The verbalization of the undemocratic

This paper aims to analyse two Brazilian historical moments from the political prisoner’s point of view, until the psychanalytical analysis of the trauma implied by the violence, as can be seen in these two texts. Through autobiographical narratives, Eneida and Mario Lago discuss about their years in prison in two different antidemocratic moments in the Brazilian history: Vargas and Military ages. While Eneida compiles her memories in chronicles presented in the book Aruanda, Mário Lago narrates in the book Reminiscências do sol quadrado his political prison. Both texts portray and mirror about the conditions of culture and society in dictatorial moments, being the comparative analyses between these two texts and between the socio-political context this work’s main goal.Este trabalho almeja analisar dois períodos da história brasileira partindo do ponto de vista de presos políticos, até análise psicanalítica do trauma deixado pela violência, como pode ser visualizado nos escritos em questão. Através de suas narrativas autobiográficas, Eneida e Mário Lago discorrem sobre seus anos no cárcere em dois diferentes momentos antidemocráticos da história brasileira: as eras Vargas e Militar. Enquanto Eneida compila suas memórias no cárcere em crônicas no livro Aruanda, Mário Lago narra no livro Reminiscências do sol quadrado a sua prisão política. Ambos textos retratam e refletem sobre as condições da cultura e da sociedade em períodos ditatoriais, sendo a análise comparativa entre os dois e entre o contexto político-social o principal objetivo deste trabalho

Ant species that remove diaspores alone are more efficient removers

Secondary diaspore removal on the ground is an important ecosystem process. In this process, solitary foraging ants with larger body sizes are more efficient because they may remove more diaspores, faster and carry them at greater distances. Therefore, we sought to test the effects of the sizes of the morphological traits of ants, removal strategy, and nest distance on secondary diaspore removal, testing hypotheses related to the efficiency of this process. We evaluated the removal of artificial diaspores by ants in 15 areas of Cerrado sensu stricto (tropical savanna), collecting data on diaspore removal strategy (solitary or group), nest distance, diaspore discovery time, diaspore removal time, and the number of diaspores removed. Larger ants tended to remove diaspores alone and remove diaspores faster than smaller ones. Ants that removed diaspores alone removed more diaspores than ants that removed diaspores in groups. However, we did not find a linear relationship between ant size and diaspore removal. This is likely due to a limitation on, or a preference by larger ants for removing larger diaspores, while the smaller diaspores may have hindered manipulation or been less attractive to larger ants. Thus, the removal strategy was the best predictor of efficient diaspore removal performance, where the solitary foraging ants discover and remove diaspores quickly and remove more diaspores, mainly from the closest nests to the sampling point. However, the benefits (or not) of removing more diaspores still need to be evaluated

UM OLHAR SOBRE AS PRÁTICAS PEDAGÓGICAS DE UM GRUPO DE PROFESSORAS DOS ANOS INICIAIS

O objetivo principal deste estudo é identificar as abordagens pedagógicas empregadas no processo de alfabetização de crianças nos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, por parte de professoras que trabalham em escolas públicas do Rio Grande do Sul. Do ponto de vista metodológico, esta pesquisa se enquadra no delineamento qualitativo, especificamente como um estudo de caso. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de um questionário disponibilizado no Google Forms, com a participação de dez professoras que atuam nos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental em escolas públicas do Rio Grande do Sul. Os resultados destacam a vasta experiência das docentes, com ênfase no método fônico, amplamente utilizado em suas práticas pedagógicas, que enfatiza a relação entre fonemas e grafemas. As professoras respondentes perceberam a Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) como um documento que coloca o aluno como protagonista de seu processo de ensino e aprendizagem. No entanto, também identificaram aspectos negativos, como a falta de valorização das especificidades regionais e o ensino das relações étnico-raciais. Conclui-se, portanto, que esta pesquisa proporcionou uma contribuição significativa para o entendimento deste tema, indicando a necessidade de uma investigação mais aprofundada, dado o seu impacto no ensino nos primeiros anos do ensino fundamental

