Elaboração de perfis de competências na Câmara Municipal de Lisboa

Mestrado em Gestão de Recursos HumanosO presente trabalho consiste num relatório sobre o estágio realizado, entre Fevereiro e Abril de 2015, no Departamento dos Recursos Humanos da Câmara Municipal de Lisboa, focado na área da Gestão de Competências. Este é um tipo de gestão que tem vindo a ganhar ênfase nas organizações pelo facto de contribuir bastante para o seu bom funcionamento. Para se chegar ao objetivo proposto, foi necessário a realização de uma revisão de conteúdos teóricos em matéria de competências: as suas dimensões, hierarquia, tipos de competências individuais, e os vários passos para a criação de um perfil de competências. O principal objetivo do estágio consistiu no projeto "Carta de Competências", com o propósito de serem criados perfis de competências funcionais para três funções distintas: o Atendimento, a Contabilidade e Finanças, e os Recursos Humanos. Com o objetivo de serem criados estes perfis várias foram as atividades realizadas, mas as duas principais e que são abordadas neste trabalho são: as alterações aos questionários para os trabalhadores e a definição da metodologia para o projeto em si.This essay consists of a report on an internship focused on the subject of Competency-based Management, which took place between February and April 2015, within the Human Resources Department of Lisbon's City Hall. This kind of management has been continuously growing amongst the corporate environment due to its strong contribution to organizational efficiency. To achieve the intended goal, a revision of the theoretical contents concerning competencies was necessary; their dimensions, hierarchy, types of individual competencies, and the various steps towards the creation of a competency profile. The internship's main focus consisted of the project "Letter of Competency", with the purpose of generating functional competency profiles for three distinct areas: Receptionists, Accounting and Finance, and Human Resources. With this objective in mind, several tasks were performed, the two main ones being highlighted in this study: the re-structuring of the inquiries to workers, and the establishment of the methodology to be used in the project itself

Genetic basis for hyper production of hyaluronic acid in natural and engineered microorganisms

Hyaluronic acid, or HA, is a rigid and linear biopolymer belonging to the class of the glycosaminoglycans, and composed of repeating units of the monosaccharides glucuronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine. HA has multiple important functions in the human body, due to its properties such as bio compatibility, lubricity and hydrophilicity, it is widely applied in the biomedical, food, health and cosmetic fields. The growing interest in this molecule has motivated the discovery of new ways of obtaining it. Traditionally, HA has been extracted from rooster comb-like animal tissues. However, due to legislation laws HA is now being produced by bacterial fermentation using Streptococcus zooepidemicus, a natural producer of HA, despite it being a pathogenic microorganism. With the expansion of new genetic engineering technologies, the use of organisms that are non-natural producers of HA has also made it possible to obtain such a polymer. Most of the published reviews have focused on HA formulation and its effects on different body tissues, whereas very few of them describe the microbial basis of HA production. Therefore, for the first time this review has compiled the molecular and genetic bases for natural HA production in microorganisms together with the main strategies employed for heterologous production of HA

Vulnerabilidade ambiental em Áreas de Proteção Ambiental (APA) do Bioma Mata Atlântica na região sudeste brasileira

