Relaxations in Ba2BiSbO6 Double Complex Perovskite Ceramics

The electric properties of the complex double perovskite Ba2BiSbO6 have been investigated using impedance spectroscopy in the frequency range from 1 Hz up to 1 MHz and in the temperature range from room temperature up to 560 K. There are two contributions to the electrical properties due to the grain and grain boundary. The oxygen vacancies play an important role in the conductivity and strongly increase the dielectric constant at high temperatures. The analysis of the frequency dependence of the conductivity clearly shows the structural phase transition of this compound near 515 K

The role of anthropogenic habitats in freshwater mussel conservation

Anthropogenic freshwater habitats may provide undervalued prospects for long-term conservation as part of species conservation planning. This fundamental, but overlooked, issue requires attention considering the pace that humans have been altering natural freshwater ecosystems and the accelerated levels of biodiversity decline in recent decades. We compiled 709 records of freshwater mussels (Bivalvia, Unionida) inhabiting a broad variety of anthropogenic habitat types (from small ponds to large reservoirs and canals) and reviewed their importance as refuges for this faunal group. Most records came from Europe and North America, with a clear dominance of canals and reservoirs. The dataset covered 228 species, including 34 threatened species on the IUCN Red List. We discuss the conservation importance and provide guidance on how these anthropogenic habitats could be managed to provide optimal conservation value to freshwater mussels. This review also shows that some of these habitats may function as ecological traps owing to conflicting management practices or because they act as a sink for some populations. Therefore, anthropogenic habitats should not be seen as a panacea to resolve conservation problems. More information is necessary to better understand the trade-offs between human use and the conservation of freshwater mussels (and other biota) within anthropogenic habitats, given the low number of quantitative studies and the strong biogeographic knowledge bias that persists.This publication is based upon work from COST Action CA18239, supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology). A.M.L. was financed by the Institute of Environmental Sciences Jagiellonian University (N18/DBS/000003) and K.N. by the Aragón Government. The authors acknowledge Jarosław Andrzejewski, Bartosz Czader, Anna Fica, Marcin Horbacz, Tomasz Jonderko, Steinar Kålås, Tomasz Kapela, Bjørn Mejdell Larsen, Maciej Pabijan, Katarzyna Pawlik, Ilona Popławska, Joanna Przybylska, Tomasz Przybył, Mateusz Rybak, Kjell Sandaas, Jarosław Słowikowski, Tomasz Szczasny, Michał Zawadzki and Paweł Zowada for providing detailed information on specific examples concerning freshwater mussels in anthropogenic habitats. We thank the editor and two anonymous referees for the valuable suggestions made, which increased the clarity of our manuscript.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Ionic conductivity in Bi 2Sn 2O 7 ceramics

Impedance spectroscopy measurements, in the temperature range from room temperature to 600 K, were performed in order to investigate the dielectric and ionic properties of Bi 2Sn 2O 7 ceramics. The results show that the conductivity in this pyrochlore is associated with the hopping of ions. An activation energy of 1.26 eV was observed and the dielectric constant exhibits a strong contribution from ionic conduction. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l. All rights reserved

Ionic conductivity in Bi2Sn2O7 ceramics

Impedance spectroscopy measurements, in the temperature range from room temperature to 600 K, were performed in order to investigate the dielectric and ionic properties of Bi 2Sn 2O 7 ceramics. The results show that the conductivity in this pyrochlore is associated with the hopping of ions. An activation energy of 1.26 eV was observed and the dielectric constant exhibits a strong contribution from ionic conduction. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l. All rights reserved

Relaxations in Ba 2BiTaO 6 ceramics investigated by impedance and electric modulus spectroscopies