Os Biomas Brasileiros à luz da Base Nacional Comum Curricular

The theme “Brazilian biomes” was analyzed in the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC) in this research in order to verify the presence of the word Ecosystem in the current guiding educational document in force, highlighting the fragments of the texts, in order to problematize issues of the importance of the work of environmental preservation in basic education. It was observed that the subjects with greater affinity in the curricular component of Science, mainly for the second cycle of Elementary Education (EF). In High School (EM) the theme is not addressed, although the BNCC brings the need to train students with a keener scientific view of regional ecosystems. The theme is isolated for Science Teaching and without projection for EM. It is considered necessary for schools to discuss and increase their curricula with this topic, bringing the importance of local ecosystems. In this context, the support of universities becomes indispensable, whether in the production of didactic-scientific material, in the initial and continued training of teachers in order to contribute with educational strategies for the expansion of the theme and, mainly, for citizens to have knowledge and feel themselves belong to the environment in which they live.A temática “biomas brasileiros” foi analisada na Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) nesta pesquisa a fim de verificar a presença da palavra Ecossistema no atual documento educacional orientador em vigência, destacando os fragmentos dos textos, a fim de problematizar questões da importância do trabalho de preservação ambiental na educação básica. Observou-se que os assuntos com maior afinidade no componente curricular de Ciências, principalmente para o segundo ciclo do Ensino Fundamental (EF). No Ensino Médio (EM), a temática não é abordada, embora a BNCC traga a necessidade da formação de estudantes com uma visão científica mais aguçada sobre os ecossistemas regionais. A temática está isolada para o Ensino de Ciências e sem projeção para o EM. Considera-se, necessário que as escolas discutam e incrementem seus currículos com esse tópico, trazendo a importância dos ecossistemas locais. Nesse contexto, o apoio das universidades torna-se indispensável, seja na produção de material didático-cientifico, na formação inicial e continuada de professores a fim de contribuir com estratégias educacionais para a expansão do tema e, principalmente, para que os cidadãos tenham conhecimento e sintam-se pertencidos ao meio ambiente em que vivem

Carboplatin effect on canine benign mixed tumour-derived cells cultured under three-dimension system: apoptosis, cell viability and mitochondrial dysfunction

Canine mammary carcinomas represent an important pathology in small animal clinic, and benign mixed type carcinomas (MC-BMT) are one of the most diagnosed worldwide. The use of chemotherapeutic carboplatin has been one of the new protocols for the treatment of BMT. In this respect, three-dimensional cell culture (3D) represents an alternative in the evaluation of drugs by simulating what occurs in vivo. The present study aimed to verify the effect of carboplatin on 3D culture of cells derived from TMB, in addition to possible changes in cell viability, ballpoint size, apoptosis and Bcl-2/Bax ratio. For this, tumours samples were collected during mastectomy surgery procedure in private veterinary clinics, which were submitted to in vitro culture and part to histopathological analysis. After 28 days of 3D culture, spheroids were documented in both groups (treated and control) and sizes and morphology were compared. The carboplatin interfered in the cell viability by affecting their division and promoting apoptotic events. In the treated group, a higher transcription of Bax and caspase 3 was observed, in addition to low levels of caspases 2, 8 and 9, which was not observed in the control group. We thus suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction plays a critical role in cancer progression and that targeting mitochondrial alterations and mitochondrial retrograde signalling might be a promising strategy for the development of selective anticancer therapy. Thus, it was possible to demonstrate that the results achieved may contribute to the establishment of a new chemotherapy therapy in female dogs with MC-BMT

CHILDREN'S NUTRITION IN SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT – AN INTERDISCIPLINARY VIEW

Este estudo tem como objetivo a realização de um levantamento das características da alimentação escolar e como isso influencia no desenvolvimento biopsicossocial das crianças. Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica baseada na leitura de artigos científicos selecionados através dos bancos de dados Google Acadêmico e BVSalud, além de utilizar a Política Nacional de Alimentação e Nutrição (PNAN), Política Nacional de Promoção à Saúde e o Guia Alimentar para a População Brasileira. Os estudos encontrados relacionados ao assunto mostram a importância de uma boa influência na alimentação no período da infância, pois é nessa fase onde há transformações biopsicossociais e onde a criança adquire grande parte dos seus hábitos alimentares, o ambiente escolar é de extrema importância, visto que é onde a criança passa grande parte do seu tempo. A participação do professor e dos outros profissionais que estão presentes no ambiente escolar podem auxiliar a criança a construírem bons hábitos nutricionais.This study aims to perform a survey of the characteristics of school feeding and how this influences the biopsychosocial development of children. This is a bibliographic review based on the reading of scientific articles selected through the Google Academic and BVSalud databases, in addition to using the National Policy on Food and Nutrition (PNAN), National Health Promotion Policy and the Food Guide for Brazilian population. The studies found related to the subject show the importance of a good influence in the feeding in the period of the childhood, since it is in that phase where there are biopsicossocial transformations and where the child acquires great part of its feeding habits, the school environment is of extreme importance, since is where the child spends much of his time. The participation of the teacher and other professionals who are present in the school environment can help the child with his good nutrition habits

