Identification of intergenomic translocations involving wheat, Hordeum vulgare and Hordeum chilense chromosomes by FISH

4 pages: 1 figure: 1 tableIntergenomic translocations between wheat, Hordeum chilense and Hordeum vulgare have been obtained in tritordeum background. Advanced lines from the crosses between three disomic chromosome addition lines for chromosome 2Hv, 3Hv, and 4Hv of barley (Hordeum vulgare) in Triticum aestivum cv. Chinese Spring (CS) and hexaploid tritordeum (2n=6x=42, AABBHchHch) were analyzed. Multicolour FISH using both genomic DNA from H. chilense and H. vulgare were used to establish the presence and numbers of H. vulgare introgressions into tritordeum. Interspecific H. vulgare-H. chilense and intergeneric wheat-H. vulgare and wheat-H. chilense translocations were identified. Frequencies of plants containing different kinds of intergenomic translocations between chromosome arms are presented. These lines can be useful for introgressing into tritordeum characters of interest from H. vulgare.CICYT, Spain, projects AGF98- 0945-CO2-01 and AGF99-1036-C02-02Peer reviewe

The subtelomeric region is important for chromosome recognition and pairing during meiosis

The process of meiosis results in the formation of haploid daughter cells, each of which inherit a half of the diploid parental cells' genetic material. The ordered association of homologues (identical chromosomes) is a critical prerequisite for a successful outcome of meiosis. Homologue recognition and pairing are initiated at the chromosome ends, which comprise the telomere dominated by generic repetitive sequences, and the adjacent subtelomeric region, which harbours chromosome-specific sequences. In many organisms telomeres are responsible for bringing the ends of the chromosomes close together during early meiosis, but little is known regarding the role of the subtelomeric region sequence during meiosis. Here, the observation of homologue pairing between a pair of Hordeum chilense chromosomes lacking the subtelomeric region on one chromosome arm indicates that the subtelomeric region is important for the process of homologous chromosome recognition and pairing.This research was supported by ERC-Starting Grant-243118 from the FP7 and The European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) from the European Union and by the AGL2012-33264 from the Spanish Economy and Competitiveness Ministry.Peer Reviewe

A MWCNTs-COOH/PSS nanocomposite–modified screen-printed electrode for the determination of synthetic phenolic antioxidants by HPLC with amperometric detection

New sensing platforms based on screen-printed carbon electrodes modifed with composites based on polystyrene sulfonate and oxidized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (PSS/MWCNTs-COOH/SPCE) have been used to develop a novel HPLC method with electrochemical detection (ECD) for the determination of the most used synthetic phenolic antioxidants in cosmetics: butylhydroxytoluene (BHT), butylhydroxyanisole (BHA), tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) and propyl gallate (PG). Optimal separation conditions were achieved using methanol: 0.10 mol L−1 acetate solution at pH 6 as mobile phase with a gradient elution program from 60 to 90% of methanol percentage in 15 min. The electrochemical detection was carried out in amperometric mode using the PSS/MWCNTs-COOH/SPCE at+0.80 V vs. Ag. Under these optimal separation and detection conditions, the limits of detection (LOD) were between 0.11 and 0.25 mg L−1. These LOD values were better, especially for BHT, than those previously published in other HPLC methods. Linear ranges from 0.37 mg L−1, 0.83 mg L−1, 0.69 mg L−1 and 0.56 mg L−1 to 10 mg L−1 were obtained for PG, TBHQ, BHA and BHT, respectively. RSD values equal or lower than 5% and 8% were achieved for repeatability and reproducibility, respectively. The HPLC-ECD method was successfully applied to analyze diferent cosmetic samples. Recovery values within 83–109% were obtained in the validation studiesOpen Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Natur

Disposable screen-printed carbon-based electrodes in amperometric detection for simultaneous determination of parabens in complex-matrix personal care products by HPLC

