2,234 research outputs found
Systemic and intraperitoneal interleukin‐6 system during the first year of peritoneal dialysis
Perit Dial Int. 2006 Jan-Feb;26(1):53-63.
Systemic and intraperitoneal interleukin-6 system during the first year of peritoneal dialysis.
Pecoits-Filho R, Carvalho MJ, Stenvinkel P, Lindholm B, Heimbürger O.
Division of Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Karolinska Institutet, K-56, Huddinge University Hospital, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden. [email protected]
Comment in:
Perit Dial Int. 2006 Jan-Feb;26(1):35-7.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate if intraperitoneal and systemic interleukin-6 (IL-6) and soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R) are related to each other and to peritoneal solute transport rate (PSTR).
DESIGN: Longitudinal study in retrospectively selected patients.
SETTING: Peritoneal dialysis (PD) unit of a university-based hospital.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: 31 PD patients on treatment with conventional glucose-based solutions participated in a longitudinal study. IL-6 and sIL-6R were measured in plasma and overnight effluent, both at baseline and after 12 +/- 2 months on PD. C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum albumin were used as surrogate markers of inflammation. PSTR of small solutes was evaluated using the dialysate-to-plasma ratio (D/P) of creatinine after a 4-hour dwell; PSTR of large solutes was evaluated using the 24-hour D/P ratio of albumin.
RESULTS: D/P creat increased over time (0.67 +/- 0.15 vs 0.80 +/- 0.11, p or = median had higher (p or = median [24.7 (16.5 - 38.5) pg/mL] compared to patients with IL-6 < median [14.1 (10 - 25.7) pg/mL]. Neither CRP nor albumin changed over time on PD, although they were closely linked to plasma IL-6 levels. A strong positive correlation was found between D/P creat and dialysate IL-6 (rho = 0.77, p < 0.0001) at baseline, but not at 1 year. In contrast, there was a significant correlation between D/P creat and dialysate sIL-6R (rho = 0.39, p < 0.05) at 1 year, but not at baseline. At 1 year, 17 patients with increasing PSTR had higher increases in dialysate IL-6 (28 +/- 26 vs -21 +/- 78 pg/mL, p < 0.05) and levels of dialysate sIL-6R (693 +/- 392 vs 394 +/- 274 pg/mL, p = 0.05) compared to patients with stable PSTR (n = 11). Patients who had peritonitis presented higher baseline serum IL-6 concentration (6.8 +/- 1.0 pg/mL) compared with patients without peritonitis (4.0 +/- 0.6 pg/mL, p < 0.05). Finally, both at baseline and after 1 year, there were significant correlations between plasma and dialysate IL-6 (rho = 0.46, p < 0.05, and rho = 0.40, p < 0.05) respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that, (1) intraperitoneal and systemic inflammation increase in PD patients during the first year of therapy; (2) intraperitoneal and systemic inflammation may be interrelated and the IL-6 system may be the link; (3) the IL-6 system (both intraperitoneal and systemic) is associated with PSTR, particularly in the early phase of PD treatment, in which small and large solute transport are linked. Signs of a transition between acute and chronic inflammation were observed in the follow-up evaluation. Inflammation may, at least in part, be responsible for the development of a high PSTR, and this could be one reason for the high mortality in patients with high PSTR.
PMID: 16538876 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLIN
A Non-Relativistic Weyl Anomaly
We examine the Weyl anomaly for a four-dimensional z=3 Lifshitz scalar
coupled to Horava's theory of anisotropic gravity. We find a one-loop
break-down of scale-invariance at second order in the gravitational background.Comment: LaTeX, 23 pages, no figures, JHEP style; v2: typos fixed to match the
published versio
Phenotyping for iron deficiency chlorosis at a morphological, biochemical and multispectral level
info:eu-repo/semantics/draf
K* nucleon hyperon form factors and nucleon strangeness
A crucial input for recent meson hyperon cloud model estimates of the nucleon
matrix element of the strangeness current are the nucleon-hyperon-K* (NYK*)
form factors which regularize some of the arising loops. Prompted by new and
forthcoming information on these form factors from hyperon-nucleon potential
models, we analyze the dependence of the loop model results for the
strange-quark observables on the NYK* form factors and couplings. We find, in
particular, that the now generally favored soft N-Lambda-K* form factors can
reduce the magnitude of the K* contributions in such models by more than an
order of magnitude, compared to previous results with hard form factors. We
also discuss some general implications of our results for hadronic loop models.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figures, new co-author, discussion extended to the
momentum dependence of the strange vector form factor
Úlceras do pé diabético: importância da caracterização da multiresistência a antibióticos em isolados bacterianos
A diabetes melfitus é uma doença metabólica crónica que resulta numa deficiente
capacidade de utilização da glicose. A infecção do pé diabético é uma complicação
grave que, quando não controlada, pode levar à amputação, ocasionando
incapacidade temporal ou definitiva. O tratamento do pé diabético passa pela
antibioterapia agressiva, considerando a profundidade das lesões ulceradas.
