FAIR climate change: emergent data framework

The proposal is to discuss the design of a framework based on FAIR principles focused on the climate change concept on two approaches: metadata to improve data recovery efficiency, and use of FAIR parameters to problem solutions, decision making, public policies, and process reproduction. In addition, this project can contribute to mitigating misinformation about climate change and its impacts

Natural and anthropogenic factors in the Guadalquivir estuary affect the abundance of anchovy in the Gulf of Cadiz (SW Spain)

The Gulf of Cadiz socio-ecosystem is characterized by a focal ecosystem component –the estuary of the Guadalquivir River– that has an in uence on the marine ecosystem –serves as a nursery area– and at the same time concentrates a great number of sectoral human activities. This nursery role particularly affects the anchovy fishery, which is the most economically and culturally important fishery in the region. As a transition zone between terrestrial and marine environments, estuaries are particularly sensitive to human activities, either developed directly at the aquatic environment or its surroundings. A dam 110 km upstream from the river mouth regulates freshwater input (mainly for agriculture purposes) into the estuary with consequences on turbidity and salinity. Using time series analysis on 18 years of monthly data from an estuarine monitoring program we (1) quantify the effects that natural (plankton, temperature, winds) and anthropogenic-influenced variables (freshwater volume, turbidity, salinity) have on the abundance of anchovy larvae and juveniles, and (2) relate the abundance of these estuarine-resident early stages to the abundance of adult anchovy in the sea. Water management stands out as a key node where potentially con icting interests (agriculture, power generation, aquaculture, fisheries) converge. Linking land-based activities to its impact on stock biomass represents the main challenge to ecosystem-based management in this particular regional sea. By focusing on the effects that these activities ultimately have on the anchovy fishery –via recruitment– our study aims to contribute to the process of making the ecosystem approach operational in the Gulf of Cadiz

ASSOCIAÇÃO ENTRE OS NÍVEIS DE AUTOEFICÁCIA E BURNOUT EM PROFESSORES DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo verificar la asociación entre la autoeficacia y los niveles de agotamiento de los maestros de educación física que trabajan en educación básica. Participaron 63 docentes de educación física de escuelas públicas y privadas del municipio de Belém (PA) y la región metropolitana. Consiste en una encuesta de campo (encuesta), con un enfoque cuantitativo y de carácter descriptivo e inferencial. Como instrumentos de recolección de datos, se utilizó un cuestionario sociodemográfico y de trabajo para caracterizar a los participantes; para medir los niveles de Burnout, el Inventario de Burnout de Maslach (MBI), adaptado para maestros y la escala de autoeficacia del maestro de Educación Física, para medir los niveles de autoeficacia de los maestros. Los datos se analizaron con SPSS, versión 24.0. Para realizar la asociación entre las variables Burnout y autoeficacia, se aplicaron dos técnicas estadísticas inferenciales: Análisis Factorial (AF) y Análisis de Correspondencia (AC). Desde la AF, los maestros se clasificaron en tres grupos, con alta, media y baja autoeficacia. Los tres factores explicaron, en este estudio, el 73.75% de la varianza total de las respuestas de los sujetos a la Escala de Autoeficacia. El AC mostró que los maestros de Educación Física con alto agotamiento emocional, alta despersonalización y baja realización personal, manifestaron baja autoeficacia, mientras que los maestros con alta autoeficacia están relacionados con la despersonalización promedio, la satisfacción personal promedio y alta y el agotamiento emocional promedio.This study aimed to verify the association between self-efficacy and Burnout levels of Physical Education teachers working in Basic Education. Sixty-three Physical Education teachers from public and private schools in the municipality of Belém (PA) and metropolitan region participated. It consists of a field survey (quantitative approach) with a described and inferential character. As data collection instruments used to characterize the participants a sociodemographic and work Questionnaire; to measure Burnout levels the Maslach Burnout Inventory, adapted for teachers and Physical Education Teacher Self-efficacy Scale, to measure teachers' self-efficacy levels. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 24.0. To make the association between the Burnout variables and self-efficacy, two inferential statistical techniques were applied: the Factor Analysis (FA) and the Correspondence Analysis (CA). From FA, teachers were classified into three groups, with high, medium and low self-efficacy. The three factors explained, in this study, 73.75% of the total variance of the subjects' responses to the Self-efficacy Scale. The CA showed that Physical Education teachers with high emotional exhaustion, high depersonalization and low personal fulfillment, manifested low self-efficacy while teachers with high self-efficacy are related to average depersonalization, medium and high personal fulfillment and average emotional exhaustion.Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar a associação entre a autoeficácia e os níveis de Burnout de professores de Educação Física que atuam na Educação Básica. Participaram 63 docentes de Educação Física de escolas públicas e privadas do município de Belém (PA) e região metropolitana. Consiste num levantamento de campo (survey), de abordagem quantitativa e de caráter descrito e inferencial. Como instrumentos de coleta de dados utilizou para caracterização dos participantes um Questionário sociodemográfico e de trabalho; para aferir os níveis de Burnout o Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), adaptado para professores e Escala de autoeficácia de professor de Educação Física, para medir os níveis de autoeficácia dos docentes. Os dados foram analisados a partir do SPSS, versão 24.0. Para realizar a associação entre as variáveis Burnout e autoeficácia aplicaram-se duas técnicas estatísticas inferenciais: a Análise Fatorial (AF) e a Análise de Correspondência (AC). A partir da AF, os professores foram classificados em três grupos, com alta, média e baixa autoeficácia. Os três fatores explicaram, neste estudo, 73,75% da variância total das respostas dos sujeitos à Escala de autoeficácia. A AC mostrou que professores de Educação Física com alta exaustão emocional, alta despersonalização e baixa realização pessoalanifestaram baixa autoeficácia enquanto que docentes com alta autoeficácia estão relacionados a média despersonalização, a média e alta realização pessoal e a média exaustão emocional