Role of dental clinical and imaging exam during McCune Albright Syndrome diagnosis process: Case Report/ Importância do exame clínico e imaginológico odontológico durante o processo diagnóstico da Síndrome de McCune Albright: Relato de Caso

McCune Albright Syndrome (MAS) is a rare disease characterized by the classic triad of early puberty that begins in the embryonic period and mainly affects women. The present study aims to report the case of a 27-year-old patient, melanodermic, referred to the oral and maxillofacial surgery service of the Walter Cantídio University Hospital, complaining of pain in the right mandibular body region. During the anamnesis, the patient reported having had her menarche at the age of 6. Clinically, it was observed body asymmetry, prominence of the right zygomatic, frontal and parietal bones, and expansion of the right hemimandible. Panoramic radiography showed images with ground-glass appearance in the region of the direct hemi-mandible with mixed radiopacity and root resorption, suggestive of MAS. The patient was referred to the gynecologist and endocrinologist, and it was observed that the patient had the presence of cyst in the right ovary. Incisional biopsy was performed on the right maxilla, which showed histopathological characteristics compatible with fibrous dysplasia, with final diagnosis of MAS.  In summary, the present study reinforces the importance of a meticulous and interdisciplinary clinical examination allied to the patient's complaint in order to establish an adequate treatment pla

Chemical composition and antioxidant potential of essential oils from different Ocimum species (Basil) / Composição química e atividade antioxidante de óleos essenciais de diferentes espécies de Ocimum (Manjericão)

Plants of the genus Ocimum are widely used in cooking, cosmetics and folk medicine, mainly antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant properties. This article examines the chemical composition and antioxidant capacity of essential oils of Ocimum varieties. The chemical composition was analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). For the evaluation of the antioxidant capacities, three different methods were used: the 2,20-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging method (DPPH), ABTS (2,2?-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) antiradical method and ?-carotene/peroxyl radicals (LOO•) systems. There was a great variability in the composition and some species had a high eugenol content: O. tenuiflorum>O. campechianum>O. basilicum var. ball>O. gratissimum >O. basilicum var. greek. Methyl chavicol, neral and geranial were components found in other Ocimum species. Better antioxidant efficiency was found in species with a higher eugenol content as Ocimum tenuiflorum by DPPH IC50 2.31±0.02 µg.mL-1, ABTS IC50 2.22±0.23 µg.mL-1 and ?-carotene/linolenic acid system IC50 16.11±3.59 µg.mL-1, equally statistically significant when compared to pure eugenol. Basil essential oils had higher eugenol content in five species with strong antioxidant potential, adding a differential value to the Food Industry in the production of new functional foods or biofilms for foods with functionalities of preservation or control of chronic diseases

SARS-CoV-2 uses CD4 to infect T helper lymphocytes

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the agent of a major global outbreak of respiratory tract disease known as Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). SARS-CoV-2 infects mainly lungs and may cause several immune-related complications, such as lymphocytopenia and cytokine storm, which are associated with the severity of the disease and predict mortality. The mechanism by which SARS-CoV-2 infection may result in immune system dysfunction is still not fully understood. Here, we show that SARS-CoV-2 infects human CD4+ T helper cells, but not CD8+ T cells, and is present in blood and bronchoalveolar lavage T helper cells of severe COVID-19 patients. We demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein (S) directly binds to the CD4 molecule, which in turn mediates the entry of SARS-CoV-2 in T helper cells. This leads to impaired CD4 T cell function and may cause cell death. SARS-CoV-2-infected T helper cells express higher levels of IL-10, which is associated with viral persistence and disease severity. Thus, CD4-mediated SARS-CoV-2 infection of T helper cells may contribute to a poor immune response in COVID-19 patients.</p

SARS-CoV-2 uses CD4 to infect T helper lymphocytes

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the agent of a major global outbreak of respiratory tract disease known as Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). SARS-CoV-2 infects mainly lungs and may cause several immune-related complications, such as lymphocytopenia and cytokine storm, which are associated with the severity of the disease and predict mortality. The mechanism by which SARS-CoV-2 infection may result in immune system dysfunction is still not fully understood. Here, we show that SARS-CoV-2 infects human CD4+ T helper cells, but not CD8+ T cells, and is present in blood and bronchoalveolar lavage T helper cells of severe COVID-19 patients. We demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein (S) directly binds to the CD4 molecule, which in turn mediates the entry of SARS-CoV-2 in T helper cells. This leads to impaired CD4 T cell function and may cause cell death. SARS-CoV-2-infected T helper cells express higher levels of IL-10, which is associated with viral persistence and disease severity. Thus, CD4-mediated SARS-CoV-2 infection of T helper cells may contribute to a poor immune response in COVID-19 patients.</p