Impedance spectroscopy analysis of the dielectric properties of a Ba 2BiTaO 6 ceramic was performed in the temperature range from room temperature to 500 K. The sample was prepared using conventional solid state synthesis under air and the X-ray diffraction shows the presence of Ba 5Ta 4O 15 as a minor secondary phase (0.09%). The impedance data clearly show contributions of the grain and grain boundary. The results indicate that the conduction in Ba 2BiTaO 6 is due to hopping of oxygen vacancies and that the impurities not influence the conduction mechanism. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Diagnóstico do estado nutricional dos atletas da Equipe Olímpica Permanente de Levantamento de Peso do Comitê Olímpico Brasileiro (COB) Diagnostico del estado nutricional de los deportistas del equipo olímpico nacional de levantamiento de pesas del Comité Olímpico Brasileño (COB) Diagnosis of the nutritional status of the Weight Lifting Permanent Olympic Team athletes of the Brazilian Olympic Committee (COB)

Objetivou-se neste estudo diagnosticar o estado nutricional da Equipe Olímpica Permanente de Levantamento de Peso do Comitê Olímpico Brasileiro (COB). A amostra foi composta por 24 atletas, na faixa etária entre 16 e 23 anos, sendo 12 do sexo masculino (19,7 ± 2,4 anos) e 12 do feminino (19,2 ± 1,8 ano). Realizou-se o seguinte procedimento para o diagnóstico do estado nutricional: análise da adequação da ingestão de energia e dos macronutrientes - carboidratos (CHO), lipídios (LIP) e proteínas (PRO) -, por meio dos métodos Recordatório de 24 horas e Questionário de Freqüência de Consumo Alimentar, além da caracterização do perfil antropométrico. Os resultados da avaliação dietética indicaram que a distribuição energética entre os macronutrientes encontra-se adequada sendo de 54 ± 6,8% (CHO); 28,5 ± 5,9% (LIP); e 14,5 ± 3,4% (PRO) para os homens e 56,3 ± 4,7% (CHO); 28,6 ± 4,6% (LIP); e 13,7 ± 2,4% (PRO) para a equipe feminina. Entretanto, quanto ao consumo energético total, 83% dos atletas estavam com ingestão energética abaixo dos valores recomendados, considerando o alto nível de atividade física, promovendo deficiência calórica diária. O percentual de gordura corporal dos atletas do sexo masculino (3,6 ± 0,7%) indicou que todos estavam abaixo do padrão de referência, enquanto 58% dos esportistas do sexo feminino apresentavam excesso de gordura (17,9 ± 5,8%). Tem-se, como conclusão, que, apesar de os desportistas avaliados terem realizado distribuição energética adequada entre os macronutrientes, esta ainda não foi suficiente para suprir as exigências energéticas da modalidade, necessitando assim de orientação nutricional.<br>El objetivo de este estudio fue diagnosticar el estado nutricional de los deportistas del equipo olímpico nacional de levantamiento de pesas del Comité Olímpico Brasileño (COB). La muestra estuvo compuesta por 24 deportistas, con edades entre 16 y 23 años, siendo 12 hombres (19,7 ± 2,4 años) y 12 mujeres (19,2 ± 1,8 años). Para diagnosticar el estado nutricional se empleó: análisis de la adecuación del consumo energético de macronutrientes, carbohidratos (CHO), lípidos (LIP) y proteínas (PRO), por medio de los métodos recordatorio de 24 horas y encuesta de frecuencia de consumo alimentar, además de establecer el perfil antropométrico. Los resultados indican que la distribución energética entre los macronutrientes esta adecuada, al registrarse 54 ± 6,8% (CHO); 28,5 ± 5,9% (LIP); 14,5 ± 3,4% (PRO) en los hombres y 56,3 ± 4,7% (CHO); 28,6 ± 4,6% (LIP); 13,7 ± 2,4% (PRO) en las mujeres. Sin embargo, el consumo energético total indica que 83% de los deportistas estaban con un consumo por debajo de los valores recomendados, considerando el alto nivel de actividad física, produciendo así una deficiencia energética diaria. El porcentaje de grasa corporal en los hombres (3,6 ± 0,7%) indica que todos estaban debajo de los valores de referencia; por otra parte, 58% de las mujeres presentaron exceso de grasa (17,9 ± 5,8%). Se puede concluir que los deportistas evaluados, mismo realizando la distribución energética entre los macronutrientes adecuada, no esta siendo suficiente para atender las necesidades de los deportistas, necesitando así, de una orientación nutricional.<br>This study aimed to diagnose the nutritional status of the Weight Lifting Permanent Olympic Team Athletes of the Brazilian Olympic Committee (COB). The sample was composed of 24 athletes, aged 16-23 yr, 12 males (19.7 ± 2.4 yr) and 12 females (19.2 ± 1.8 yr). The following procedure was applied to diagnose the nutritional status: analysis of the adequability of energy and macronutrient intake - carbohydrates (CHO), lipids (LIP) and proteins (PRO) -, through the methods 24-hr diet records and the Food Consumption Frequency Questionnaire, besides anthropometrical profile characterization. The results obtained from the dietary evaluation showed that the energy distribution among the macronutrients was adequate, 54 ± 6.8% (CHO); 28,5 ± 5.9% (LIP); and 14.5 ± 3.4% (PRO) for the male team, and 56.3 ± 4.7% (CHO); 28.6 ± 4.6% (LIP); and 13.7 ± 2.4% (PRO) for the female team. However, regarding total energy intake, 83% of the athletes presented energy intake below the recommended values, considering the high level of physical activity, resulting in daily caloric deficiency. Body fat percentage of the male athletes (3.6 ± 0.7%) indicated that all of them were below the reference standard, while 58% of the female athletes had excess fat (17.9 ± 5.8%). It was concluded that although the athletes showed an adequate caloric distribution of macronutrients, it was still not sufficient to meet the energy requirements of their modality, thus these athletes should seek nutritional orientation