Natural and land-based factors in the Guadalquivir estuary affect the abundance of anchovy in the Gulf of Cadiz (SW Spain)

The Gulf of Cadiz socio-ecosystem is characterized by a focal ecosystem component –the estuary of the Guadalquivir River– that has an influence on the marine ecosystem –serves as a nursery area– and at the same time concentrates a great number of sectoral human activities. This nursery role particularly affects the anchovy fishery, which is the most economically and culturally important fishery in the region. As a transition zone between terrestrial and marine environments, estuaries are particularly sensitive to human activities, either developed directly at the aquatic environment or its surroundings. A dam 110 km upstream from the river mouth regulates freshwater input (mainly for agriculture purposes) into the estuary with consequences on turbidity and salinity. Using time series analysis we (1) quantify the effects that natural (plankton, temperature, winds) and anthropogenic-influenced variables (freshwater discharges, turbidity, salinity) have on the abundance of anchovy larvae and juveniles, and (2) relate the abundance of these estuarine-resident early stages to the abundance of adult anchovy in the sea. Water management stands out as a key node where potentially conflicting interests (agriculture, power generation, aquaculture, fisheries) converge. Linking land-based activities to its impact on stock biomass represents the main challenge to ecosystem-based management in this particular regional sea. By focusing on the effects that these activities ultimately have on the anchovy fishery –via recruitment– our study aims to provide alternative management scenarios by quantifying tradeoffs between sectors

Pollen Spectrum and Trophic Niche Width of Melipona scutellaris Latreille, 1811 (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Highly Urbanized and Industrialized Sites

The floristic composition of an environment is important to ensure the trophic niche of bee species. Melipona scutellaris Latreille, is a typical stingless bee of Atlantic rainforest sites in northeastern Brazil, a region widely established in meliponaries for honey and pollen production. M. scutellaris is reared (meliponiculture) in rural and urban areas, where the species depends on the availability of different plants for nectar and pollen collection. In this study, we estimated food niche width, equitativity, and similarity between different colonies of M. scutellaris in highly urbanized and industrialized sites of the Metropolitan Region of Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil. We analyzed pollen spectrum of 58 honey samples from six meliponaries, during 12 months. We identified 111 pollen types distributed in 28 plant families. The Fabaceae family showed the highest diversity in pollen types (33.33% of the total) and Mimosa caesalpiniifolia was the most frequent pollen type, found in 100% of the samples. M. scutellaris concentrated its foraging activity on a few trophic resources (H’ = 2.69 and J’ = 0.01) indicating a few melittophilous plant species belonging to the genera Eucalyptus, Mimosa, Protium, Serjania and Tapirira, should be managed on a regional scale to favor meliponiculture with this native bee species

