Population analysis and evolution of Saccharomyces cerevisiae mitogenomes

The study of mitogenomes allows the unraveling of some paths of yeast evolution that are often not exposed when analyzing the nuclear genome. Although both nuclear and mitochondrial genomes are known to determine phenotypic diversity and fitness, no concordance has yet established between the two, mainly regarding strains’ technological uses and/or geographical distribution. In the current work, we proposed a new method to align and analyze yeast mitogenomes, overcoming current difficulties that make it impossible to obtain comparable mitogenomes for a large number of isolates. To this end, 12,016 mitogenomes were considered, and we developed a novel approach consisting of the design of a reference sequence intended to be comparable between all mitogenomes. Subsequently, the population structure of 6646 Saccharomyces cerevisiae mitogenomes was assessed. Results revealed the existence of particular clusters associated with the technological use of the strains, in particular regarding clinical isolates, laboratory strains, and yeasts used for wine-associated activities. As far as we know, this is the first time that a positive concordance between nuclear and mitogenomes has been reported for S. cerevisiae, in terms of strains’ technological applications. The results obtained highlighted the importance of including the mtDNA genome in evolutionary analysis, in order to clarify the origin and history of yeast species.This work was supported by the strategic programme UID/BIA/04050/2013 (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007569) funded by national funds through the FCT I.P., by the ERDF through the COMPETE2020

Factors associated with non-adherence to outpatient follow-up of neonatal intensive care discharge

Objective: To analyze the factors associated with non-adherence to the outpatient follow-up of infants discharged from the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Method: A crosssectional study that included 596 children who were discharged between October 1, 2014 and September 30, 2015 and who were referred to outpatient follow-up. The data were collected by evaluating the discharge report and attendance to the consultations. Results: Of the 596 children referred for follow-up, 118 (19.80%) did not attend any outpatient care in the 12 months after discharge. Children with gestational age at birth ≥37 weeks (odds ratio 1.97, p=0.013), who were not resuscitated at birth (odds ratio 1.79, p=0.032) and those without continuous use of medications at home (odds ratio 1.69, p=0.046) were more likely to not adhere to outpatient follow-up. Conclusion: The expressive number of non-adherence to follow-up indicates the need for actions to ensure care continuity to newborns at risk after hospital discharge. Although the differences pointed out cannot be defined as predictors of non-follow-up, evidence of these variables allows us to recognize risks and seek to reduce factors that influence abandoning follow-up care

Improvement of Torulaspora delbrueckii genome annotation: towards the exploitation of genomic features of a biotechnologically relevant yeast

Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the most commonly used yeast in wine, beer, and bread fermentations. However, Torulaspora delbrueckii has attracted interest in recent years due to its properties, ranging from its ability to produce flavor- and aroma-enhanced wine to its ability to survive longer in frozen dough. In this work, publicly available genomes of T. delbrueckii were explored and their annotation was improved. A total of 32 proteins were additionally annotated for the first time in the type strain CBS1146, in comparison with the previous annotation available. In addition, the annotation of the remaining three T. delbrueckii strains was performed for the first time. eggNOG-mapper was used to perform the functional annotation of the deduced T. delbrueckii coding genes, offering insights into its biological significance, and revealing 24 clusters of orthologous groups (COGs), which were gathered in three main functional categories: information storage and processing (28% of the proteins), cellular processing and signaling (27%), and metabolism (23%). Small intraspecies variability was found when considering the functional annotation of the four available T. delbrueckii genomes. A comparative study was also conducted between the T. delbrueckii genome and those from 386 fungal species, revealing a high number of homologous genes with species from the Zygotorulaspora and Zygosaccharomyces genera, but also with Lachancea and S. cerevisiae. Lastly, the phylogenetic placement of T. delbrueckii was clarified using the core homologs that were found across 204 common protein sequences of 386 fungal species and strains.This work was supported by the UID/BIA/04050/2013 (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007569) and UID/BIA/04050/2019 strategic programs and by the project PTDC/BIA-MIC/32059/2017 (TODOMICS: Omics approaches towards the industrial exploitation of Torulaspora delbrueckii: Elucidation of the molecular basis underlying complex cellular traits), which is funded by national funds through the FCT-Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia and by the ERDF- European Regional Development Fund through the COMPETE2020–Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) and Sistema de Apoio à Investigação Científica e Tecnológica (SAICT)

Mucosal varicosities : case report treated with monoethanolamine oleate

We reported a case of varicosities in the buccal mucosa treated with sclerotherapy. The sclerosant agent used was the monoethanolamine oleate. After three sessions the lesions disappeared and the patient is follow-up

Spiritual needs of Brazilian children and adolescents with chronic illnesses: a thematic analysis