Neste estudo, foi efectuada uma análise bacteriológica a 21 doentes com úlceras
activas do pé diabético, com o objectivo de caracterizar o perfil de resistência a
antibióticos. De acordo com a metodologia implementada no CHTMAD, no isolamento
usaram-se meios selectivos e diferenciais. Na identificação e estudo do perfil de
susceptibilidade, utilizou-se um sistema automático (Dade Behring). Posteriormente,
no Laboratório de Microbiologia - Departamento de Ciências Veterinárias da UTAD foi
determinado, pelo método de difusão em disco em agar Muelter-Hinton o perfil de
susceptibilidade aos agentes antibacterianos: J3-lactâmicos, aminoglicosideos,
quinolonas, tetraciclinas, fenicóis, macrotídos, sulfamidas e tosfomicina. Foram
testados em bactérias de Gram negativo da família Enterobactereaceae e não
Enterobactereaceae segundo os procedimentos do CLSI (2007). Na correlação dos
resultados do estudo ao perfil de susceptibilidade, determinado pelo sistema
automático e pelo método de Kirby-Bauer, observaram-se discrepâncias no fenótipo,
nomeadamente para amoxicilina/ácido clavulânico, imipenemo e amicacina
Phenomenological analysis connecting proton-proton and antiproton-proton elastic scattering
Based on the behavior of the elastic scattering data, we introduce an almost
model-independent parametrization for the imaginary part of the scattering
amplitude, with the energy and momentum transfer dependences inferred on
empirical basis and selected by rigorous theorems and bounds from axiomatic
quantum field theory. The corresponding real part is analytically evaluated by
means of dispersion relations, allowing connections between particle-particle
and particle-antiparticle scattering. Simultaneous fits to proton-proton and
antiproton-proton experimental data in the forward direction and also including
data beyond the forward direction, lead to a predictive formalism in both
energy and momentum transfer. We compare our extrapolations with predictions
from some popular models and discuss the applicability of the results in the
normalization of elastic rates that can be extracted from present and future
accelerator experiments (Tevatron, RHIC and LHC).Comment: 17 pages, 17 figures, to appear in Eur. Phys. J.
Identifying multiple stressor controls on phytoplankton dynamics in the River Thames (UK) using high-frequency water quality data
River phytoplankton blooms can pose a serious risk to water quality and the structure and function of aquatic
ecosystems. Developing a greater understanding of the physical and chemical controls on the timing, magnitude
and duration of blooms is essential for the effective management of phytoplankton development. Five years of
weekly water quality monitoring data along the River Thames, southern England were combined with hourly
chlorophyll concentration (a proxy for phytoplankton biomass), flow, temperature and daily sunlight data
from the mid-Thames. Weekly chlorophyll data was of insufficient temporal resolution to identify the causes
of short term variations in phytoplankton biomass. However, hourly chlorophyll data enabled identification of
thresholds in water temperature (between 9 and 19 °C) and flow (<30 m3 s−1) that explained the development
of phytoplankton populations. Analysis showed that periods of high phytoplankton biomass and growth rate
only occurred when these flow and temperature conditions were within these thresholds, and coincided with periods
of long sunshine duration, indicating multiple stressor controls. Nutrient concentrations appeared to have
no impact on the timing or magnitude of phytoplankton bloom development, but severe depletion of dissolved
phosphorus and silicon during periods of high phytoplankton biomass may have contributed to some bloom collapses
through nutrient limitation. This study indicates that for nutrient enriched rivers such as the Thames,manipulating residence time (through removing impoundments) and light/temperature (by increasing riparian
tree shading) may offer more realistic solutions than reducing phosphorus concentrations for controlling excessive
phytoplankton biomass
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