Multiple sclerosis disease-related knowledge measurement instruments show mixed performance: a systematic review

Multiple sclerosis; Patient-reported outcome measures; Psychometrics; Surveys and questionnairesEsclerosis múltiple; Medidas de resultado informadas por el paciente; Psicometría; Encuestas y cuestionariosEsclerosi múltiple; Mesures de resultat informades pel pacient; Psicometria; Enquestes i qüestionarisObjectives: This review aimed to summarize the evidence on the measurement properties of available disease-related knowledge measurement instruments in people with multiple sclerosis. Study design and setting: We performed a literature search in the MEDLINE (PubMed), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), and PsycINFO (EBSCOhost) databases from inception to February 10, 2021. Eligible studies were reports developing a disease-related knowledge measurement instrument or assessing one or more of its measurement properties. We assessed the methodological quality of the included studies independently using the "COSMIN Risk of Bias" checklist. We graded the quality of the evidence using a GRADE approach. Results: Twenty-four studies provided information on 14 measurement instruments. All instruments showed sufficient evidence for content validity, three for structural validity, and seven for hypothesis testing for construct validity. Cross-cultural validity and criterion validity were not assessed in any instrument. Only two instruments showed sufficient evidence for the internal consistency of their scores, and two others for their test-retest reliability. Responsiveness was assessed in one instrument, but it was rated as indeterminate. Conclusion: Based on the available evidence, two instruments can be recommended for use, two are unrecommended, and five have the potential to be recommended for use but require further research

Health Literacy among Health and Social Care University Students

Health literacy has been defined by the World Health Organization as the cognitive and social skills which determine the motivation and ability of individuals to gain access to, understand and use information in ways which promote and maintain good health. Its importance in reducing inequalities makes health literacy a thematic area that should be addressed in the training of professionals in the fields of healthcare, Social Work and Education. The objective of this study was to define the health literacy levels of students from the Universities of Girona and Barcelona (Spain) and the Regional Institute of Social Work in Perpignan (France). A cross-sectional study was conducted among students of Nursing, Social Work, Primary Education and Special Education in the 2017-2018 academic year. Sociodemographic and academic variables were considered and the HLS-EU-Q16 questionnaire was used to study health literacy levels. In total, 219 students with an average age of 24.9 participated. Of these, 64.4% were studying Social Work, 23.7% Nursing, 5.9% Primary Education, and 5.9% Special Education. Of the total sample, 36.5% were classified as sufficient in health literacy. The total average score of the health literacy index was 11.1; 13.2 among Nursing students; 10.5 among Social Work students; 10.1 among Primary Education students, and 10.1 among Special Education students (p < 0.001). Nursing students obtained the best results and healthcare was the highest rated subdomain, more than disease prevention and health promotion

Evaluation of positive mental health and sense of coherence in mental health professionals

Background: the Sense of Coherence (SOC) of Antonowsky (1996) which is based on salutogenic theory and the multifactor Positive Mental Health (PMH) model of Lluch (1999) provide two constructs for comprehending, evaluating, and intervening in the promotion and maintenance of a good state of mental health. Aim: were assessed self-rated mental health of health professionals working in mental health services and relations between both constructs and sociodemographic, work, and health variables. Methods: the sample was made up of n=102 attending professionals at the mental health units of the Parc Hospitalari Martí i Julià, in Salt, Girona. The variables studied were sociodemographic work-related, health-related, and self-perception of mental health, evaluated by means of the Sense of Coherence questionnaire and the Positive Mental Health questionnaire. The questionnaires were self-administered. Results: overall, the sample studied scored high in the Sense of Coherence and the Positive Mental Health questionnaires. In terms of the relation between the overall scores of the SOC questionnaire and the PMH, analysis revealed a positive relation between the two. Conclusions: this positive relation between the two questionnaires may be of particular interest in future studies of the multifactor model of Positive Mental Health and the salutogenic model that underlies the Sense of Coherence, by generating a global conceptual framework for the study of mental health from a positive perspective

An expert patient program to improve the empowerment and quality of life of people with multiple sclerosis : protocol for a multicenter pre-post intervention study

Multiple sclerosis (MS) causes a progressive disability, which substantially impacts the quality of life (QoL). Health interventions that meet the needs and demands of people with MS are essential to minimize QoL impairment. Expert patient programs (EPPs) facilitate health-related empowerment through peer learning. Based on a previous focus group study, we designed an EPP for MS coordinated by nursing professionals for implementation in the different MS reference units of Catalonia (Southwestern Europe). This study aims to evaluate the effects on quality of life, disease-related knowledge, and self-management related to the health process of the participants of the Expert Patient Program Catalonia™ for people with multiple sclerosis (EPPC-MS). Pre-post intervention multicenter clinical study involving 12 groups of 12 participants: six groups including relapsing and six groups including progressive MS patients, with 144 participants from 7 MS reference units from all over Catalonia, organized in six teams. The intervention will consist of nine telematic learning peer-led sessions (one weekly session). The expert patient (EP) leading the sessions will be an individual with MS with disease-related knowledge, who will be further trained by nurses to lead the sessions. Study variables will be measured before and immediately after the intervention and 6 and 12 months after the end of the sessions and will include: QoL, emotional impact, activation of the person, MS-related knowledge, fatigue, habits and lifestyles, health services use, and program-related experience. Baseline characteristics considered will be sociodemographic data, date of MS diagnosis and type, family history, and treatment characteristics. Variables related to disease follow-up will be new relapses and characteristics and changes in the ongoing treatment. The number of sessions attended will also be collected. Study variables will be analyzed using a pre-post comparison. Peer-led learning programs led by EP help empower people with chronic conditions and offer them tools to improve their autonomy and QoL. This study's intervention will be performed remotely, offering advantages both for people with chronic conditions and the healthcare system regarding the facilitation of family and work conciliation, saving time, simplifying attendance to meetings, lowering costs, and using fewer material resources

