Produção cerâmica no início do Neolítico em Portugal : dados recentes sobre os VI e V milénios a.C.

Uma caracterização das primeiras cerâmicas neolíticas de Portugal (VI milénio a.C.) foi há poucos anos publicada nas páginas desta mesma revista. No entanto, a investigação mais recente tem vindo a dar atenção a três aspetos, que são discutidos aqui: 1) a relação entre cerâmica cardial e boquique, em que a primeira se pode considerar mais antiga se se atender a uma avaliação crítica da evidência cronoestratigráfica disponível; 2) os novos achados da chamada ?cerâmica simbólica?, que incluem abundante evidência de representações antropomórficas e zoomórficas a par de exemplos, mais escassos, de plantas e representações solares; e 3) as análises petrográficas e químicas de cerâmica e argilas, que apontam para a conclusão segundo a qual peças cardiais e com cordões eram transportadas a longa distância por via marítima. Alguns sítios atualmente em estudo poderão proporcionar novos conhecimentos sobreestes temas num futuro próximo

Learning through role-playing games: an approach for active learning and teaching

This study evaluates the use of role-playing games (RPGs) as a methodological approach for teaching cellular biology, assessing student satisfaction, learning outcomes, and retention of acquired knowledge. First-year undergraduate medical students at two Brazilian public universities attended either an RPG-based class (RPG group) or a lecture (lecture-based group) on topics related to cellular biology. Pre- and post-RPG-based class questionnaires were compared to scores in regular exams and in an unannounced test one year later to assess students' attitudes and learning. From the 230 students that attended the RPG classes, 78.4% responded that the RPG-based classes were an effective tool for learning; 55.4% thought that such classes were better than lectures but did not replace them; and 81% responded that they would use this method. The lecture-based group achieved a higher grade in 1 of 14 regular exam questions. In the medium-term evaluation (one year later), the RPG group scored higher in 2 of 12 questions. RPG classes are thus quantitatively as effective as formal lectures, are well accepted by students, and may serve as educational tools, giving students the chance to learn actively and potentially retain the acquired knowledge more efficiently.Avaliamos o uso dos role-plying games (RPGs) como uma metodologia de ensino e aprendizagem em Biologia Celular. Alunos do primeiro ano de Medicina participaram de aula expositiva tradicional (grupo referência) ou de aula com RPG (grupo RPG). Comparações foram feitas pela análise de questionários pré- e pós-aula com RPG, das notas nas provas regulares, e das notas obtidas em um teste aplicado um ano após a conclusão da disciplina. Dos 230 alunos que participaram das aulas com RPG, 78,4% responderam que o RPG é uma ferramenta eficaz na aprendizagem; 55,4% acharam que essas aulas são melhores que as aulas tradicionais, mas não as substituem; e 81% responderam que usariam essa metodologia. Os alunos do grupo referência tiveram nota maior em uma de 14 questões das provas regulares; os alunos do grupo RPG tiveram notas maiores em duas de 12 questões aplicadas um ano depois. Portanto, aulas com RPG foram tão eficientes quanto as aulas tradicionais (quantitativamente), são bem aceitas pelos estudantes, e podem ser uma metodologia que lhes dá a chance de aprender ativamente e, potencialmente, levar a uma melhor retenção do conhecimento aprendido.808

Human Segmentation In Funerary Practices. The Middle Neolithic Cemetery Cave Of Bom Santo (Montejunto Mountain Range, Portugal)

UID/ANT/04038/2019 IF/00127/2014Ongoing multidisciplinary studies of skeletonized human remains from the Middle Neolithic Bom Santo Cave (Lisbon, Portugal) is indicating a very heterogeneous population at various levels (diets, mobility and genetics). The current interpretation suggests that its socioeconomic and funerary territories encompassed the lower Tagus, its tributaries and the granitic sectors of the Mora–Pavia area in the Alentejo. Archaeothanatological analyses indicated mutually exclusive funerary practices: secondary depositions at Room A and primary and secondary depositions at Room B. Polished stone tools are evenly distributed in both rooms, while ornaments, pottery, flint blades and sheep/goat phalanges are almost restricted to Room A. Such distribution patterns reflects the coexistence of distinct funerary practices in which Room A is part of a much complex behaviour that included primary depositions, exhumation, transportation and re-deposition of human bone remains between different sectors of the cave and/or cemeteries (caves, dolmens) of the above-described territory. Thus, a more dynamic (in its rituals) and wider (in its geography) set of funerary practices than usually perceived — in which the intentional segmentation of human skeletons is attested — seems to have taken place at the onset of megalithism in central-southern Portugal.publishersversionpublishe

