October 17, 2021. Studies were eligible if they discussed CV. Two independent reviewers conducted study selection and data extraction. Results: Sixty-four studies were identified, with 67% of studies (n = 43) published since 2007. Studies were from around the world, including the United States (28%, n = 18), Brazil (11%, n = 7), Portugal (11%, n = 7), and China (11%, n = 7). Fifty percent of studies (n = 32) were reviews; the remainder were observational; and of these, 78% (n = 25) were cross-sectional. The most frequent topics included: diagnosis (19%, n = 12), prevalence (17%, n = 11), and overview of CV (50%, n = 32). Evidence for prevalence in symptomatic women (median prevalence of 5%, interquartile range 3%-8%) was based only on 16% of studies (n = 10) with minimal evidence on prevalence in asymptomatic women and across different geographic regions. Microbiological findings, including abundant lactobacilli and fragmented epithelial cells, were found useful to distinguish between CV and vulvovaginal candidiasis, and Lactobacillus crispatus was noted to dominate the vaginal flora in women with CV. Most studies used subjective criteria to diagnose CV as the condition lacks gold-standard microscopic criteria. The suggested primary treatment (baking soda irrigations) was largely based on expert opinion, and there was minimal evidence on associations between CV and other conditions. Conclusion: Knowledge gaps currently exist in all realms of CV research. Additional research is needed to confirm the validity of CV and ensure that women are diagnosed and treated effectively.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN PADA MATA KULIAH BOTANI TUMBUHAN RENDAH

Masa transisi dari tingkat sekolah menengah atas (SMA) ke bangku perguruan tinggi menyebabkan mahasiswa sering mengalami kesulitan dalam membedakan berbagai jenis tumbuhan tingkat rendah dengan hanya berdasarkan pada konsep teoritis saja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh media pembelajaran terhadap peningkatan prestasi belajar mahasiswa pendidikan Biologi. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa semester 2 program studi pendidikan Biologi yang berjumlah 40 orang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik tes yaitu pre test dan post test yang dilihat dari hasil akhir ujian semester 2 (dua) tahun akademik 2018/2019. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hasil post test lebih tinggi dari hasil pre test yaitu 82,13. Hasil ini didukung pula oleh nilai thitung > ttabel, yakni 44,370 > 2,023 pada taraf signifikansi 0,05 dan df = 39. Berdasarkan nilai thitung, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa H1 diterima. Dengan demikian, maka penggunaan media pembelajaran pada mata kuliah botani tumbuhan rendah dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar mahasiswa program studi pendidikan biolog

Formalin Test using Extract of Red Chrysanthemum Flower as Indicator into White Tofu and Tempeh (in Ende Traditional Market)

Formalin in food is very disturbing for the people. Lack of public knowledge about the harmful effects of formaldehyde, the difficulty of distinguishing food that contains and does not contain formaldehyde, lack of knowledge in simply identifying formaldehyde in food is the cause of the increasingly widespread use of formaldehyde in food. This study aims to examine the presence of formalin in white tofu and tempeh circulating in the traditional markets of Ende district by using red chrysanthemum flower extract as a natural indicator. This type of research is an experimental study with descriptive qualitative data analysis techniques. Sampling is done using random sampling techniques. The samples used came from the 3 largest traditional markets in Ende district, namely Wolowona Market, Senggol Market, and Ende Market. From the test results using red chrysanthemum extract showed that the white tofu and tempeh circulating in some traditional markets of Ende district were negative or did not contain formaldehyde. Based on the results of these tests it can be concluded that the red chrysanthemum flower extract can be used as a natural indicator to determine the presence of formalin in food, especially in white tofu and tempeh

Balancing renewable energy and river resources by moving from individual assessments of hydropower projects to energy system planning

As governments and non-state actors strive to minimize global warming, a primary strategy is the decarbonization of power systems which will require a massive increase in renewable electricity generation. Leading energy agencies forecast a doubling of global hydropower capacity as part of that necessary expansion of renewables. While hydropower provides generally low-carbon generation and can integrate variable renewables, such as wind and solar, into electrical grids, hydropower dams are one of the primary reasons that only one-third of the world’s major rivers remain free-flowing. This loss of free-flowing rivers has contributed to dramatic declines of migratory fish and sediment delivery to agriculturally productive deltas. Further, the reservoirs behind dams have displaced tens of millions of people. Thus, hydropower challenges the world’s efforts to meet climate targets while simultaneously achieving other Sustainable Development Goals. In this paper, we explore strategies to achieve the needed renewable energy expansion while sustaining the diverse social and environmental benefits of rivers. These strategies can be implemented at scales ranging from the individual project (environmental flows, fish passage and other site-level mitigation) to hydropower cascades to river basins and regional electrical power systems. While we review evidence that project-level management and mitigation can reduce environmental and social costs, we posit that the most effective scale for finding balanced solutions occurs at the scale of power systems. We further hypothesize that the pursuit of solutions at the system scale can also provide benefits for investors, developers and governments; evidence of benefits to these actors will be necessary for achieving broad uptake of the approaches described in this paper. We test this hypothesis through cases from Chile and Uganda that demonstrate the potential for system-scale power planning to allow countries to meet low-carbon energy targets with power systems that avoid damming high priority rivers (e.g., those that would cause conflicts with other social and environmental benefits) for a similar system cost as status quo approaches. We also show that, through reduction of risk and potential conflict, strategic planning of hydropower site selection can improve financial performance for investors and developers, with a case study from Colombia