Purpose: To identify the spiritual needs of children and adolescents with chronic illnesses and how these needs are met by health professionals during hospitalization. Design and methods: A qualitative descriptive study was developed with 35 children and adolescents, between 7 and 18 years old, diagnosed with cancer, cystic fibrosis, and type 1 diabetes. Interviews with photo-elicitation were conducted during the hospitalization at a Brazilian public pediatric hospital. Findings were treated using thematic analysis, and the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) was followed for quality reporting. This research was approved by a research committee. Results: Two themes emerged. The first, entitled ‘Spiritual needs’, encompasses five types of needs: (1) need to integrate meaning and purpose in life; (2) need to sustain hope; (3) need for expression of faith and to follow religious practices; (4) need for comfort at the end of life; and (5) need to connect with family and friends. The second theme was the ‘Definition of spiritual care’. Conclusions: Children and adolescents with chronic illnesses have spiritual needs while in hospital. Meeting these needs is essential for finding meaning, purpose and hope in the experience of living with chronic illnesses and at the end of life, based on their faith, beliefs and interpersonal relationships. But, these needs have not been fully addressed during hospitalization. Practice implications: These results emphasize the need to implement spiritual care when caring for hospitalized pediatric patients, which includes addressing spiritual needs.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Vivência discente e docente na continuidade do cuidado à criança de risco: relato de experiência

Objetivo: relatar a experincia discente e docente frente s atividades desenvolvidas em um programa de extenso universitria de acompanhamento a crianas de risco em uma cidade do interior do Estado de Minas Gerais e divulgar os resultados dessa vivncia. Mtodos: trata-se de um relato de experincia de abordagem crtico-reflexivo de cunho descritivo-compreensivo. Resultados: As atividades desenvolvidas pelo programa criaram boas expectativas nas famlias e profissionais que desejam sua continuidade. H um reconhecimento discente das contribuies das atividades de extenso na formao acadmica com contribuies sobre prticas de enfermagem e educao em sade no atendimento crianas de risco e sua famlia. Concluso: o desenvolvimento das atividades tem propiciado ao discente uma aproximao com os contedos especficos da criana de risco, bem como a aplicao destes na prtica. Ressalta-se ainda a oportunidade de contribuio dos docentes na formao discente e no aperfeioamento dos profissionais dos servios

Identification and Distribution of Human-Biting Ticks in Northwestern Spain

Ticks transmit a wide diversity of pathogens to a great variety of hosts, including humans. We conducted a tick surveillance study in northwestern Spain between 2014 and 2019. Ticks were removed from people and identified. Tick numbers, species, development stages, the timeline, seasonal and geographical distribution and epidemiological characteristics of people bitten by ticks were studied. We collected ticks from 8143 people. Nymphs of I. ricinus were the most frequently collected. Rhipicephalus bursa, R. sanguineus s.l., Hy. marginatum, Hy. lusitanicum, D. marginatus, D. reticulatus and H. punctata were also found, with adults as the main stage. The number of collected Hyalomma spp. and R. bursa has been progressively increasing over time. Although bites occurred throughout the year, the highest number of incidents was reported from April to July. The distribution patterns of the tick species were different between the north and the south of the region, which was related to cases detected in humans of the pathogens they carried. Adult men were more likely to be bitten by ticks than women. Ticks were most frequently removed from adults from the lower limbs, while for children, they were mainly attached to the head. Epidemiological surveillance is essential given the increase in tick populations in recent years, mainly of species potentially carrying pathogens causing emerging diseases in Spain, such as Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCFH).This research was funded by Junta de Castilla y León. Consejería de Sanidad.S