O povoado de Penedo dos Mouros (Arcozelo, Gouveia) no contexto do século X no sector noroeste da Serra da Estrela

UID/HIS/00749/2013 SFRH/BD/115939/2016A primeira ocupação do Penedo dos Mouros, datável do Neolítico, está preservada num pequeno abrigo sob rocha aberto no tor granítico que coroa a plataforma onde o sítio se localiza. A sua reocupação ocorre na Alta Idade Média, quando se construiu um povoado cercado. No tor central foram escavadas escadarias e entalhes que suportariam uma estrutura em madeira e que teria pelo menos dois pisos. Para além de sementes e madeiras carbonizadas e cerâmicas e foi possível também recuperar restos faunísticos. O presente artigo é assim uma abordagem sintética aos resultados obtidos nas cinco campanhas de escavações realizadas no sítio. The first occupation of Penedo dos Mouros, datable to the Neolithic, is preserved in a small rock-shelter under the granitic tor that is the summit of the platform where the site is located.Its re-occupation takes place in the Early Middle Ages, when a walled settlement was built. In the central tor steps and notches were carved to support a wooden structure with, at least, two stores. Besides burnt seeds and wood and pottery it was also possible to recover faunal remains. This article is a brief approach to the results that were obtained during the five excavation seasons that took place at the site.publishersversionpublishe

objetivos e primeiros resultados

UID/HIS/00749/2013O presente projeto (2016-2019) visa o estudo do património histórico-arqueológico vouzelense. Encontra-se estruturado em quatro eixos de investigação – levantamento toponímico e documental, prospeção arqueológica, estudo de materiais conservados em museus, e escavação de sítios selecionados – que produzirão os conhecimentos científicos necessários para a valorização futura daquele património. O território é tratado diacronicamente, desde a Pré-História (o megalitismo em particular) à Idade Média, incluindo os vestígios de mineração até épocas mais recentes. Como resultado final, obter-se-ão não apenas as bases programáticas daquele projeto de valorização, mas também um inventário detalhado do património, permitindo a atualização e aprofundamento da carta arqueológica já existente, com dados inéditos e outros que se encontram por ora dispersos. This project (2016-2019) focuses on the historic and archaeological heritage of the Vouzela municipality. It is structured according to four research lines – toponymical and documental inventory, archaeological survey, study of materials stored in museums, and excavation of selected sites – that will produce the scientific knowledge necessary for subsequent valorisation of this heritage. The territory is approach diachronically, from the Prehistory (megalithism in particular) to the Middle Ages, including the mining testimonies dated to more recent times. The outcome will be twofold: on the one hand, a basis for the valorisation program, and on the other a detailed inventory of the heritage. The latter outcome will allow the updating of the available archaeological mapping with presently scattered, unpublished data.publishersversionpublishe

primeiros dados para o seu conhecimento em época medieval

UID/HIS/00749/2013 SFRH/BD/115939/2016O sítio de São Pedro de Matos, que foi primeiramente dado a conhecer por José Coelho, é constituído por diversos vestígios arqueológicos: um recinto fortificado medieval, um abrigo natural sob rocha, as ruínas de uma aldeia hoje abandonada, um lagar rupestre e fragmentos de vários sarcófagos que estariam associados à igreja dedicada a S. Pedro. Esta igreja e a respetiva necrópole localizavam-se entre o recinto fortificado e as ruínas da aldeia, mas foram totalmente destruídas nos finais do século XX. Em 2013 realizaram-se sondagens arqueológicas no recinto fortificado e na área junto ao abrigo, e efetuou-se o levantamento topográfico do complexo. Os resultados são reduzidos e apontam para um uso esporádico do recinto, muito provavelmente nos séculos X e/ou XI, já que as escassas cerâmicas ali recolhidas apontam para esta cronologia. The site of São Pedro de Matos, firstly published by José Coelho, is constituted by diverse archaeological remains: a Medieval fortified enclosure, a natural rock-shelter, the ruins of an abandoned village, a rupestrial mill and several fragments of sarcophagi originally associated to the church, which was dedicated to Saint Peter (“São Pedro”, hence the place name). This church and its cemetery were located between the fortified enclosure and the village ruins but were completely destroyed by the end of the 20th century. In 2013 archaeological tests were made in the fortified enclosure and in the area next to the shelter. A topographic survey of the entire complex was also carried out. Results are scant and point to an occasional use of the enclosure only, likely in the 10th and/or 11th centuries, a chronology suggested by the typology of the potsherds that were found.publishersversionpublishe