Venezuela, April 2002: Coup or Popular Rebellion? The Myth of a United Venezuela

This article assesses the merits of opposing National Assembly reports into the coup against President Chavez of Venezuela in April 2002. Looking at the historical context and the content of the reports, it argues that the two opposing accounts reflect a class division that has always existed in Venezuela but has been officially denied. It concludes that a possible exit from the stalemate could be that the opposition accept the reality of this class division and therefore the Chavez government as a legitimate representative of the popular classes. This, however, is unlikely in the present circumstances

Regional variability in diving physiology and behavior in a widely distributed air-breathing marine predator, the South American sea lion (Otaria byronia)

Our understanding of how air-breathing marine predators cope with environmental variability is limited by our inadequate knowledge of their ecological and physiological parameters. Because of their wide distribution along both coasts of the sub-continent, South American sea lions (Otaria byronia) provide a valuable opportunity to study the behavioral and physiological plasticity of a marine predator in different environments.We measured the oxygen stores and diving behavior of South American sea lions throughout most of its range, allowing us to demonstrate that diving ability and behavior vary across its range.We found no significant differences in mass-specific blood volumes of sea lions among field sites and a negative relationship between massspecific oxygen storage and size, which suggests that exposure to different habitats and geographical locations better explains oxygen storage capacities and diving capability in South American sea lions than body size alone. The largest animals in our study (individuals from Uruguay) were the shallowest and shortest duration divers, and had the lowest mass-specific total body oxygen stores, while the deepest and longest duration divers (individuals from southern Chile) had significantly larger mass-specific oxygen stores, despite being much smaller animals. Our study suggests that the physiology of airbreathing diving predators is not fixed, but that it can be adjusted, to a certain extent, depending on the ecological setting and or habitat. These adjustments can be thought of as a 'training effect': as the animal continues to push its physiological capacity through greater hypoxic exposure, its breath-holding capacity increases

Alteration of distortion product otoacoustic emission input/output functions in subjects with a previous history of middle ear dysfunction

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of sub-clinical alterations on the amplitudes and slopes of the DPOAE input-output responses from subjects with previous history of middle ear dysfunction. Material/Methods: The study included 15 subjects with and 15 subjects without a history of otitis media in the last 10 years. All participants were assessed with acoustic immittance, pure-tone audiometry, and DPOAEs. For the later, I/O functions and I/O slopes were estimated at 1501, 2002, 3174, 4004 and 6384Hz. Results: No statistically significant differences were found between the 2 groups in terms of behavioral thresholds. The group with a previous history of middle ear dysfunction presented significantly lower mean DPOAE amplitudes at 2002, 3174 and 4004 Hz. In terms of DPOAE slopes, no statistically significant differences were observed at the tested frequencies, except at 3174 Hz. Conclusions: Middle ear pathologies can produce subclinical alterations that are undetectable with traditional pure-tone audiometry. The data from the present study show that reduced amplitude DPOAEs are associated with a previous history of middle ear complications. The corresponding DPOAE slopes were affected at only 1 tested frequency, suggesting that the cochlear non-linearity is preserved. Considering these results, it remains to be elucidated to what degree the DPOAE amplitude attenuation interferes with higher-order auditory tasks.FAPESP - Fundo de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo [2008/05151-9

Detection of noninteracting single domain particles using first-order reversal curve diagrams

We present a highly sensitive and accurate method for quantitativedetection and characterization of noninteracting or weakly interactinguniaxial single domain particles (UNISD) in rocks and sediments. Themethod is based on high-resolution measurements of first-order reversalcurves (FORCs). UNISD particles have a unique FORC signature that can beused to isolate their contribution among other magnetic components. Thissignature has a narrow ridge along the H(c) axis of the FORC diagram,called the central ridge, which is proportional to the switching fielddistribution of the particles. Therefore, the central ridge is directlycomparable with other magnetic measurements, such as remanentmagnetization curves, with the advantage of being fully selective to SDparticles, rather than other magnetic components. This selectivity isunmatched by other magnetic unmixing methods, and offers usefulapplications ranging from characterization of SD particles forpaleointensity studies to detecting magnetofossils and ultrafineauthigenically precipitated minerals in sediments