ESTIMATING THE DIAMETER OF TREE USING THE NEURO-FUZZY INFERENCE SYSTEM AND ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS FROM THE TOTAL HEIGHT VARIABLE

Studies that seek to identify potential techniques for obtaining diameter values at 1.30 m from the ground from tree height data are necessary, especially when considering the use of airborne Lidar in forest inventory activity. In this sense, this work aimed to evaluate two artificial intelligence tools for this purpose, namely the neuro-fuzzy inference systems and the artificial neural networks. Four models were tested to obtain estimates for the diameter variable, which were prepared by combining the independent variables useful area per plant, age and height. After processing, the statistics of bias, square root of the mean squared error in percentage, correlation and mean percentage error were calculated, in addition to the preparation of scatter plots and histogram of residues. It was observed that, for the estimation of the diameter in both techniques, the use of the model with all independent variables obtained the best values for the analysis statistics. It can be concluded that both tools can be used to estimate the diameter, with the neuro-fuzzy inference system being more suitable for its processing speed and small variability between the values obtained in different training sessions for the same database

COVID-19 and maternal death in Brazil: an invisible tragedy

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International politics must be considered together with climate and fisheries regulation as a driver of marine ecosystems

Seafood is an essential source of protein globally. As its demand continues to rise, balancing food security and the health of marine ecosystems has become a pressing challenge. Ecosystem-based fisheries management (EBFM) has been adopted by the European Union (EU) Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) to meet this challenge by ac- counting for the multiple interacting natural and socio-economic drivers. The CFP includes both the imple- mentation of regulatory measures to EU stocks and the establishment of bilateral fisheries agreements with neighbouring countries, known as sustainable fisheries partnership agreements (SFPAs). While the effects of fisheries management regulations are well acknowledged, the consequences of the SFPAs on EU ecosystems have been commonly overlooked. Here we investigate the development of the Gulf of Cadiz marine ecosystem over the last two decades and found evidence of the impact of both policy interventions. Our findings reveal the effec- tiveness of regulatory measures in reverting a progressively degrading ecosystem, characterised by high fishing pressure and dominance of opportunistic species, to a more stable configuration, characterised by higher biomass of small pelagics and top predators after 2005. Knock-on effects of the EU-Morocco SFPA and climate effects were detected before 2005, resulting in increased purse seine fishing effort, lower biomass of pelagic species and warmer temperatures. This southern EU marine ecosystem has been one of the latest to introduce regulations and is very exposed to fishery agreements with neighbouring Morocco. Our study highlights the importance of taking into consideration, not only the effects of in situ fisheries regulations but also the indirect implications of political agreements in the framework of EBFM.Marie Curie (re)Integration Grant (M.Ll., FP7-PEOPLE, ref: PERG05-GA-2009-247528), OCAL-DILEMA project (ref: CTM2014-59244-C3-2-R), CAPES Foundation and the Science without Borders fellowship program (ref: 99999.013763/2013- 00), EASME/ EMFF/2018/1.3.2.4/Lot2/SI2.818388-SC03En prensa6,86

Parasites with zoonotic potential in canine fecal samples from Garanhuns, Pernambuco, Brazil

Among the gastrointestinal parasites of dogs that present public health importance, the species of the genus Ancylostoma and Toxocara are the most frequently detected, and have been important cause of soil contamination. The aim of this study was to detect gastrointestinal parasites in dog’s feces collected in households, streets and public squares of the city of Garanhuns, Pernambuco, Brazil. Fecal samples (n = 640) were collected in the environment and evaluated by parasitological methods of Willis-Mollay and Hoffman, Pons and Janer. Out of all samples, 51.09% (327/640) were positive for gastrointestinal parasites. In particular, in 70.94% (232/327) of the samples were detected eggs of Ancylostoma spp., and in 11.01% (36/327) coinfection by Ancylostoma spp. and Toxocara canis. In conclusion, the presence of eggs of zoonotic parasites in feces collected from the environment in the city of Garanhuns represent a risk for the transmission of Cutaneous Larva Migrans and Visceral Larva Migrans for the human population