Competência vetorial de Culex quinquefasciatus Say, 1823 exposto a diferentes densidades de microfilárias de Dirofilaria immitis (Leidy, 1856)

The metropolitan region of Recife, Brazil is endemic for Dirofilaria immitis and has an environment favorable to the development of Culex quinquefasciatus. The goal of this study was to evaluate the vector competence of the Cx. quinquefasciatus RECIFE population for D. immitis transmission. A total of 2,104 females of Cx. quinquefasciatus RECIFE population were exposed to different densities of D. immitis microfilariae blood meals, ranging from 1,820 to 2,900 mf/ml of blood, in a natural membrane apparatus. The results showed a variation between 92.3% and 98.8% of females fed. The exposure of the Cx. quinquefasciatus RECIFE population to different densities of microfilariae did not influence the mortality of the mosquitoes. Infective larvae from D. immitis were observed in the Malpighian tubules beginning on the 12th day, whereas larvae were observed in the head and proboscis beginning on the 13th day following infection. The vector efficiency index (VEI) presented by the mosquitoes ranged from 7.8 to 56.5. The data demonstrates that the Cx. quinquefasciatus RECIFE population has great potential for the transmission of D. immitis, as it allowed the development of the filarid until the infectious stage at the different densities of microfilariae to which it was exposed.A Região Metropolitana do Recife é endêmica para Dirofilaria immitis e possui ambiente favorável para o desenvolvimento de Culex quinquefasciatus. Neste estudo avaliou-se a competência vetorial de Cx. quinquefasciatus população RECIFE para a transmissão de D. immitis. Para tanto, 2.104 fêmeas de Cx. quinquefasciatus população RECIFE foram expostas a diferentes densidades de microfilárias de D. immitis, variando de 1.820 a 2.900 mf/ml de sangue por meio de membrana natural. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram variação de 92,3% a 98,8% de fêmeas ingurgitadas após a alimentação. A exposição de Cx. quinquefasciatus população RECIFE a diferentes densidades de microfilárias não influenciou na mortalidade dos mosquitos. Larvas infectantes de D. immitis foram observadas nos túbulos de Malpighi a partir do 12º dia, enquanto na cabeça e na probóscide foram observadas a partir do 13º dia após a infecção. Os índices de eficiência vetorial (IEV) apresentados pelo culicídeo variaram de 7,8 a 56,5. Os dados obtidos demonstraram que Cx. quinquefasciatus população RECIFE tem grande potencial para a transmissão de D. immitis, pois permitiu o desenvolvimento do filarídeo até o estágio infectante nas diferentes densidades de microfilárias às quais foi exposto.65866

Microsatellites’ mutation modeling through the analysis of the Y-chromosomal transmission: Results of a GHEP-ISFG collaborative study

The Spanish and Portuguese Speaking Working Group of the International Society for Forensic Genetics (GHEP-ISFG) organized a collaborative study on mutations of Y-chromosomal short tandem repeats (Y-STRs). New data from 2225 father-son duos and data from 44 previously published reports, corresponding to 25,729 duos, were collected and analyzed. Marker-specific mutation rates were estimated for 33 Y-STRs. Although highly dependent on the analyzed marker, mutations compatible with the gain or loss of a single repeat were 23.2 times more likely than those involving a greater number of repeats. Longer alleles (relatively to the modal one) showed to be nearly twice more mutable than the shorter ones. Within the subset of longer alleles, the loss of repeats showed to be nearly twice more likely than the gain. Conversely, shorter alleles showed a symmetrical trend, with repeat gains being twofold more frequent than reductions. A positive correlation between the paternal age and the mutation rate was observed, strengthening previous findings. The results of a machine learning approach, via logistic regression analyses, allowed the establishment of algebraic formulas for estimating the probability of mutation depending on paternal age and allele length for DYS389I, DYS393 and DYS627. Algebraic formulas could also be established considering only the allele length as predictor for DYS19, DYS389I, DYS389II-I, DYS390, DYS391, DYS393, DYS437, DYS439, DYS449, DYS456, DYS458, DYS460, DYS481, DYS518, DYS533, DYS576, DYS626 and DYS627 loci. For the remaining Y-STRs, a lack of statistical significance was observed, probably as a consequence of the small effective size of the subsets available, a common difficulty in the modeling of rare events as is the case of mutations. The amount of data used in the different analyses varied widely, depending on how the data were reported in the publications analyzed. This shows a regrettable waste of produced data, due to inadequate communication of the results, supporting an urgent need of publication guidelines for mutation studies.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A GEP-ISFG collaborative study on the optimization of an X-STR decaplex: data on 15 Iberian and Latin American populations