Environmental Protection Areas (EPA) are Conservation Units (CU) for Sustainable Use that have relevant natural characteristics of the landscape, which must be preserved. However, this management category has generally presented many difficulties and limitations due to its low degree of environmental restriction, suffering several criticisms arising mainly from objectives and its conservation efficiency. These factors can cause greater pressure on natural habitats, and, eventually, generate considerable levels of vulnerability in their territory. In this sense, the objective of the present work was to diagnose the environmental vulnerability of the EPA inserted in the domain of the Atlantic Forest Biome in the southeastern region of Brazil. With the aid of the ArcGIS software, data were used in the Geographic Information System (GIS) of slope, geology, pedology and land use and occupation to determine the Environmental Vulnerability Index. The results showed that the areas studied fall predominantly into the low and medium vulnerability classes. Despite this scenario, it is necessary to implement actions and measures that aim to reduce the degradation of the areas of remaining native vegetation, due to the advance mainly of the existing agricultural and urban activities in the study area. Therefore, it is concluded that the present study is essential for territorial planning, subsidizing information for the management plans for this and other CU categories.As Áreas de Proteção Ambiental (APA) são Unidades de Conservação (UC) de Uso Sustentável que possuem características naturais relevantes da paisagem, as quais devem ser preservadas. No entanto, essa categoria de manejo geralmente tem apresentado muitas dificuldades e limitações em virtude do seu baixo grau de restrição ambiental, sofrendo diversas críticas oriundas principalmente dos seus objetivos e da sua eficiência de conservação. Esses fatores podem ocasionar maior pressão sobre os habitats naturais e, eventualmente, gerar níveis consideráveis de vulnerabilidade em seu território. Nesse sentido, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi diagnosticar a vulnerabilidade ambiental das APAs inseridas no domínio do Bioma Mata Atlântica na região sudeste brasileira. Com auxílio do software ArcGIS, foram utilizados dados em Sistema de Informação Geográfica (SIG) de declividade, geologia, pedologia e uso e ocupação da terra para a determinação do Índice de Vulnerabilidade Ambiental. Os resultados mostraram que as áreas estudadas se enquadram predominantemente nas classes de baixa e média vulnerabilidade. Apesar desse cenário, é necessário implantar ações e medidas que visem reduzir a degradação das áreas de vegetação nativa remanescente, em virtude do avanço principalmente das atividades agrícolas e urbanas existentes nas APA. Portanto, conclui-se que o presente estudo é essencial para o planejamento territorial, podendo subsidiar informações para os planos de manejo dessa e outras categorias de UC

Biogas - Turning Waste into Clean Energy

Expertise in biogas production using anaerobic digestion (AD) can offer many benefits in addition to being an alternative source of energy. This process involves plant digesters and provides an alternative destination for biomass that would eventually go unutilized and deposited in a trash heap. The application of the appropriate plant digester technology can generate energy, and the gas produced can be used for many purposes, such as water and space heating, lighting, and grain drying. In this context, agro residues are one of the most abundant energy sources available world wide. Nevertheless, the bioconversion of organic matter to biogas is a complex process of AD that involves many reactions among several microorganisms living in a stable community. Microorganisms from many diverse genera of obligate anaerobes and facultative anaerobes constitute these steps, and four groups are recognized to be the most frequent in biogas production plants. These groups, in order of substrate hydrolysis, are hydrolytic, acidogenic, and acetogenic bacteria, followed by the core group, the methanogenic archaea. All together, they compose the operation of a systematized activity with synergistic effects that ensure the stability of the process

QUALIDADE DE VIDA E SEXUALIDADE DE MULHERES HISTERECTOMIZADAS EM UMA MATERNIDADE PÚBLICA DA AMAZÔNIA BRASILEIRA

RESUMO Objetivo: descrever a qualidade de vida e sexualidade de mulheres histerectomizadas que se submeteram à cirurgia no Hospital da Mulher - HMML de Macapá-Amapá. Método: estudo do tipo descritivo exploratório, com delineamento transversal e abordagem quantitativa, realizado com mulheres de uma maternidade de Macapá, estado do Amapá, que se submeteram à histerectomia total nos anos de 2006 a 2016. Utilizaram-se como instrumentos para avaliar a qualidade de vida e a sexualidade de mulheres submetidas à histerectomia total a entrevista individual e os testes WHOQOL-bref e QS-F. Resultados: a amostra incluiu 41 mulheres histerectomizadas com idades entre 24 e 60 anos. A maioria delas considera que a sua QV é boa (53,7%). Quanto à satisfação com a saúde, pouco mais da metade referiu estar satisfeita (36,5%). No tocante à caracterização do desempenho sexual, 13 (31,7%) relataram desempenho sexual desfavorável a regular. Conclusão: a análise das médias dos escores de cada dimensão mostra melhor qualidade de vida no domínio psicológico. No entanto, as correlações do quociente sexual com os domínios da qualidade de vida são todas positivas e significativas