The role of anthropogenic habitats in freshwater mussel conservation

The data that supports the findings of this study are available in the supplementary material of this article.Anthropogenic freshwater habitats may provide undervalued prospects for long-term conservation as part of species conservation planning. This fundamental, but overlooked, issue requires attention considering the pace that humans have been altering natural freshwater ecosystems and the accelerated levels of biodiversity decline in recent decades. We compiled 709 records of freshwater mussels (Bivalvia, Unionida) inhabiting a broad variety of anthropogenic habitat types (from small ponds to large reservoirs and canals) and reviewed their importance as refuges for this faunal group. Most records came from Europe and North America, with a clear dominance of canals and reservoirs. The dataset covered 228 species, including 34 threatened species on the IUCN Red List. We discuss the conservation importance and provide guidance on how these anthropogenic habitats could be managed to provide optimal conservation value to freshwater mussels. This review also shows that some of these habitats may function as ecological traps owing to conflicting management practices or because they act as a sink for some populations. Therefore, anthropogenic habitats should not be seen as a panacea to resolve conservation problems. More information is necessary to better understand the trade-offs between human use and the conservation of freshwater mussels (and other biota) within anthropogenic habitats, given the low number of quantitative studies and the strong biogeographic knowledge bias that persists.This publication is based upon work from COST Action CA18239, supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology). A.M.L. was financed by the Institute of Environmental Sciences Jagiellonian University (N18/DBS/000003) and K.N. by the Aragón Government. The authors acknowledge Jarosław Andrzejewski, Bartosz Czader, Anna Fica, Marcin Horbacz, Tomasz Jonderko, Steinar Kålås, Tomasz Kapela, Bjørn Mejdell Larsen, Maciej Pabijan, Katarzyna Pawlik, Ilona Popławska, Joanna Przybylska, Tomasz Przybył, Mateusz Rybak, Kjell Sandaas, Jarosław Słowikowski, Tomasz Szczasny, Michał Zawadzki and Paweł Zowada for providing detailed information on specific examples concerning freshwater mussels in anthropogenic habitats. We thank the editor and two anonymous referees for the valuable suggestions made, which increased the clarity of our manuscript