Abstract In a collaborative work carried out by the Spanish and Portuguese ISFG Working Group (GEPISFG), a polymerase chain reaction multiplex was optimized in order to type ten X-chromosome short tandem repeats (STRs) in a single reaction, including: DXS8378, DXS9902, DXS7132, DXS9898, DXS6809, DXS6789 DXS7133, GATA172D05, GATA31E08, and DXS7423. Using this X-decaplex, each 17 of the participating laboratories typed a population sample of approximately 200 unrelated individuals (100 males and 100 females). In this work, we report the allele frequencies for the ten XSTRs in 15 samples from Argentina (Buenos Aires, Córdoba, Río Negro, Entre Ríos, and Misiones), Brazil (São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Paraná, and Mato Grosso do Sul), Colombia (Antioquia), Costa Rica, Portugal (Northern and Central regions), and Spain (Galicia and Cantabria). Gene diversities were calculated for the ten markers in each population and all values were above 56%. The average diversity per locus varied between 66%, for DXS7133, and 82%, for DXS6809. For this set of STRs, a high discrimination power was obtained in all populations, both in males (≥1 in 5×105) and females (≥1 in 3×109), as well as high mean exclusion chance in father/daughter duos (≥99.953%) and in father/mother/daughter trios (≥99.999%). Genetic distance analysis showed no significant differences between northern and central Portugal or between the two Spanish samples from Galicia and Cantabria. Inside Brazil, significant differences were found between Rio de Janeiro and the other three populations, as well as between São Paulo and Paraná. For the five Argentinean samples, significant distances were only observed when comparing Misiones with Entre Ríos and with Río Negro, the only two samples that do not differ significantly from Costa Rica. Antioquia differed from all other samples, except the one from Río Negro.Fil: Gusmão, Leonor. Universidad de Porto; PortugalFil: Sánchez Diz, Paula. Universidad de Santiago de Compostela; EspañaFil: Alves, Cíntia. Universidad de Porto; PortugalFil: Gomes, Iva. Universidad de Porto; PortugalFil: Zarrabeitia, María Teresa. Universidad de Cantabria; EspañaFil: Abovich, Mariel. Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Productiva. Banco Nacional de Datos Genéticos; ArgentinaFil: Atmetlla, Ivannia. Laboratorio de Análisis Clínicos y Moleculares; Costa RicaFil: Bobillo, Maria Cecilia. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Servicio de Huellas Digitales Genéticas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay; ArgentinaFil: Bravo, Luisa. Laboratorio Genes; ColombiaFil: Builes, Juan. Laboratorio Genes; ColombiaFil: Cainé, Laura. Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal; PortugalFil: Calvo, Raquel. Universidad de Santiago de Compostela; EspañaFil: Carvalho, Elizeu. Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: Carvalho, Mónica. Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal; PortugalFil: Cicarelli, Regina. Universidade Estadual Paulista; BrasilFil: Catelli, Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Corach, Daniel. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Servicio de Huellas Digitales Genéticas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay; ArgentinaFil: Espinoza, Marta. Unidad de Genética Forense; Costa RicaFil: García Monasterio, Óscar. Area de Laboratorio Ertzaintza; EspañaFil: Malaghini, Marcelo. Laboratorio Frischmann Aisengart ; BrasilFil: Martins, Joyce. Universidade Estadual Paulista; BrasilFil: Pinheiro, Fátima. Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal; PortugalFil: Porto, Maria João. Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal; PortugalFil: Raimondi, Eduardo Humberto. Fundación Favaloro; ArgentinaFil: Riancho, Jose Antonio. Universidad de Cantabria; EspañaFil: Rodríguez, Amelia. Universidad de Santiago de Compostela; EspañaFil: Rodríguez, Anayanci. Universidad de Santiago de Compostela; EspañaFil: Rodríguez Cardozo, Belén. Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Productiva. Banco Nacional de Datos Genéticos; ArgentinaFil: Schneider, Vicente. Laboratorio Frischmann Aisengart; BrasilFil: Silva, Sandra. Laboratorio de Análisis Clínicos y Moleculares; Costa RicaFil: Tavares, Celso. Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: Toscanini, Ulises Faustino. Fundación Favaloro; ArgentinaFil: Vullo, Carlos. No especifíca;Fil: Whittle, Martin. Genomic Engenharia Molecular; BrasilFil: Yurrebaso, Iñaki. Laboratorio Ertzaintza; EspañaFil: Carracedo, Ángel. Universidad de Santiago de Compostela; EspañaFil: Amorim, António. Universidad de Porto; Portuga