Análise espacial da prática de atividade física no lazer em área urbana

Objective: analyze the spatial distribution of the prevalence of leisure-time physical activity (LPA) in a Brazilian urban area and its association with the characteristics of the physical and social environment. Method: a cross-sectional study with data from the Risk Factors Surveillance system for chronic non-communicable diseases from the years 2008-2010, in Belo Horizonte, MG. The outcome was the performance of LPA and the independent variables were residential and population density, the density of places for physical activity, homicide rates, average family income, health vulnerability index. The spatial scanning technique was employed to identify clusters with a high prevalence of LPA at leisure. The Mann-Whitney test was used to compare variables inside and outside the cluster. Results: the sample included 5,779 participants, 33.26% (EP = 0.73) of whom reported practicing sufficient PA during leisure time. We identified a significant cluster of a high prevalence of LPA. After adjustments, the cluster presented a radius of 3,041.99 meters and 603 individuals, 293 (48.6%) of who practiced sufficient LPA. The probability of practicing sufficient LPA in the cluster was 32% higher (PR= 1.32; p= 0.0016) than in the AAUBS that do not belong to the cluster. There was a higher density of places for LPA practice, higher population and residential density and higher family income in the cluster. Conclusions: The results evidenced a cluster of a high prevalence of LPA in a privileged physical and socioeconomic environment in Belo Horizonte, even after adjustments, demonstrating that reducing inequalities can increase LPA.Objetivo: analisar a distribuição espacial da prevalência da prática de atividade física suficiente no lazer (AFL) em uma área urbana brasileira, no período de 2008 a 2010, e verificar se esta é influenciada por características do ambiente físico e social. Método: estudo transversal com dados do sistema de Vigilância de Fatores de Risco para doenças crônicas não transmissíveis entre os anos 2008 e 2010, em Belo Horizonte, MG. O desfecho foi a realização de AFL e as exposições foram densidade residencial e populacional, densidade de locais de prática de AFL, taxa de homicídio, renda familiar média e índice de vulnerabilidade à saúde. Foi realizada técnica de varredura espacial para identificar clusters de alta prevalência de AFL. Utilizou-se o teste Mann-Whitney para comparar variáveis ambientais dentro e fora do cluster. Resultados: a amostra foi de 5.779 participantes, dos quais 33,26% referiram praticar AFL suficientemente. Foi identificado um cluster significativo de alta prevalência de prática de AFL. Após ajustes, o cluster apresentou raio de 3.041,99 metros e 603 indivíduos, sendo que 293 destes (48,6%) realizavam AFL suficiente. A probabilidade de um indivíduo praticar AFL suficiente no cluster foi 32% maior (RP=1,32; p=0,0016) do que nas AAUBS não pertencentes ao cluster. Esse cluster teve maior densidade de locais para prática de AFL, maior densidade populacional e residencial e maior renda familiar. Conclusões: foi evidenciado cluster de alta prevalência de AFL em um contexto físico e econômico privilegiado em Belo Horizonte, demonstrando que diminuir desigualdades pode aumentar prática de AF no lazer

Characterization of Chronic Cutaneous Lesions from TNF-Receptor-1-Deficient Mice Infected by Leishmania major

Leishmania major-infected TNF receptor 1 deficient (TNFR1 KO) mice resolve parasitism but fail to resolve lesions, while wild-type mice completely heal. We investigated the cell composition, cytokine production, and apoptosis in lesions from L. major-infected TNFR1 KO and wild-type (WT) mice. Chronic lesions from L. major-infected TNFR1 KO mice presented larger number of CD8+ T and Ly6G+ cells. In addition, higher concentrations of mRNA for IFN-γ CCL2 and CCL5, as well as protein, but lower numbers of apoptotic cells, were found in lesions from TNFR1 KO mice than in WT, at late time points of infection. Our studies showed that persistent lesions in L. major-infected TNFR1 KO mice may be mediated by continuous migration of cells to the site of inflammation due to the presence of chemokines and also by lower levels of apoptosis. We suggest that this model has some striking similarities to the mucocutaneous clinical form of leishmaniasis

Abordagem terapêutica multidisciplinar para o tratamento de dores orofaciais: Uma revisão de literatura / Multidisciplinary therapeutic approach for the treatment of orofacial pain: A literature review

A dor orofacial é, por definição, uma condição dolorosa relacionada a tecidos moles e mineralizados da cavidade oral e da face. É comum no ambiente de atenção primária à saúde, na qual a disfunção temporomandibular (DTM) representa uma de suas principais causas. Sendo de etiologia multifatorial, a DTM pode ser causada por fatores psicológicos, por traumas e parafunções, e por fatores relacionados à patologia articular. Com isso, uma equipe multidisciplinar que, na maioria das vezes, será composta por cirurgiões-dentistas, fisioterapeutas e psicólogos, faz-se necessária para o tratamento da DTM. O objetivo deste trabalho é revisar a literatura acerca dos tratamentos para dores orofaciais em uma abordagem multidisciplinar, enfatizando as terapias com placa oclusal, fisioterapia, agulhamento seco, acupuntura, laserterapia de baixo nível, prescrição medicamentosa e psicologia clínica. Para tanto, foi realizada uma busca eletrônica na base de dados PubMed, utilizando os seguintes descritores em inglês:  facial pain, combined modality therapy e temporomandibular joint disorders. Foram incluídos estudos clínicos que relataram tratamentos de dores orofaciais, bem como ensaios clínicos randomizados e relatos de casos envolvendo esse assunto publicados no período de 2015 a 2020. Após a leitura de títulos e resumos, foram selecionados 12 artigos. Em suma, os artigos demonstraram a eficácia dos tratamentos para dores orofaciais, principalmente quando configurados em uma abordagem terapêutica multidisciplinar