Parabens are chemicals widely used as preservatives in different types of industrial products. In recent years, the concern about the safety of these compounds has increased due to their endocrine disrupting activity. For this reason, their use is highly regulated and even some of them have already been banned. Thus, methods for the sensitive and selective detection of these compounds are required to control their presence in food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical products. This paper presents an HPLC method with electrochemical detection using disposable screen-printed electrodes (SPE) for simultaneous determination of 6 different parabens in personal care products. Electrochemical behaviour of parabens was studied on SPE with different carbon-based materials as working electrode: carbon, ordered mesoporous carbon and graphene. From these studies, pH, detection potential, and the most adequate SPE were chosen. Due to the wide range of textures and viscosities (e.g., liquid, solid, and semi-solid) of personal care products, adequate sample pretreatments are required before chromatographic measurement. Here, a fast ultrasound-assisted extraction method was applied to simultaneously extract 6 parabens (methyl-, ethyl-, isopropyl-, propyl-, butyl-and benzyl-paraben) from different complex-matrix cosmetic products. Instrumental limits of detection between 20 and 115 μg L− 1 were obtained applying +1.0 V (vs. Ag) as detection potential on carbon-based SPE. The total analysis time, including sample extraction and HPLC run, was shorter than 35 min. The proposed method is more versatile and faster than the current available methods and has been successfully applied to determine parabens in commercial samples such as shampoos, body creams, facial tonics, and toothpastesLucia Abad acknowledges to Universidad Autonoma de Madrid for the predoctoral fellowship (FPI-UAM program). Sergio Lucas and Carmen Isabel thanks to Community of Madrid and European Social Fund for the contracts PEJ-2018-AI/BIO-11845 and PEJ-2019-TL/IND-14286, respectively through the Youth Employment Initiative (YEI

Metal-free visible light-promoted synthesis of isothiazoles: a catalytic approach for N-S bond formation from iminyl radicals under batch and flow conditions

A sustainable synthesis of isothiazoles has been developed using an α-amino-oxy acid auxiliary and applying photoredox catalysis. This simple strategy features mild conditions, broad scope and wide functional group tolerance representing a new enviromentally friendly option to prepare these highly valuable heterocycles. Furthermore, the synthetic value of the method is highlighted by the preparation of a natural product derivative and the implementation of the reaction in a continuous flow setupWe acknowledge the financial support by the Spanish Government (RTI2018-095038-B-I00) and ERC (ERC-CG, 647550

Using constraint solvers to support metamorphic testing

One of the current challenges in the context of Metamorphic Testing (MT) is the formalization and validation of metamorphic relations (MRs), as there is no single method or homogeneous way of doing it. It is a part of this software testing technique that, unlike others, is not yet developed. On one hand, the fact of having an artifact that formally validates these main elements in MT, facilitates the task for developers and testers and ensures that the technique applied fulfills its function with guarantees. On the other hand, nowadays, there are numerous accessible tools based on highly consolidated and mature constraint solvers that can help in this process of validation. Interpreting MRs as a set of constraints, their validation with these tools is directly applicable. This paper presents a proposal based on a use case, in which MRs are implemented as a set of restrictions. The experiments and the results are described and future lines of research are outlined

Trends in prioritization of test cases : 2017-2019

A core task in software testing is the design of test suites. Large test suites may take too long to run frequently, and test case prioritization (TCP) techniques have been proposed to speed up the detection of faults. These techniques have become increasingly popular and the number of publications has grown in recent years. Surveys have covered most of the techniques, but the latest included only publications until 2016: interest is growing, and new proposals have been developed in the last three years. This paper aims to complete that survey by providing the latest developments in TCP to respond to this growing interest. Specifically we use the taxonomy proposed by Khatibsyarbin et al. on the most important publications from 2017 to the present day (2019). All in all, we found 320 papers in this period about test case prioritization. The results show that the main techniques used are search-, coverage- and similarity-based

Modelling and simulation of a lava flow affecting a shore platform: a case study of Montaña de Aguarijo eruption, El Hierro (Canary Islands, Spain)

Recent subaerial volcanism at El Hierro Island (Canary Islands, Spain) consists of monogenetic volcanic fields. This volcanism generated cinder cones, tephra air-fall deposits, and lava flows. The lava flows reach several kilometres in length extending through shore platforms and, sometimes, penetrating under the sea level. The volcanic landforms of El Hierro convert it into a natural laboratory for topographic and morphometric modelling and lava flow simulations. We perform the modelling and simulation of the Montaña de Aguarijo eruption, a cinder cone at the NE rift. The associated lava flow channelled through a V-shaped ravine until reaching a cliff, where formed cascades. The flow spread at the cliff base over a platform before reaching the sea modifying the coastline. Different maps were designed to show the results, including the geomorphologic reconstruction of the area affected by this eruption and the lava flow simulations obtained with the Q-LavHA plugin. © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group on behalf of Journal of Maps