In vivo evaluation of tissue response to new endodontic sealers

Introduction: The sealers can be in direct contact with the periapical tissues. Thus, these materials must have appropriate physical and biological properties, providing conditions for repair to occur. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the response of rat subcutaneous tissue to endodontics sealers. Material and methods: Three materials comprised the groups: group I – Zinc Oxide, Eugenol and Iodoform paste, group II – Portland cement with propylene glycol, and group III – MTA Fillapex® (Angelus). These materials were placed in polyethylene tubes and implanted into dorsal connective tissue of Wistar rats for seven and 15 days. The specimens were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and evaluated regarding to inflammatory reaction parameters through a light microscope. The data were compared using Kruskal-Wallis test with significance level of 5%. The intensity of inflammatory response against the sealers was analyzed by two blinded and previously calibrated observers for all experimental periods. Results: The histological evaluation showed that all the materials caused a moderated inflammatory reaction at seven days which decreased with time. A greater inflammatory reaction was observed at seven days in group I. The other specimens had significantly less inflammatory cells when compared to this group. Tubes with MTA Fillapex® presented some giant cells, macrophages and lymphocytes after seven days. At 15 days, the presence of fibroblasts and collagen fibers was observed indicating normal tissue healing. The group II showed similar results to those observed in MTA Fillapex® already at seven days. At 15 days the inflammatory reaction presented was almost absent at the tissue, with many collagen fibers indicating normal tissue healing. Statistical analysis showed a significant statistical difference amongst the group I (seven days) and II (15 days) (p < 0.05). In the other groups no (Continue)(Continuation) significant statistical differences were observed. Conclusion: MTA Fillapex® and Portland cement with propylene glycol were more biocompatible than the other tested cement

Dopamine-Induced Ascorbate Release From Retinal Neurons Involves Glutamate Release, Activation of AMPA/Kainate Receptors and Downstream Signaling Pathways

Ascorbate, the reduced form of Vitamin C, is one of the most abundant and important low-molecular weight antioxidants in living tissues. Most animals synthesize vitamin C, but some primates, including humans, have lost this capacity due to disruption in L-gulono-gamma-lactone oxidase gene. Because of this incapacity, those animals must obtain Vitamin C from the diet. Ascorbate is highly concentrated in the central nervous system (CNS), including the retina, and plays essential roles in neuronal physiology. Ascorbate transport into cells is controlled by Sodium Vitamin C Co-Transporters (SVCTs). There are four SVCT isoforms and SVCT2 is the major isoform controlling ascorbate transport in the CNS. Regarding ascorbate release from retinal neurons, Glutamate, by activating its ionotropic receptors leads to ascorbate release via the reversion of SVCT2. Moreover, dopamine, via activation of D1 receptor/cyclic AMP/EPAC2 pathway, also induces ascorbate release via SVCT2 reversion. Because the dopaminergic and glutamatergic systems are interconnected in the CNS, we hypothesized that dopamine could regulate ascorbate release indirectly, via the glutamatergic system. Here we reveal that dopamine increases the release of D-Aspartate from retinal neurons in a way independent on calcium ions and dependent on excitatory amino acid transporters. In addition, dopamine-dependent SVCT2 reversion leading to ascorbate release occurs by activation of AMPA/Kainate receptors and downstream ERK/AKT pathways. Overall, our data reveal a dopamine-to-glutamate signaling that regulates the bioavailability of ascorbate in neuronal cells

Derivados funcionais sulfatados de quitosana como agente de adsorção de Cd+2 / Functional derivatives of chitosan sulphate as Cd+2 adsorption agent