La feminització de la infermeria causalitat i estratègies per a la formació de professionals

L'objectiu de la investigació ha estat conèixer perquè el col·lectiu d'infermeria no percep la seva professió al mateix nivell que unes altres acadèmicament similars i que es veu imbuït per una invisibilitat consentida pel mateix, per altres professionals de la salut, per les institucions i per la pròpia societat. Ens ha interessat esbrinar si això té a veure amb la presència majoritària de la dona en la infermeria. Estudi transversal quantitatiu i qualitatiu. Les estratègies utilitzades són la combinació i la triangulació.Els professionals de la infermeria la consideren vocacional, amb poca identitat professional, socialment secundària, amb responsabilitat, gran potencial de projecció i baixa consideració del propi professional respecte al rol autònom i la dependència mèdica. Important impregnació d'estereotips consentits pels mateixos professionals. La causalitat s'atribueix a la feminització.Els resultats de l'estudi comporten l'elaboració i implantació d'estratègies formatives en l'àmbit de la formació universitària i en el laboral.The objective of the investigation has been to know because the nurses group does not perceive its profession at the same level that academically similar others and that is immersed by one invisibility allowed by the same one, by other professionals of the health, the institutions and the own society. It has interested to us to find out if this has to do with the majority presence of the woman in nursing. Quantitative and qualitative cross-sectional study. The used strategies are the combination and triangulation. The professionals of nursing consider vocational, with little professional identity, socially secondary, with responsibility, great potential of projection and low consideration of the own professional respect to the independent roll and the medical dependency. Important impregnating of stereotypes allowed by such professional. The causality is due to femininity. The results of the study tolerate the elaboration and implantation of educational strategies in the scope of the university formation and in the professional one

Inauguració i presentació de la Jornada de difusió del Pla d'Igualtat d'Oportunitats entre Homes i Dones de la UdG

Inauguració de la Jornada a càrrec de Carme Bertran, Vicerrectora d’Organització, Comunicació i Qualitat, i presidenta de la Comissió per al Pla d’Igualtat, i presentació del Pla d’Igualtat a càrrec de Josepa Bru, Secretària de la Comissió del Pla d’Igualta

Acte de graduació de la 9a promoció del Màster en Promoció de la Salut

Acte de graduació de la 9a promoció del màster en Promoció de la Salut a càrrec de Carme Bertran, degana de la Facultat d'Infermeria, Dolors Juvinyà, coordinadora del Màster, i Anna Ribas, gerent de l'IDIBGI. En el decurs de l'acte el Dr. Hiram Arroyo pronuncia la conferència "Retos en promoción de la salud después de 30 años de la Carta de Ottawa". Hiram Arroyo és catedràtic de promoció de la salut de la Universidad de Puerto Rico i director del Centro Colaborador de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS/OPS) para la Capacitación e Investigación en Promoción de la Salud y Educación para la Salu

Alfabetización para la salud, más que información

La alfabetización para la salud se ha tratado de forma extensa y con diversas perspectivas desde 1974, cuando en el marco de una conferencia sobre educación y salud el profesor Scott K. Simonds1 utilizó por primera vez el binomio. Desde entonces, no solo se ha puesto de relieve su importancia, sino que se considera una estrategia global2. Son muchas las definiciones que se han formulado y también las simplificaciones respecto a su aplicación, asimilando el concepto a facilitar información. En este editorial se pretende presentar diferentes aspectos que faciliten la comprensión del concepto de alfabetización para la salud, los actores involucrados y las condiciones necesaria

Acte de graduació de la 10a promoció del Màster Universitari en Promoció de la Salut. Conferència: Reptes per a la Promoció de la Salut en els propers 10 anys

Acte de graduació de la 10a promoció del Màster Universitari en Promoció de la Salut. La Dra. Carmen Cabezas Peña, sub-directora general de Promoció de la Salut, secretaria de Salut Pública del Departament de Salut de la Generalitat de Catalunya, ha pronunciat una conferència sobre els reptes per a la promoció de la salut en els propers 10 anys a Cataluny

Effects of a Music-Based Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation on Gait and Balance in Subacute Stroke

Gait and balance impairments are common after stroke. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a music-based rhythmic auditory stimulation (RAS) in combination with conventional physiotherapy on gait parameters and walking ability in subacute stroke. This single-blind, historical controlled trial, included 55 patients who had suffered a stroke within the three weeks prior to enrolment. Patients from 2018 (n = 27) were assigned as the historical control group whereas 2019 patients (n = 28) received music-based RAS three times a week. Both groups received 11 h of conventional physiotherapy per week during hospitalization. Primary outcomes were gait and balance parameters (Tinetti test and Timed Up&amp;Go test) and walking ability (Functional Ambulation Category scale). Secondary outcomes were trunk control, assistive devices, functional independence (Functional Independence Measure, Barthel index), and stroke severity and disability (modified Rankin scale, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale). Results: No between-group differences were identified for gait and balance parameters nor for secondary outcomes. Significant between-group differences were observed in the Functional Ambulation Category: the intervention group (Δmean ± SD; 3.43 ± 1.17) showed greater improvement (p = 0.002) than the control group (Δmean ± SD; 2.48 ± 1.09). Compared with conventional physiotherapy alone, our results suggest that the walking ability of subacute stroke patients might be improved with music-based RAS combined with conventional physiotherapy, but this treatment is not more effective than conventional physiotherapy in obtaining gait and balance gains