A quitosana, um polissacarídeo biocompatível, atóxico e abundante na região do Nordeste Brasileiro, tem se mostrado um material de grande interesse pela comunidade científica para fins ambientais. Devido a presença de grupos amino e hidroxila, este polissacarídeo pode ser submetido a reações de modificação estrutural, a fim de potencializar seu escopo de aplicações. Neste estudo, realizou-se reações de sulfatação e carboximetilação em quitosana de modo a ampliar sua capacidade de adsorção. Os dois derivados sintetizados apresentaram alta taxa de adsorção de Cd+2 em diferentes pH’s, com valores entre 50% a 70%. A quitosana sulfatada (QTS) possui uma capacidade máxima de adsorção (Qmax) superior a 275 mg/g, sendo maior que a capacidade adsortiva da quitosana reportada na literatura. Os estudos cinéticos demonstraram que os derivativos sulfatados de quitosana obedecem ao modelo de pseudo-segunda ordem, atingindo o tempo de equilíbrio rapidamente. Os estudos de isoterma de adsorção em função do pH demonstraram que a QTS obedece ao modelo de Langmuir em todos os pHs, com a adsorção ocorrendo em monocamada. Desta forma, observou-se que a QTS é um material muito promissor para a adsorção de cádmio

Comportamento sexual e uso de preservativos na população brasileira: análise da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde, 2019

Objective: The objective of this research was to describe the sexual behaviors and condom use in the Brazilian population. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive study, which used data from 88,531 individuals aged 18 years or older, who answered the second edition of the National Health Survey carried out in 2019. Prevalence was estimated with the respective 95% confidence intervals for each sexual behavior indicator and condom use according to sex, age, race / skin color, educational level and region of residence. Results: The majority of the Brazilian population has had sexual intercourse at some point in their lives (93.9%). Mean age of initiation was 17.3 years. Prevalence of consistent condom use was only 22.8%, being even lower among women (20,9%). Moreover, 59% of the population reported not having used a condom in the past 12 months, been the main reason trusting their partner (73.4%). The use of health services to obtain condoms was only 10.7%. It was observed that women, individuals with a higher age group, less education and income had worse results in relation to the analyzed indicators, in addition to regional disparities. Conclusion: Low prevalence of condom use was observed in the Brazilian population. In addition, important socioeconomic and demographic disparities were observed, pointing out the need to revisit, strengthen and expand public policies in the sexual and reproductive health field in order to prevent risky sexual behaviors and promote condom use, including double protection.Objetivo: O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi descrever os comportamentos relacionados à atividade sexual e ao uso de preservativos na população brasileira. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo transversal, descritivo, que utilizou dados de 88.531 indivíduos com 18 anos ou mais, que responderam à segunda edição da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde realizada em 2019. Foram estimadas as prevalências com os respectivos intervalos de 95% de confiança para cada indicador relativo ao comportamento sexual e uso de preservativos de acordo com sexo, idade, raça/cor, nível de escolaridade e região de moradia. Resultados: A maioria da população brasileira já teve relação sexual alguma vez na vida (93,9%), sendo a idade média de iniciação de 17,3 anos. A prevalência do uso consistente de preservativos foi de apenas 22,8%, sendo ainda menor entre as mulheres (20,9%). Ainda, 59% da população referiu não ter usado preservativo nenhuma vez nos últimos 12 meses, sendo o principal motivo do não uso confiar no parceiro (73,4%). O uso dos serviços de saúde para obter preservativos foi de apenas 10,7%. Observou-se que mulheres, indivíduos com faixa etária maior, menor escolaridade e renda apresentaram piores resultados em relação aos indicadores analisados, além das disparidades regionais. Conclusão: Observou-se uma baixa prevalência do uso de preservativos na população brasileira, além de importantes disparidades socioeconômicas e demográficas, apontando a necessidade de revisitar, fortalecer e ampliar as políticas públicas no campo da saúde sexual e reprodutiva, com vistas à prevenção de comportamentos sexuais de risco e promoção abrangente do uso do preservativo, incluindo a dupla proteção